Objective To screen the risk factors of esophageal-gastric fundus variceal bleeding,in order to provide a more economical and less invasive method for predicting esophageal-gastric fundus variceat bleeding. Methods A total of 168 diagnosed liver cirrhosis patients accompanied with ascites and 60 cases of liver cirrhosis patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were enrolled. Followed up for one year, the esophageal-gastric fundus variceal bleeding was observed and analyzed with statistic methods. Results Unconditional single factor logistic regression model analysis indicated that albumin level of ascites, serum-ascites albumin gradients (SAAG), platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), portal vein width, length and thickness of the spleen were independent risk factors,age and serum albumin were protective factors. Multifactor analysis indicated SAAG, APTT, and portal vein width were the independent risk factors, OR was 3.559 , 2.468 and 2. 608 respectively.After building receiver operating characteristic curve, the best SAAG cut-off value was 18.50 g/L, of which the sensitivity was 96.3％ and specificity was 56.3％. Conclusion SAAG has good value in predicting esophageal-gastric fundus variceal bleeding.

Objective To investigate the activation characteristics (contraction velocity, force and anti-fatigue) of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) by using surface electromyogram (sEMG) during isometric and isokinetic quadriceps femoris force tests in knee osteoarthritis. Methods The participants included an observation group (n=34) and a control group (n=34).The age, height, body weight, gender, dominant side and Q angle were matched between the two groups. The participants' quadriceps femoris force and sEMG of VM, RF and VL were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Comparisons were made for recruitment rate, average amplitude, peak torque/bodyweight ratio, index of fatigue by independent-group t-test, with the alpha level set at 0.05 for significant differences between groups.Results ①Recruitment rate of VM in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s, RF in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and VL in isometric contraction at 10°and 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s were all significantly slower in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ②The average amplitudes of VM, RF in isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s and RF, VL in isometric contraction at 10° were significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ③Peak torque/bodyweight ratio of quadriceps was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group in isometric contraction at 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s(P<0.05). ④In isokinetic contraction at 180°/s the index of fatigue was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion A significant decreasing contraction velocity and force, increasing anti-fatigue of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were found in knee osteoarthritis patients when compared with healthy subjects.

ObjectiveTo compare the coordination characteristic of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy subjects. Methods34 patients with knee osteoarthritis and 34 controls with normal knee were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° flexion and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Surface electromyogram (EMG) was recorded in the VM, RF and VL. The activation sequence of muscles and VM/VL EMG ratio were analyzed. ResultsThe VM started significantly later than the VL in isokinetic contraction at 180°/s in patients compared with the controls (P<0.05), and the VM/VL EMG ratio decreased in isometric contraction with knee extension at 10° (P<0.05). ConclusionThe coordination of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis decreases in the knee osteoarthritis patients.

Objective To study the role of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin(rVvhA) induced THP-1 apoptosis and calcium influx.Methods CCK-8 cell proliferation kit,Fluo3/AM staining and AnnexinV/PI staining were performed to identify the apoptosis and calcium influx induced by rVvhA in THP-1 cells.Results rVvhA could induce THP-1 apoptosis and up-regulate the cellular calcium concentration.BAPTAAM could enhance the calcium influx induced by rVvhA in THP-1.Conclusion rVvhA had cytotoxic to THP-1 cells by inducing apoptosis and triggering extracellular calcium influx.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of tumour markers and serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in diagnosis of malignant ascites. Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with ascites, who were admitted to the hospital between Jan. 2005 and Jan. 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into malignant (n = 39) or benign (12 with tuberculosis and 93 with aseptic liver cirrhosis) ascites groups according to the etiology. The distribution of tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9 and CA125) and SAAG in both groups were analyzed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was constructed. Results The tumor markers and SAAG were found both in malignant ascites group and benign ascites group. The concentrations of CEA and CA19-9 in serum and ascites were higher in malignant ascites group than in benign ascites group. The SAAG in malignant ascites group was significantly lower than that in patients with liver cirrhosis (P<0.05), but had no difference in comparison with tuberculosis patients (P>0. 05). There was no difference in level of CA125 in serum or ascites between malignant ascites group and benign ascites group (P>0.05). The area under the curve of ascitic fluid CEA, CA19-9 and SAAG were 0.79, 0.82 and 0.85, respectively. The cutoff values of ascitic fluid CEA, CA19-9 and SAAG were optimally chosen at 1.45 μ/L, 19.50 μ/L and 13. 50 g/L, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 66.7% and 78.1% in CEA, 74.4% and 84.8% in CA19-9, as well as 82.9% and 84.6% in SAAG.The combination of ascitic fluid CA19-9 with SAAG could increase the specificity to 97.14%, but decrease the sensitivity to 61.54%. Conclusion It is feasible to achieve optimum combination of biochemical indicators using ROC in differential diagnosis of malignant ascites from benign ascites.

This paper briefly introduces the research background, combined with the practical of project, analysis the feature of the construction of information collection system of TCM clinics, and puts forward how to use the method of project management in the construction of information collection system of TCM clinics. By exploring the Project Phasing, Work Breakdown Structure, Project Responsibility Matrix, and Project management standard system, it hopes to strengthen the awareness of project management in the construction of information collection system of TCM clinics, and to guide the project management and the system construction.

0bjective To determine the immunogenicities of DNA vaccines expressing tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-neffusion genes(TRIVN) derived from prevalent B', B'/C and AE recombinant subtypes of HIV-1 in China. Methods Two DNA vaccines were constructed by inserting the codon optimized tat-revintegrase(c-half)-vif-nef fusion genes derived from B' and B'/C subtype of HIV-1 into mammalian expression vector pSVI. 0. DNA vaccine containing tat-rev-integrase (c-half)-vif-nef fusion gene derived from HIV-1AE2f has been constructed previously. In vitro expression efficiencies of three DNA vaccines were determined by Western blot and their immunogenicities were compared by immunizing female BALB/c mice. IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was used to read out the specific T cell immunity. Results The constructed DNA vaccines were validated by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Western blot assay showed three constructed DNA vaccines could be expressed at a comparable level in vitro. After vaccination, AE-TRIVN mounted T cell immune responses at (948.0 ± 330.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes, followed by the mixed DNA vaccine[ (500.0 ± 155.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes ], RL-TRIVN r[ ( 195. 1 ± 44.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes ]and CN-TRIVN [ (89.5 ± 17.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes]. Interestingly, we observed that single DNA vaccination induced specific T cell responses predominantly targeting Integrase (C-half) and Vif, whereas the mixed DNA could significantly improve T cell responses against Nef. Conclusion AE-TRIVN was the most immunogenic among the three DNA vaccines and the mixed DNA vaccination could change the immunogenic hierarchy of T cell epitopes across the fusion genes vaccine.

AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of plasma levels of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin (ET-1) in portal veins of the rats during prehepatic portal hypertension, and investigate the role of them in hyperdynamic circulation. METHODS: The models of prehepatic portal hypertension were established in Sprague-Dawley rats by means of partial portal vein ligation (PVL). The plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate (NO - 2/NO - 3) and ET-1 in the portal veins were detected by the method of nitric reductase and radioimmunoassay, respectively. In this study, rats were divided into normal, sham operation (SO) and PVL group. SO and PVL rats were divided into several subgroups according to different time after operations. Meanwhile, the changes of several hemodynamic indexes in these rats were also measured. RESULTS: The levels of NO - 2/NO - 3 were significantly increased and ET-1 were significantly decreased in rats at different time after PVL compared with normal control, whereas the hemodynamic indexes changed accordingly. CONCLUSION: The portal hypertensive rats are in hyperdynamic circulatory state (HCS). NO and ET-1 may play an important role in the induction and maintenance of HCS.

Objective To analyze the research directions and research status of main academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis in the recent 15 years.Methods Articles about TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2015 in CNKI were searched. Articles were screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then publication time and research institutes were under metrology analysis. According to Price Law and comprehensive indexes, core authors were indentified. The NetDraw2.118 social network was applied to establish author co-occurrence matrix, build core author relationship network and screen academic teams. Combined with typical articles, main research fields and research status of main academic teams were analyzed.Results3658 were included from 6365 articles. 33 core authors in the filed of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis were identified, belonging to 5 academic teams with relatively higher academic influence: Wu Huangan team, Shenhong team, Wang Hongxia team, Liu Yihua team and Zhang Yansheng team. Each team proposed unique diagnosis and treatment methods.Conclusion Academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis have inherited and promoted TCM theories and formed unique academic system in clinical practice and research.

arkably increases with the development of cirrhosis,which may play an important role in the development of PHG.AG may remarkably ameliorate the degree of PHG，mainly by inhibiting the expression of iNOS in gastric musosa.