Education, Dental ; Oral Medicine ; education ; manpower

Biofilms

BACKGROUND: In the management of critically ill patients, the assessment of volume responsiveness and the decision to administer a fluid bolus constitute a common dilemma for physicians. Static indices of cardiac preload are poor predictors of volume responsiveness. Passive leg raising (PLR) mimics an endogenous volume expansion (VE) that can be used to predict fluid responsiveness. This study was to assess the changes in stroke volume index (SVI) induced by PLR as an indicator of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis. METHODS: This was a prospective study. Thirty-two mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis were admitted for VE in ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital from May 2010 to December 2011. Patients with non-sinus rhythm or arrhythmia, parturients, and amputation of the lower limbs were excluded. Measurements of SVI were obtained in a semi-recumbent position (baseline) and during PLR by the technique of pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) system prior to VE. Measurements were repeated after VE (500 mL 6％ hydroxyethyl starch infusion within 30 minutes) to classify patients as either volume responders or non-responders based on their changes in stroke volume index (ΔSVI) over 15％. Heart rate (HR), systolic artery blood pressure (ABPs), diastolic artery blood pressure (ABPd), mean arterial blood pressure (ABPm), mean central venous pressure (CVPm) and cardiac index (CI) were compared between the two groups. The changes of ABPs, ABPm, CVPm, and SVI after PLR and VE were compared with the indices at the baseline. The ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the value of ΔSVI and the change of CVPm (ΔCVPm) in predicting volume responsiveness. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among the 32 patients, 22 were responders and 10 were non-responders. After PLR among the responders, some hemodynamic variables (including ABPs, ABPd, ABPm and CVPm) were significantly elevated (101.2±17.6 vs.118.6±23.7,P=0.03; 52.8±10.7 vs. 64.8±10.7,P=0.006; 68.3±11.7 vs. 81.9±14.4,P=0.008; 6.8±3.2 vs. 11.9±4.0,P=0.001). After PLR, the area under curve (AUC) and the ROC curve of ΔSVI and ΔCVPm for predicting the responsiveness after VE were 0.882±0.061 (95％CI 0.759–1.000) and 0.805±0.079 (95％CI 0.650–0.959) when the cut-off levels of ΔSVI and ΔCVPm were 8.8％ and 12.7％, the sensitivities were 72.7％ and 72.7％, and the specificities were 80％ and 80％. CONCLUSION: Changes in ΔSVI and ΔCVPm induced by PLR are accurate indices for predicting fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis.

Objective To observe the biological activities of human doppel(Dpl) protein transiently expressed and Dpl-like protein PrP?32-121 on a human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y.Methods Recombinant mammalian expression plasmids containing human PRND gene and truncated PrP?32-121 fragment were generated by PCR.The expression and location of Dpl and PrP?32-121 post-transfection were observed by IFA.The cytotoxicity was measured by MTT analysis.Cellular apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and Western blot.Results Both Dpl and PrP?32-121 protein were expressed and mainly located on the cell membrane.Remarkable cytotoxicity was detected on SH-SY5Y cells after 24 h transfection.Meanwhile,more Annexin V/PI positively-stained cells as well as lower levels of cellular pro-caspase-3 and Bel-2 were detected in the cells receiving Dpl and PrP?32-121 expressing plasmids.Conclusion Dpl protein transiently expressed and PrP?32-121 can lead to the similar neural cytotoxicity,probably triggering the cell apoptosis program.

Objective To observe the biological activities of human doppel (Dpl) protein transiently expressed and Dpl-like protein PrPΔ32-121 on a human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Methods Recombinant mammalian expression plasmids containing human PRND gene and truncated PrPΔ32-121 fragment were generated by PCR. The expression and location of Dpl and PrPΔ32-121 post-transfection were observed by IFA. The cytotoxicity was measured by MTT analysis. Cellular apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and Western blot. Results Both Dpl and PrPΔ32-121 protein were expressed and mainly located on the cell membrane. Remarkable cytotoxicity was detected on SH-SY5Y cells after 24 h transfection. Meanwhile, more Annexin V/PI positively-stained cells as well as lower levels of cellular pro-caspase-3 and Bel-2 were detected in the cells receiving Dpl and PrPΔ32-121 expressing plasmids. Conclusion Dpl protein transiently expressed and PrPΔ32-121 can lead to the similar neural cytotoxicity, probably triggering the cell apoptosis program.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and TNM stage effect of serum CYFRA21-1,VEGF and PDGF in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Methods The electrochemiluminescence immunoas- say was used to detect serum CYFRA21-1,and the sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbentassay(ELISA) was used to detect serum VEGF and PDGF in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 30 normal healthy controls.Results Compared with healthy control group,the level of serum CYFRA21-1,VEGF and PDGF in non-small cell lung cancer group were much higher(P0.05).The serum CYFRA21-1 level was positively correlated with VEGF and PDGF(P

Objective To investigate radiological features of patients with heroin spongiform leukoencephalopathy(HSLE)of different clinical stages and discuss the evolutional characteristics of the disease.Methods Thirty two patients with HSLE underwent precontrast MRI and postcontrast MRI.The history of addiction,clinical presentations,and brain MRI were analyzed and summarized according to the patient's clinical staging.There are 6 cases in Ⅰ stage,21 cases in Ⅱ stage,5 cases in Ⅲ stage.Results All patients had history of heroin vapor inhalation.Most of the cases developed subacute cerebellar impairment in earlier period.Brain MRI revealed symmetrical lesion within bilateral cerebellum in all patients.Splenium of the corpus callosum,posterior limb of the internal capsule,deep white matter of the occipital and parietal lobes,were gradually involved with progressive deterioration of HSLE.The brain stem and deep white matter of the frontal and temporal lobes were involved in some cases.Conclusions The history of heated heroin vapor inhalation was the prerequisite for the diagnosis of HSLE.Brain MRI presented the characteristic lesion and its evolution of HSLE.Brain MRI was very important for accurate diagnosis and helpful to judge the clinical stages according to the involved brain region.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 (HCN4) and connexin43 (Cx43) in the sinoatrial node of electric shock death. METHODS: As experimental group, 34 cases of electric shock death who had definite current mark evidence were selected from pathology department of Xuzhou Medical College from 2010 to 2013. As the control group, 20 cases of fatal severe craniocerebral injury in traffic accidents were chosen. The expressions of HCN4 and Cx43 in the sinoatrial node were observed by immunohistochemical technology. RESULTS: HCN4 positive cells expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the sinoatrial node. Cx43 positive cells expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of T cells and myocardial cells. The expression of HCN4 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05) and the expression of Cx43 was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The changes of HCN4 and Cx43 expressions in the sinoatrial node illustrate electric shock death might be related to the abnormalities of cardiac electrophysiology and conduction.
Connexin 43/metabolism* ; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels ; Heart Rate ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry/methods* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Sinoatrial Node/physiopathology*

Human body is inhabited by large number of microbial organisms that form complex ecosystems. Oral cavity is one of the major sites for microbial colonization. Oral microbial diversity is huge as the compositions vary among different oral cavities, different locations within the same oral cavity, or same location at different time points. The differences in compositions and varieties determine the balance of human oral microbial ecosystem, which is directly associated with oral disease or health. This review focuses on the history and new progress of the studies on human oral microbial communities.
Ecosystem ; Humans ; Mouth ; microbiology

Two hundred and five patients with hypertensive intracerehral hemorrhage (HICH) received mini-puncture hematoma scavenging technique (MPST; n=80), traditional craniotomy operation (TCO; n=78), or medicine expectant treatment (MET; n=47), respectively. Clinical data demostrated that consciousness level and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was more obviously improved in the MPST group,while postoperative complication rate was relatively lower. The MPST group and TCO group saw no significant difference in over-all matality, although both were significantly lower than the MET group. Severe disability rate in the MPST group was significantly decreased. In comparison with the TCO or MET group, 1 to 3 class activity of daily life score, language function recovery and response rate in the MPST group significantly improved (all P<0.05). We suggest that because of lower severe disability rate, less postoperative complications, and improved quality of life, MPST should be a better treatment of choice for HICH patients.