Adult ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Male ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; therapy ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE:To study the association between the reticulated platelets(RP) percentage and aspirin resistance(AR) with the percentage of reticulated platelets in whole blood representing the platelets turnover rate to illuminate the influence of platelets turnover rate on AR.METHODS:The RP percentage and arachidonic acid(AA) and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in 80 patients after receiving aspirin(100 mg?day) for no less than 7 days were determined.The patients were divided into AR group,aspirin semi-resistance(ASR) group,and aspirin sensitive(AS) group,and the RP percentage in the three groups were compared.RESULTS:RP percentages in AR,ASR,and AS groups were(4.11?2.62)%,(2.23?1.79)%,and(2.18?1.24)%,respectively,showing signficant differneces between AR group and AS group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:Increased platelets turnover may induce AR,therefore,the patients with coronary artery disease should receive aspirn for multiple daily(antiplatelet therapy) or to take controlled release or sustained release aspirin.The safety and efficacy of these therapies should be confirmed in clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of cinnabar and realgar in Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNH) -produced neuroprotection against lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) -mediated neuronal damage and further explore the corresponding mechanisms. METHODS Primary rat midbrain neuron-glia cultures were used as an in vitro model to investigate effects of AGNH on LPS-mediated degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons. The experiment was divided into normal control group, LPS model group, LPS + cinnabar (4 and 40 mg·L-1) groups, LPS + realgar (4 and 40 mg·L-1 ) groups and LPS + AGNH (40 and 400 mg·L-1 ) group. Drugs were added 30 min before LPS treatment. After 7 d, dopaminergic neurotoxicity was assessed through the quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons and morphological analysis of TH-positive neurons; the activation of microglia was evaluated using OX-42 antibody; the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in microglia was performed by real-time RT-PCR analysis, and the release of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures was determined respectively by the ELISA and Griess reagent. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, DA neurons in LPS model group decreased by 40% (P <0.05) , microglial activation was induced, the expression of TNF-α mRNA and iNOS mRNA in microglia increased 9 and 2 times, respectively ( P < 0. 05 ) , and subsequent production of TNF-α and NO in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures increased 20 and 30 times, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with LPS model group, AGNH 400 mg·L-1 and realgar 40 mg·L-1 significantly attenuated LPS-mediated DA neuronal loss by 40% and 30% , respectively (P<0.05) and inhibited activation of microglia and expression of TNF-α mRNA by 61% and 52% (P <0.05). iNOS mRNA was reduced by 58% and 51% (P <0.05 ) in microglia. The subsequent release of TNF-α was reduced by 55% and 43% (P<0.05) and NO reduced by 53% and 34% (P<0.05) in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures. Cinnabar had no inhibitory effect on LPS-induced changes. CONCLUSION AGNH protects LPS-induced neurotoxicity through its anti-inflammatory properties and realgar might be the key contributor to the neuroprotective action of AGNH, while cinnabar fails to show any neuroprotection.

Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Neoplastic Processes ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology

Objective To establish and evaluate 3 kinds of minimally-invasive valve implantation model in vivo.Methods A novel tissue engineered heart valve(TEHV) manufactured by branched polyethylene glycol cross-linked acellular porcine valve and a minimally-invasive valve implantation system according to the design of Corevalve revalving system were adopted.After anesthesia,18 adult male goats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the ulrasound-directed orthotropic group (group A,n =6),angiography-directed orthotropic group (group B,n =6) and direct-released heterotopic group (group C,n =6),and all received minimally-invasive valve implantation orthotropically or heterotopically.4 weeks later,the valvular function was evaluated by CTA and/or echocardiography.Results All 3 kinds of caprine model were successfully constructed.The operation success rate of each group was A: 66.7％,B: 50.0％ and C: 100.0％,respectively(multiple x2 analysis,group A and B P ＞0.05; group A and C,group B and C,P ＜0.05).The operation-time of each group was A: (79 ± 18) min,B:(61 ±23) min,C: (45 ± 15) min(one-way ANOVA,P ＜0.05).The survival rate at4 weeks was A: 100％,B: 100％ and C: 83.3％ (multiple x2 analysis,P ＞ 0.05).Echocardiography and CTA proved the short-term function of implanted TEHV was satisfactory.Conclusion All 3 kinds of caprine valve implantation model can be established without cardiopulmonary bypass and blood transfusion.The devices and equipments required in group A is relatively simple,but the procedure cost longer time for it is hard to determine the right position by ultrasound.The application of angiography made the positioning much easier in group B while the procedure had to be performed in specific operation room with angiographic apparatus.Group C did rely on neither special equipments nor complex operation,but the valve leaflets cannot work normally,so this model was only suitable for testing in vivo characteristics such as biocompatiblities.

AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of interleukin-4(IL-4),IL-10,IL-12 in rat serum and lung tissues during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: The ARDS model of rats was induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid. The levels of IL-4 ,IL-10,IL-12 in serum and the supernatant of lung tissues were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The Levels of serum and lung IL-10,IL-12 in ARDS rats were increased in 4 h ,8 h,16 h group compared with control group . The levels in IL-10 in serum in 16 h group and IL-10 in lung tissues of 8 h group were lower than that in 4 h group. The Levels of IL-4 in serum in 4 h, 8 h group were higher than that in control group , while IL-4 in 16 h group was lower than that in 8 h group. IL-4 of lung tissues in 4 h,8 h,16 h group were increased significantly,but in 16 h group were lower than that in 8 h group. The biggest changes of pulmonary coefficient and histopathology were observed at 4 h after injection of oleic acid. CONCLUSIONS: IL-4,IL-10 and IL-12 might play important roles in inflammatory reaction induced by oleic acid. The pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines produced successively during ARDS. The relationship between unbalanced cytokines and lung injury in ARDS needs to be further studied.

BACKGROUND:There are many studies concerning rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for immune tolerance following transplantation and tissue repair.However,there are no reports on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UCMSCs).OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of separating mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)from rat umbilical cord,and to study its biological characteristics.METHODS:MSCs were separated from rat umbilical cord with enzyme method and tissue mass method,and then incubated in DMEM-LG medium.Cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscope.Growth curves of cells were drawn using cell counting.Cell cycle and surface antigen were detected with flow cytometry.Adipogenic differentiation and osteogenic differentiation were tested by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both of the two methods could obtain plenty of MSCs from rat umbilical cord.Primary culture showed that the efficiency of enzyme method was higher than tissue mass method.Passage time of the former was about 10 days and the latter was 14 days.The passage time of latter except primary culture was the same.Immunophenotype analysis showed that MSCs from rat umbilical cord expressed adhesion molecule and stromal cell markers,CD90 and CD106,but did not express hematopoietic cell markers,CD34 and CD45.In vitro induction test verified that rat UCMSCs have the potentials of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ammonia ; adverse effects ; Burns, Chemical ; etiology ; therapy ; Burns, Inhalation ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hypothyroidism ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; genetics

Adult ; Chlorine ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosgene ; poisoning ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; chemically induced