ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Asia-Pacific functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) questionnaire. Methods The standardized scale translation program was used to translate the Asia-Pacific functional gastrointestinal disorders questionnaire into Chinese version.From April to May 2011,the functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) out-patients of the Department of Gastroenterology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were asked to complete the Chinese version of the questionnaire,then the feasibility,reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated.ResultsA total of 58 FGIDs patients finished the questionnaire,of which 37 patients with good compliance finished the 2-week interval questionnaire.The retest reliability of the first part of the questionnaire was good (including basic information,disease duration and alarm symptoms),all the test-retest coefficients were more than 0.70.The percentage of poor,medium and good retest reliability items of the second part of the questionnaire (including the symptoms of gastrointestinal system) was 27.8％,61.1％ and 11.1％respectively.After the data was transformed into binary data according to Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria,the percentage of poor,medium and good retest reliability items was 5.5％,41.7％ and 52.8％respectively.The percentage of poor,medium and good retest reliability items of the third part of the questionnaire (including previous medical treatment,medication and the impact of the disease on life,etc) was 36.0％,40.0％ and 24.0％ respectively.The validity of the questionnaire was moderate according to the Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria.Conclusion The Chinese version of Asia-Pacific functional gastrointestinal disorders is feasible and can be used to screen the adult FGIDs under the Chinese cultural background.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) with herbs-partition moxibustion is of good intervenient effect, whether the effect is related to neutrophil apoptosis in the pathogenic process of UC?OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of neutrophil appptosis rate of rats with UC and the regulative effect of medicinal cake moxibustion. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial based on SD rats.SETTING: Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed from August 2002 to June 2003. A total of 30 healthy male SD rats of clean grade, weighing (140±20) g,provided by Experimental Animal Center of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, were at random divided into 2 groups: model building group (n=20) and normal control group (n=10).METHODS: Rat UC models were set up with immunological method. After the models were successively set up, four model rats and two normal rats were randomly selected for pathological observation of distal colon tissue. The rest models were divided as model group and herbs-partition moxibustion group with 8 rats for each, and the rest 8 normal rats were taken as control group. The rats of herbs-partition moxibustion group were given herbs-partition moxibustion at tian shu (ST-25) of both sides and qi hai (CV-6) points; the herbs cones was made from Radix Aeoniti Praeparata,Cortex Cinnamoni, and so on. About 90 mg moxa cone was put on the herbs cones for moxibustion, once a day, for 10 times. After treatment, all rats of the three group were executed, then the peripheral monocytes were isolated for cell culture. A 1:50 diluted supernatants of each group were taken, and the same volume of RPMI-1640 culture fluid was used as blank control group. They were respectively incubated together with neutrophils of peripheral blood of normal rats. The neutrophil apoptosis rates were measured by using flow cytometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of neutrophil apoptosis rates of rats in each group.RESULTS: Totally 20 rats in model group and 10 in normal control group were accepted. Then 4 rats in model group and 2 in normal group were sacrificed and observed with tissue pathology, and 16 and 8 rats entered the final analysis in model and normal control groups respectivelly. ① The neutrophil apoptosis rate of UC rats was significantly lower that that of rats in blank control group [(16.34±2.80) ％, (52.33±9.94) ％, q= -35.99, P＜ 0.01]; but there was no significant diffenence between normal control group [(48.79±11.33) ％] and blank control group, (P＞0.05). ② After treatment the neutrophil apoptosis rate of herbs-partition moxibustion group [(36.03±8.31) ％] was significantly higher than that of UC model group (q=19.69, P ＜ 0.01), but it was still lower than that of normal control group (q= -16.30, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: One of the main mechanism for herbs-partition moxibustion to treat UC might be regulating and/or reducing the inhibited state of neutrophil apoptosis in UC.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to observe the postoperative pain rate and degree of pain in preschool children with cleft lip and palate, and investigate the effect of nursing intervention on pain relief.

METHODSA total of 120 hospitalized cases of three- to seven-year-old preschool children with cleft lip and palate were selected from May to October 2011. The subjects were randomly divided into the control group and experimental groups 1, 2, and 3. The control group used conventional nursing methods, experimental group 1 used analgesic drug treatment, experimental group 2 used psychological nursing interventions, and experimental group 3 used both psychological nursing intervention and analgesic drug treatment. After 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, pain self-assessment, pain parent-assessment, and pain nurse-assessment were calculated for the four groups using the pain assessment forms, and their ratings were compared.

RESULTSThe postoperative pain rates of the four groups ranged from 50.0% to 73.3%. The difference among the four groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The differences among the control group and experimental groups 1 and 2 were not statistically significant (P = 0.871), whereas the differences among experimental group 3 and the other groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONPostoperative pain in preschool children with cleft lip and palate is common. Psychological nursing intervention with analgesic treatment is effective in relieving postoperative pain.

Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Pain, Postoperative

Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution characteristics of symptoms of anorectal diseases in Chinese residents(older than 18) as to provide reference for prevention,care and treatment of anorectal diseases.Methods Stratified sampling was used according to the economic level in every province in the country,and each province selected two cities.Face-toface interviews were used to collect data in 68 906 interviewers and SPSS 17.0 was performed to analyze the data.Results Of 68 906 respondents,25 634 (37.20 ％) reported to suffer from at least one symptoms of anorectal diseases.The prevalence of the top 5 main symptoms of anorectal diseases were prolapse of anus neoplasms(14.55％),anal sore(16.53％),anal pendant expansion (14.98 ％),perianal abscess (5.88 ％),hematochezia (22.52 ％).Each symptom frequency difference was statistically significant (x2=7 727.6,P＜0.001).Populations which proned to suffer from symptoms of anorectal disease had the following characteristics:living in city,male,ageing 25-54 years old,having specialist qualifications,lacking of physical.Conclusion The prevalence of symptoms of anorectal diseases among Chinese residents was high,and each symptom had its distribution characteristics.More targeted interventions should be taken in anorectal disease prone people.

The first case of acquired syphilitic skull osteitis accompanied by syphilitic meningitis in China is reported.A 55-year-old female presented with a persistent distending pain of the frontal and occipital regions of the skull for two months.T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MR1) showed muhiple lesions in the skull and linear enhancement of the meninge near the lesions.The serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive for Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA) and rapid plasma reagin circle card test(at the dilutions of 1∶32 and 1∶4 respectively).The levels of leukocyte and protein were 10 ×106/L and 0.82 g/L respectively in CSF.TP DNA was detected in the calvarial periosteum.Histopathological examination of the frontal bone showed focally destructive osteolytic lesions with obscure texture of the bone,hyperemia around the destructive bone tissue and in dura mater-like tissues,proliferation of interstitial fibrous tissue,swelling of endothelial cells and inflammatory infiltration predominantly composed of abundant plasma cells.After managed with routine treatment regimen for neurosyphilis,her headache was relieved 3 days later,nearly disappeared 15 days later,completely disappeared 30 days later.No similar headache recurred.A 5year follow up demonstrated a satisfactory long-term and short-term outcome.She was finally diagnosed with syphilitic skull osteitis complicated by syphilitic meningitis.

A kinetics model was developed for predicting and simulating immobilized cellulase performance, which follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics with competitive product inhibition. Taking into account the effects of competitive product inhibition, inner diffusional limitation, substrate concentration and carrier size, the substrate distribution and the product distribution in carriers were investigated, and the effectiveness factors were also calculated over a wide range of parameters. The effects of competitive product inhibition are shown to increase the substrate concentration in the carrier, and, additionally, to increase the effectiveness factors slightly. With the increase of inner diffusion coefficient, both the effectiveness factors and the substrate concentration in the carrier increase. As the carrier size increases, on the other hand, these values decrease. The effectiveness factors and the substrate concentration in the carrier are found to increase when substrate concentration in the reaction system increases.
Cellulase ; metabolism ; Diffusion ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; metabolism ; Kinetics ; Microspheres ; Models, Chemical ; Particle Size ; Substrate Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of life of cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and discuss the factors to provide the oretical basis for improving the quality of life of these parents and promoting the healthy growth of children with cleft lip and/or palate.

METHODSA total of 115 parents whose children had cleft lip and/or palate surgery treatment were selected as the experiment group, and another 198 parents (with healthy children having a similar age with those in the experiment group) as the control group. The experiment group was divided into three subgroups according to different types of cleft lip and/or palate: cleft Lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), cleft lip and palate (CLP). The experiment group and the control group were both divided into four subgroups according to age: 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old, and more than 6 years old. The experiment group and the control group were both divided into three subgroups according to education: junior middle school and the following, high school and technical secondary school, junior college degree or above. The GQOLI-74 scale was selected to assess the experiment group and the control group. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze data.

RESULTS1) The experiment group had no significant difference with the control group in terms of the overall score and the scores of various children ages. 2) The scores of every item had no significant difference in CL, CP, CLP subgroup (P > 0.05). 3) The quality of life scores and scores of psychological function dimension and social function dimension of parents with 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P<0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 years old patients were obviously lower than those of parents with more than 6 years old patients (P < 0.05). The other items had no significant difference. 4) The scores of material life dimension and social function dimension of parents with junior college degree or above were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05). The scores of social function dimension of parents with high school and technical secondary school degree were higher than those of parents with junior middle school degree and the following (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNo difference was observed in the quality of life between cleft lip and/or palate children's parents and normal group. The parents with the low age children with cleft lip and/or palate and low-levels of education need more help and support to improve quality of life.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; psychology ; Cleft Palate ; psychology ; Humans ; Infant ; Quality of Life ; Social Adjustment ; Software

Objective To study the microinvasive treatment of post-gastrectomy acute cholecystisis. Methods Teweenty-eight cases of post-gastrectomy acute cholecystitis were treated by routine non-operative method first, if cases with no apparent relief after 24h of treatment were further treated with percutanous transhepatic gallbladder puncture and drainage(PTGD) guided by ultrasonography. Results Five cases were treated by non-operative method with complete relief within 24 hours. PTGD was done successfully in all the other 23 cases.In cases with ideal bile drainage at the time of intubation, the patients had immediate marked relief of their symptoms and signs, and they fully recovered within 3~7 days.Conclusions Ultrasound guided PTGD is an effective treatment for post-gastrectomy acute cholecystitis with the advantages of microinvasion and quick patient recovery.

Objective To evaluate the effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor type Ⅱ:IgG Fc fusion protein (rhTNFR:Fc,trade name Etanercept) combined with methotrexate on levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum and mononuclear cells of patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.Methods A total of 30 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled from Department of Dermatology of Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University between August 2014 and February 2016,and then were randomly and equally divided into Etanercept group and Etanercept + methotrexate group.The treatment lasted 24 weeks.Fifteen healthy blood donors served as healthy control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time quantitative PCR were performed to measure the serum levels and mRNA expression of IL-17A and TNF-α,respectively,in the patients of the above two groups before and after the treatment.Results Before the treatment,the serum levels of IL-17A and TNF-ct,as well as the mRNA expression of IL-17A and TNF-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),were all significantly higher in all the patients than in the healthy controls (all P ＜ 0.05).After the treatment,compared with the Etanercept group,the Etanercept + methotrexate group showed significantly lower serum levels of IL-17A (142.67 ± 14.82 vs.163.54 ± 23.18,P ＜ 0.05) and TNF-α (70.07 ± 25.02 vs.91.98 ± 14.62,P ＜ 0.05),as well as lower mRNA expression of IL-17A (1.12 ± 0.33 vs.1.56 ± 0.77,P ＜ 0.05) and TNF-α in PBMCs (2.50 ± 1.04 vs.3.61 ± 2.14,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Etanercept combined with methotrexate is superior to Etanercept alone in the treatment of psoriasis,and can reduce treatment duration and improve therapeutic effect,likely by down-regulating the expression of IL-17A and TNF-α.

ObjectiveTo prospectively compare the effects of Prestige LP cervical disc replacement with those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in treatment of cervical disc herniation.MethodsFrom January 2008 to March 2010,a total of 87 patients were enrolled at our site as study investigating ACDF versus Prestige LP cervical disc prosthesis.Forty-four patients received the investigational device (arthroplasty group) and 43 underwent a single-level ACDF (fusion group).Visual analogue scale(VAS) neck/arm pain,Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score,Short Form-36 (SF-36) both physical and mental,flexion-extension range of motion of operative and adjacent segments were evaluated preoperatively and 1 week and 3,6,12,24 months postoperatively.ResultsA total of 78 patients (89.7％) were followed up for an average 12.4 months(range,6-24).Both groups have favorably demonstrated improved functional outcomes for JOA,VAS scores and SF-36.The improvement in the VAS and JOA scores were equivalent at each follow-up point between the two groups(P＞0.05).However,arthroplasty group had statistically significant improvement as assessed by the SF-36 scores compared with the fusion group at some follow-up points (P＜0.05).In arthroplasty group,the postoperative range of motion of operative and adjacent segments showed no statistical difference with the preoperative counterpart(P＞0.05),and fusion was successful in 92.1％ of control patients.ConclusionPrestige LP cervical disc replacement is a feasible alternative to ACDF for patients with persistently symptomatic cervical disc disease and matching the inclusion criteria.