Objective To investigate the effect of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2O3,ATO) on neurokinin A (NKA) in renal tissue of BXSB mice and explore its clinical value.Methods Fifty BXSB mice (twelve weeks old and weighted 23～26 g) were randomly divided into control group,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) group,and therapeutic group of three different concentrations of ATO.All biochemical indicators were analyzed before and after treatment.The pathology of renal tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.The concentration of NKA in renal tissues was detected by ELISA and the concentration of NKA mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The concentration of NKA in SLE group in renal tissue (299±26) pg/g was significantly higher than that of normal control group (122±7) pg/g (P＜0.05).The concentration of NKA in the SLE group in renal tissue was significantly higher than that of three different concentrations of ATO in low-dose group (151±14) pg/g,moderate--dose group (147±9) pg/g and in highdose group (155±14) pg/g (P＜0.05).No difference was found between three different dosages of ATO treatment groups and normal control groups (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences among three different dosages of ATO treatment group (P＞0.05).The side effects in low-dose group were significantly lower than those of moderate and high-dosage groups (P＜0.05).Conclustion NKA concentration expressed in the renal tissues in the SLE group is higher than that in the control group.Decreasing the concentrations of NKA mRNA in renal tissues may be one of the important mechanisms of ATO in treating SLE.Low-dosage ATO is safe and effective to treat SLE and has therapeutic potentials.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Oligodendroglia ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To observe the changes of mononuclear cell (MNCs) apoptosis and the level of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to study the relationship between them. Methods The apoptosis of MNCs in 22 patients with SLE at the active stage and 10 patients with SLE at remission and 10 healthy controls were determined with flow cytometry. The inflammatory cytokines and the adhesion molecules were tested with ELISA method. Results The percentage of MNCs apoptosis in the patients with SLE at the active stage was significantly lower than that of healthy con- trols and the patients with SLE at remission. There was no significance difference of MNCs apoptosis between healthy controls and patients with SLE at remission. The levels of IL- 8, TNF-?, IL- 6 , NO, P- sel and ICAM- 1 in patients with SLE at the active stage were significantly higher than that of healthy controls and the pa- tients with SLE at remission, and the increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in ac- tive SLE patients were negatively correlated to the percentage of MNCs apoptosis and positively correlated to the severity of SLE. Conclusion The data demonstrates that there is a promote apoptotic process of MNCs in active SLE. The high expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules may play an important role of promoting MNCs apoptosis which reduces the functional life span of MNCs. For this reason, modulating the expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules and moderately controlling the apoptosis of MNCs may be a new therapeutic target for SLE treatment.

Background The potential protective effect of ischemia postconditiomng for hypoxia has been determined in many tissues and organs.But its mechanism in retina is still lack.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of ischemia postconditioning on retinal ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods Thirty-six health male Wistar rats were randomized into the normal control group,sham group,ischemia reperfusion group and ischemic postconditioning group.Retinal ischemia reperfusion models were induced by elevating the intraocular pressure to 110 mmHg for 60 minutes,and then the ischemic postconditioning was performed right away,1 minute and 10 minutes after ischemia in the rats of the ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ group,respectively.Electroretinogram (ERG) was recorded in the rats 7 days after operation,and the rats were sacrificed by excessive anesthesia.Retinal specimens were prepared for the histopathological examination.The retinal thickness and the recovery rates of ERG a,b waves and oscillation potentials (OPs) were compared among the groups using ANOVA of SPSS software.Results One day after experiment,the structure of rat retinas was nearly normal.However,retinal edema and vacuolar degeneration were seen in the rats of the ischemia reperfusion group and ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups primarily in the inner plexiform layer (IPL),inner nuclear layer (INL).The retinal thickness values of the entire layer,IPL and INL were significantly higher in the ischemia reperfusion group and ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups compared with the normal control group (all at P＜0.05).Seven days after experiment,the retinas were thinner in the rats of the ischemia reperfusion group than those of the rats in the sham group,but the retinal thickness values in the ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups were significantly increased in comparison with the ischemia reperfusion group (all at P＜0.05).In addition,the recovery rates of ERG a,b,OPs amplitudes were significantly lower in the ischemia reperfusion group and ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups compared with the normal control group (all at P＜0.05).However,the recovery rates of ERG a,b,OPs amplitudes evidently elevated in the ischemic postconditioning Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ groups in comparison with the ischemia reperfusion group (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions Ischemia postconditioning can protect the structure and function of retina from ischemia reperfusion injury.Ischemia postconditioning plays the maximal effect immediately to 1 minute after ischemia reperfusion injury in Wistar rat.

Objective We sought to evaluate the effect of structured health education on quality of life and the end point of patients with coronary disease with evidence-based method.Methods The Cochrane Library,Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR),Medline (OVID),Pubmed and Web of Science were searched to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCT) which mentioned the structured health education to CHD patients,the quality of the RCTs was evaluated by Jadad Score,then effective data were extracted and analyzed by Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.2 software.Results A total of 12 eligible studies of RCT were included in the study with Jadad Score evaluations at B level or above.There were 20 476 cases in the intervention group,14 522 cases in the control group.Meta-analysis showed that the quality of life scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group,weighted mean difference was 3.29,95％ CI (0.49-6.09).No significant difference was found in cardiac morbidity outcomes,re-hospitalization and the mortality rate,relative risk,95％ confidence interval were respectively 0.72(0.50-1.04),0.98(0.86-1.11),0.77(0.58-1.03).Conclusions The structured health education can improve the quality of life of patients with coronary disease,but has no obvious effect on the cardiac morbidity outcomes,re-hospitalization and mortality rate.We suggest transitional care to be carried out in future research to decrease the incidence rates of them.

Animals ; Galanin ; administration & dosage ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Peptide Fragments ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of acupuncture on neuromuscular block of vecuronium and analgesia under general anesthesia.MethodsNinety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 29-80 yr,weighing 50-80kg,scheduled for laparoscopic chotecystectomy,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =30 each):acupuncture at acupoints combined with general anesthesia group (group A),acupuncture at non-acupoints combined with general anesthesia group (group B) and general anesthesia group (group C).Bilateral Hegu (LI4),Neiguan (PC6),Zusanli (ST36),yanglingquan (GB34),and Quchi (LI11) acupoints were selected in group A.In group B,the points adopted were the midpoints between the meridians in which the acupoints were selected in group A and the adjacent meridians on the lateral side,at the level of selected meridian points correspondingly.Electric stimulation was started from 15-30 min before anesthesia induction and continued until the end of operation.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of fentanyl,propofol and vecuronium and maintained with intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.All the patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after operation.The effect time,onset time,clinical duration and recovery index of vecuronium,consumption of anesthetics during operation,and consumption of fentanyl for postoperative analgesia and postoperative adverse reactions were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the elinical duration was significantly prolonged,the consumption of anesthetics during operation and consumption of fentanyl for postoperative analgesia were significantly reduced,and the incidence of nausea was significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ),while no significant changed was found in the effect time,onset time,and recovery index in group A ( P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group B,the amount of fentanyl consumed during and after operation was significantly reduced in group A ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionAcupuncture can prolong the clinical duration of vecuronium,and enhance the analgesic efficacy during and after operation under general anesthesia.

Objective To explore the optimal surgical treatment strategy of advanced gallbladder carcinoma (Nevin Ⅲ - Ⅴ ), with an aim to prolong patients' overall survival. Methods 17 patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma were reviewed. Their preoperative diagnosis, surgical treatment, complications and survival time were studied. Results The diagnosis of advanced gallbladder carcinoma was done using different medical imaging techniques, but incorrect diagnosis still happened. There is a wide range of surgical treatment for advanced gallbladder carcinoma. Controversy still exists as whether lymph node resection should be done. In our patients, 35.3% of the 13a lymph nodes and 23. 5% of the 8 lymph nodes were positive for metastasis, which showed that lymph node resection should be carried out. Extended surgery was sometime required to ensure a R0 resection.The main complications of surgery were intraabdominal infection, bile leakage and paralytic ileus.Conclusion An aggressive surgical approach for advanced gallbladder carcinoma is required to ensure a R0 resection, which contributed to better overall survival.

Objective To compare the clinical and ultrasound features of Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess(KPLA) in dia‐betes mellitus(DM ) patients with different levels of HbA1c .Methods Totally 146 patients with diabetes mellitus of Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses(KPLA‐DM )were divided into three groups on the basis of their levels of HbA1c:complete glycemic controlled (HbA1c≤7% );good glycemic controlled (7% < HbA1c≤9% );bad glycemic controlled (HbA1c>9% ) .The patients′characteristics ,clinical features ,ultrasound features and complications among the three groups were compared .Results Compared with patients in complete glycemic controlled group and good glycemic controlled group ,patients in bad glycemic controlled group had lower onset age and longer length of hospital stay(P<0 .05) ,are more susceptible to underlying diseases such as hyperlipoi‐demia and chronic renal failure(P<0 .05) ,had more life‐threatening clinical crisis ,and had higher infection rate(P<0 .05) .KPLA‐DM could be characterized by patchy ,mass like enhancement echoultrasound image .Patients in bad glycemic controlled group al‐so had higher risk of biliary pneumatosis ,hepatic venous thrombosis and gas‐forming pyogenic liver abscess than other two groups (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The ultrasound image of KPLA has characteristics .The occurrence of hepatic venous thrombosis and gas‐forming observed by ultrasound is associated with bad glucose control in KPLA‐DM patients ,which suggests that there may be oth‐er complications such as metastatic infection .