Objective　To investigate the effect of breast milk and some other kinds of infant foods on the adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa so as to understand the possible protective mechanism of breast-feeding in the intestine of infants. Methods　The adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa were examined by cell culture, bacterial adherence test, light and electron microscopy in the mediums that contain breast milk, cow's milk and formula milk or contain ecal filtrate of the infants fed by breast milk and formula milk respectively. Results　Adhesive index for EPEC to Hela cells was significantly lower in the medium containing breast milk than in control and so did in the fecal medium containing breast fed infants than artificial feeding infants. Conclusion　Breast milk may inhibit the adhesion of EPEC to infant intestine.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the influence of adipose tissue extract on inducing angiogenesis and adipogenesis in adipose tissue engineering chamber in vivo.

METHODS6 months' healthy New Zealand rabbits (n = 64) were picked. The inguinal fat pads were cultured, centrifuged, filtered, and the liquid was called adipose tissue extract (ATE). Two adipose tissue engineering chamber were built in the rabbit's back. A week later, 0.2 ml normal saline (control group, left) and 0. 2 ml ATE (experimental group, right) was respectively injected into the chamber. The contents were evaluated morphometrically, histologically and immunohistochemically 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 7 weeks after injection. 8 rabbits were observed each time. The data regarding the number of the volume of fat flap and blood capillary at each time point were analyzed by paired t test.

RESULTSAfter injection, new tissue volume was significantly increased in the experimental group [(5.12 ± 0.22) ml], compared with that in control group [(4.90 ± 0.15) ml]. Early angiogenesis was also increased after ATE injection and the total number of capillaries reached peak 1 week after injection, which was (72.80 ± 9.67) in experimental group and (51.40 ± 6.09) in control group. In the mid-term of experimental period, earlier adipogenesis appeared in experimental group. In the later period, the outer capsule of the new construction was thinner in experimental group which reduced the suppression of the adipogenesis.

CONCLUSIONSATE can promote the angiogenesis and adipogenesis in the chamber, and reduce the capsule contracturing, so as to induce the large volume of adipose tissue regeneration

Adipogenesis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Adipose Tissue ; chemistry ; physiology ; Animals ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering ; instrumentation ; Tissue Extracts ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome and relative risk factors in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Chongqing city .Methods Totally 1 680 questionnaires from women with perimenopausal syndrome , all the objects were patients who visited gynecology clinic from January 2013 to June 2014 in Chongqing .Results The average men‐arche age was (14 .71 ± 1 .95) years old ;average menopause age was (47 .22 ± 3 .13) years old in 1 680 perimenopausal women . 93 .51% (1 571/1 680) objects were diagnosed perimenopausal syndrome ,mainly presented to be forgetfulness ,sleep disorder ,irrita‐bility ,palpitation ,headache ,hot flashes ,sweating ,loss of libido ,orgasmic dysfunction ,dyspareunia ,colpoxerosis ,bone ,joint and muscle pain ,paraesthesia of skin ,depression .The risk factors were analyzed ,forgetfulness(P < 0 .01) ,sleep disorder(P < 0 .01) , menopause(P< 0 .01) ,normal sex or not(P< 0 .05) ,the attitude of sex(P< 0 .05) ,and the attitude of menopause(P< 0 .05) .Con‐clusion Most women in the period of perimenopausal have the problem with perimenopausal syndrome .The special service should be provided to perimenopausal women ,such as knowledge about perimenopausal and rational hormone replacement therapy .

Objective To explore the significance of the changes of vaginal lactobacilli in normal pregnant women and those with bacterial vaginosis(BV). Methods A total of 309 pregnant women, including 50 pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis, were randomly selected. Lactobacilli isolated from the vaginas of pregnant women were identified by biochemical methods. The distribution of lactobacilli in the vaginas of pregnant women was observed. The ability to produce H 2O 2 and decrease the culture environment PH among four common lactobacilli in the vaginas of pregnant women was also compared. Results The detectable rate of lactobacilli in vaginas of the normal pregnant women was obviously higher than that of women with bacterial vaginosis. The predominant lactobacilli colonizing in the vaginas of the normal pregnant women were L. crispatus and L. acidophilus , most of which could produce H 2O 2. The frequency of H 2O 2 positive isolation in the vaginas of pregnant women was significantly higher than that of BV. Conclusion The study indicates that H 2O 2 positive lactobacilli plays an important role in the protection against vaginal infections in pregnant women.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Sarcoma ; pathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of emodin on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of pancreatic acinar AR42J cells.

METHODRat pancreatic acinar AR42J cells were cultured in 6-well plates, and divided into the normal control group, the model group (with the final concentration at 1 x 10(-7) mol · L(-1) for cerulean and lipopolysaccharide at 10 mg · L(-1)) and the emodin group (10, 20, 40 μmol · L(-1)). Cells in each group were cultured in three multiple pores for 24 h, and their supernate was removed after cell attachment. The normal control group was added with haploids, the model group was added with the modeling liquid for haploids, and the treatment groups were added with different concentrations of emodin at 15-20 min before the modeling liquid. The cells were continuously cultured for 3 h under 37 °C and 5% CO2. Their intracellular protease and lipase expressions were detected with kits. The cellular morphology was observed under optical microscope. The level of calcium in endoplasmic reticulum was measured under laser confocal microscopy. Western blot assay were used to determine the protein expression of ER-related signaling molecules.

RESULTEmodin could significantly inhibit levels of amylase, lipase and intracellular calcium and ER.

CONCLUSIONEmodin could reduce pancreatic acinar cell injury induced by the combination of cerulean and lipopolysaccharide. Its action mechanism is correlated with the inhibition of intracellular calcium overload and ER stress.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; drug effects ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Unfolded Protein Response ; drug effects

Objective:To evaluate the impact of sample pooling strategy on 2019-nCoV RNA detection results.Methods:Ten negative swabs were stored in 6 ml virus transport medium, mixed thoroughly and diluted 1∶2 and 1∶10. Inactivated 2019-nCoV culture medium was added to simulate pooling samples: 10 pooling samples, 5 pooling samples and 1 swab sample. Extraction and amplification were made using three nucleic acid extraction reagents a, b, and c with different extraction methods and systems, as well as five 2019-nCoV detection reagents A-E with various template loading volumes and sensitivities respectively.Results:For the same sample, the Ct values of extracted templates a were 2.10±0.47 and 3.46±0.62 earlier than extracted templates b and c. For samples with identical amplifying, the Ct valves of N and ORF1ab gene of A reagent were 1.16±0.48 and 2.36±0.54 earlier than that of reagent B. Adding nucleic acid of 10 negative swabs to the amplification system lagged the Ct values of reagent A by about 1.36±0.32 Ct, while Ct values of reagent B were not affected. Extracted by regent a, a lag of 1.66±0.39 Ct on average was observed in C, D, and E reagents in detecting pooling samples of ten swabs as compared with one swab sample. When extracting 400 copies/ml pooling samples of ten swabs by reagent a, N gene could be detected by reagents C and E, but not by reagent D.Conclusion:Large amount of extraneous DNA is introduced by sample pooling, which could interfere the effiency of extraction and amplification. Strategies of using extraction reagents with large loading volume and high effiency, together with amplification reagents with large template volume and low limit of detection are helpful for ensuring detection sensitivity of pooling samples, and greatly reducing the risk of false negative results.

The status of marine bioresources and the marine eco-environment issues were summarized and discussed, and the strategies for the development of Chinese marine bioresources in the future were proposed. The degradation of marine eco-environment and unreasonable exploitation of the resources resulted in acute decline of Chinese marine bioresources. The feasible stratagies for the sustainable use of marine bioresources should be to intensify the basic research on marine bioresources science, to strengthen the protection of the marine environment and conservation of marine living resources, and to exploit and utilize marine bioresources scientifically and reasonably by using high-technology including marine biotechnology.

Objective　To investigate the effect of breast milk and some other kinds of infant foods on the adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa so as to understand the possible protective mechanism of breast-feeding in the intestine of infants. Methods　The adhesion of EPEC to Hela cells and intestinal mucosa were examined by cell culture, bacterial adherence test, light and electron microscopy in the mediums that contain breast milk, cow's milk and formula milk or contain ecal filtrate of the infants fed by breast milk and formula milk respectively. Results　Adhesive index for EPEC to Hela cells was significantly lower in the medium containing breast milk than in control and so did in the fecal medium containing breast fed infants than artificial feeding infants. Conclusion　Breast milk may inhibit the adhesion of EPEC to infant intestine.

OBJECTIVETo describe the clinicopathologic features and immunophenotypes of carcinoid tumorlets in the lung with bronchiectasis, and to study the morphogenesis of these tiny tumors.

METHODSThe histopathologic characteristics of 3 bronchiectasis cases with carcinoid tumorlets, 11 bronchiectasis and 2 normal lungs were studied. Specific markers of the tiny tumors and the number of neuroendocrine cells (NECs) in the airway mucosa were immunohistochemically detected by EnVision method.

RESULTSThe tumorlets in the lungs presented as multi-focal nodules and most were displayed only under microscopy. These cells were arranged in clusters and foci of fascicles which were situated in the surrounding bronchial wall and bronchioles adjacent to bronchiectatic lesion, or in the scar tissues. The tiny tumors were consisted of short fusiform cells and small ovoid cells. Their nuclei were circular, oval or long fusiform and the cells were strongly argyrophilic on Grimelius staining. Intensive positive immunostaining for calcitonin, chromogranin A, NSE and gastrin were detected. Weak positive for CK, EMA, S-100 and focal positive for HC, ACTH, 5-HT were also observed. Proliferative NECs in airway mucosa adjacent to the tiny tumors increased significantly in number, compared with those in the airway mucosa of bronchiectasis without tumorlets and normal lungs (P < 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe clinicopathologic features and immunophenotypes of carcinoid tumorlets resemble carcinoid tumors. They are the early stage of carcinoid development. Their development may be related to the chronic pulmonary damage resulting in hypoxia and stimulating the proliferation of NECs. These pulmonary carcinoid tumorlets can be used as a model to study the tumorigenesis of carcinoid carcinoma of the lung.

Adult ; Aged ; Bronchiectasis ; pathology ; Carcinoid Tumor ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Morphogenesis ; Neurosecretory Systems ; pathology