Objective: To observe the effect of ultrasound ablation combined with the balloon angioplasty in treatment of patients with arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity and diabetic foot. Methods: The 60 limbs of 47 patients with arteriosclerosis obliteration of lower extremity (AOLE) were treated comprehensively by anti-infection,enlarging blood vessel, improving circulation,and anticoagulation; they also received ultrasound ablation,balloon angioplasty and stenting. Results: The patent rate of the 60 limbs was 93.3%. One month and 3 months after treatment with ultrasound ablation combined with balloon angioplasty,the MRI of artery of lower extremity,ultrasound manifestation,ankle-brachial index (ABI),the skin temperature of lower extremity and the sense to coolness,numbness,pain,ochrodermia or cyanosed were all improved to some extents compared with those before treatment. The healing of the diabetic foot was also accelerated. Conclusion: Ultrasound ablation combined with the balloon angioplasty and stenting, together with conventional treatment like anti-infection, anticoagulation, enlarging blood vessel, improving circulation, can reopen the occluded blood vessels and improve blood supply, thus provides a favourable condition for treatment of diabetic foot.

Objective:To study the effects of tamoxifen on proliferation and ER expression of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods:HepG2 cells were treated with tamoxifen at different concentration and different action time.MTT was used to determine the suppression rate of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell.The effects of tamoxifen on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell ER performance were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results:Tamoxifen inhibited the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and suppressed human hepatocellular carcinoma cell ER performence.Conclusions:Tamoxifen may suppress human hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation ER performance.

Objective To explore the effects of signaling pathways inducing activation of DC-SIGN promoter on the activity of HIV-1 5'LTR.Methods The sequences of DC-SIGN promoter and HIV-1 5'LTR were amplified by PCR and then cloned into pGL-3/Basic plasmid to constructluciferase reporter plasmids for DC-SIGN promoter and HIV-1 5'LTR.Differentiated THP-1 cells stimulated by PMA (phorbol myristate acetate) were used as the in vitro model of DCs.The activaties of DC-SIGN promoter and HIV-1 5'LTR induced by IL-4 in differentiated THP-1 cells were studied using luciferase reporter plasmids.The signaling pathways were identified by using specific inhibitors.Results IL-4 induced signaling pathways could increase the activities of HIV-1 5'LTR and DC-SIGN promoter for more than two times in THP-1 cells transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids.However,the activity of HIV-1 5'LTR was weaker than that of DCSIGN promoter.ERK/JAK-STAT/NF-κB signal pathway blockers could inhibit the luciferase activity driven by DC-SIGN promoter,of which ERKI/2 blocker showed the strongest inhibitory effect that almost completely blocked IL-4 induction.NF-κB blocker had a significant inhibitory effect on HIV-1 5'LTR activity at a rate of 52.32％,followed by the ERK blocker at a rate of 43.31％.Conclusion This study suggested that IL-4-induced signaling pathways mediate the activation of DC-SIGN promoter and HIV-1 5'LTR through NFκB and ERK.

BACKGROUND: Preliminary study has proven that adult human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) suppress peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation.But the mechanism was still to be investigated.OBJECTIVE: To study the negatively regulatory effect of adult human MSCs on allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation by cell-free condition.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Cytological observation in vitro,which was performed in the Lanzhou General Hospital,Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between October 2005 and December 2007.MATERIALS: The bone marrow sample was provided by the allo-transplantation donor.The peripheral blood lymphocytes were provided by the healthy volunteer.METHODS: Adult human MSCs were separated with Percoll + adherence method.Allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from healthy donors with Ficoll solution and the cell concentration was adjusted as 2×109/L for use.100μ L MSCs culture supernatant was taken out in 96-well plates.The groups were following: A superuatant + 3-day MSCs culture media (100 μ L/well); B superuatant + phytohemagglutini (PHA; 1 g/L,5 μ L); C medium + LG-DMEM culture media containing 10% fetal bovine serum (100 μ L); D medium + PHA (1 g/L,5 μ L).The cells were incubated at 37 ℃ with 5% CO2 in a fully humidified atmosphere for three days.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effect of MSCs supematant on proliferation and transformation of variant lymphocytes.RESULTS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation was suppressed as compared with the blank control group and PHA group after MSCs culture,and the inhibition ratio was 9.00% (P ＜ 0.05).When lymphocytes were stimulated by PHA,the suppression effects were even stronger and the inhibition ratio was 20.91% (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Adult human MSCs supernatant can suppress peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation and transformation; furthermore,PHA can enhance the inhibitory effect,suggesting the negative regulation is at least in part due to indirectly inhibiting lymphocytes via soluble cytokines.

Air ; analysis ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; analysis ; Spectrophotometry ; methods ; Workplace

Objective To assess the applicability of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)formula to kidney function impaired Chinese diabetic patients.Methods Glomerular filtration rates(GFRs)in 463 Chinese diabetic patients(219 female,244 male,aged 14 to 88)were estimated by measuring ~(99m)Tc-DTPA clearance and with equations based on serum creatinine(Scr)and cystatin C(Cys C)concentrations.GFRs derived from various equations were compared with the ~(99m)Tc-DTPA clearance GFRs and their relative accuracies were assessed with ROC analysis.All the Scr measurements were performed with both the Roche enzymatic assay and the Beckman LX20 kinetic alkaline picrate assay,and Cys C with immunonephelometric and immunoturbidimetric assays.Results The reciprocals of Cys C and Scr were linearly correlated with ~(99m)Tc-DTPA clearance GFRs(r=0.830 and 0.690,repectively).The correlation of GFR with Scr could be expressed by an adjusted MDRD equation:GFR [ ml?(min?1.73 m~2)~(-1)]=175?(Scr)~(-1.154)?(age)~(-0.203)?0.742(female)?0.827,where 0.827 was a coefficient for Chinese.The adjusted equation showed a better accuracy than the MDRD equation(areas under the ROC curve 0.818 vs 0.644).The adjusted equation was also more accurate than equations obtained in previous Chinese studies.GFRs were also estimated by using Cys(in mg/L)with the following equation:GFR [ ml?(min?1.73 m~2)~(-1)] = 63.24?(Cys C)~(-0.3378).The accuracy of the Cys equation was similar to the Scr equation,or better in patients aged 60 and above.The Roche enzymatic results which were traceable to the isotope dilution mass spectrometry(IDMS)methods were significantly lower than Beckman LX20 results,but the results were closely correlated with each other(Y = 0.94X-0.02).When non-traceable Scr results were used,the coefficient needed to be adjusted.Conclusions GFRs can be estimated with equations based on either Scr or Cys C.GFR estimation should use standardized Scr results and take into account ethnic effects.

OBJECTIVESTo study the effect of HAART on subsets of T lymphocytes and expression of CD127 on memory and naїve CD4(+) and CD8(+)T cells in pediatric AIDS patients with different viral loads receiving HAART.

METHODA cross- sectional study on 194 pediatric AIDS patients receiving HAART was carried out and 52 age matched healthy children were recruited as controls. The percentage of CD4(+), CD8(+), CD8(+)CD45RA(+)CD127(+/-), CD8(+)CD45RO(+)CD127(+/-), CD4(+)CD45RA(+)CD127(+/-) and CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD127(+/-)T cells was tested using flow cytometry, and HIV-RNA in plasma was detected by quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTThe percentage of memory (CD45RO(+)) CD4(+)T cells decreased to (45.73 ± 8.85)%, and that of naїve (CD45RA(+)) CD4(+) and memory CD8(+)T increased to (60.44 ± 5.01)% and (54.69 ± 7.71) % respectively in the pediatric AIDS patients vs. controls (P < 0.05). The percentage of naїve (CD45RA(+)) CD4(+)T cells of patients with viral load (VL) < 400 copies/ml was (65.57 ± 5.33) %, which was significantly higher than that of patients with VL ≥ 400 copies/ml (P < 0.05).Of patients with VL < 400 copies/ml, the percentage of CD4(+)CD127(+)T cells, especially the subset of memory CD4(+)CD127(+)T cells was (82.35 ± 2.31)%, which was higher than that of patients with VL ≥ 400 copies/ml, but lower than that of controls (P < 0.05). The percentage of memory and naїve CD8(+)CD127(+)T cells was lower than that of controls (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe recovery of CD4(+)T cell subsets in pediatric AIDS patients is associated with viral load. Effective HAART can increase the percentage of naїve CD4(+)T cells and the life of memory CD4(+)T cells.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Adolescent ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit ; immunology ; metabolism ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Viral Load

Objective: To assess changes of liver function in HIV-positive children with/without HBV/HCV co-infection after 1 year of highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HARRT ) . Methods: Seventy-eight pediatric AIDS patients with HBV/HCV co-infection,19 pediatric AIDS patients with HBV co-infection and 44 pediatric AIDS patients without HBV/HCV co-infection who received HAART at least for 1 year were enrolled .HIV-1 viral load was quantitatively detected using a standardized reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay , and blood cells were determined by three-color flow cytometry . Anti-HCV antibody and HBsAg was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent technique , and ALT, AST and TBIL were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer .Results: After 1 year-HAART, the viral load was decreased to the lowest limit of detection in 90 .34% patients ( t=2 .61 , P<0 .01 ) , and CD4 +T cell counts were increased from 170 .187 ±132 .405/μl to 796 .014 ± 158 .491/μl ( t=3 .17 , P<0 .01 ) .The levels of ALT and AST were elevated ( t=2 .02 , P <0 .05 ) , while the ALT and AST levels in patients receiving nevirapine (NVP) based HAART increased from 18.28 ±13.74 U/L and 24.23 ±8.09 U/L to 55.35 ±22.40 U/L and 69.97 ±26.72 U/L, respectively(t=3.80,t=4.11;Ps<0 .01 ) .The increment of ALT and AST in NVP based HAART were significantly higher than that in the efavirenz based HAART (ALT:46.28 ±13.35 U/L vs 37.70 ±15.25 U/L and AST:19.53 ±7.23 U/L vs 1.25 ±0.21 U/L, respectively; t=4.53, t=5 .79;Ps<0 .01 ) , particularly in patients co-infected with HIV/HBV/HCV ( ALT:54 .32 ±22 .85 U/L vs 16 .89 ±14 .42 U/L and AST:41 .71 ±19 .26 U/L vs -3 .44 ±15.59 U/L, respectively; t=3.42, t=2.98, Ps<0.01).Conclusion: HARRT can repress HIV-1 replication effectively , but it also cause the damage of liver function , especially in patients with HBV and/or HCV co-infection.

Objective: To investigate the effects of triptolide on inflammation and apoptosis induced by focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats .Methods: The rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was established according to Longa's method.A total of 80 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control, sham group , DMSO group , middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO ) group , and MCAO with tripolide treatment group .TTC staining was used to examine the site and volume of cerebral infarction , and Longa score was employed for neurological disorders measurement . Number of astrocytes was measured by fluorescence staining , and neuronal apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining .The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ) , cyclooxygenase 2 ( COX-2 ) and NF-κB proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry , and the expression of iNOS , COX-2 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR.Results: Compared with DMSO group and MCAO group , brain edema was improved ( 80 .03 ±0 .46 ) % ( P <0 .05 ) , infarct volume was reduced (8.3 ±1.4)%(P<0.01), Longa score was decreased (1.38 ±0.20, P<0 .05 ) in triptolide treatment group .Meanwhile triptolide also dramatically reduced the number of GFAP-positive astrocytes ( P <0.05 ), alleviated protein expression of COX-2 (91.67 ±1.31), iNOS (95.24 ±5.07) and NF-κB (75.03 ±2.06) triggered by MCAO ( all P<0 .05 ) , and induced a down-regulation of cell apoptosis as showed by TUNEL assay (64.15 ±3.52, P<0.05).Conclusion: Triptolide can reduce the cerebral infarction volume , attenuate brain edema and ameliorate the neurological deficits induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats , indicating that it might be used as a potential anti-inflammatory agent .

Objective To investigate the value of prenatal diagnosis in identifying the etiology and predicting the prognosis of fetal pleural effusion (FPE).Methods Forty-two cases of FPE were recruited in this study from January 2012 to September 2016.Ultrasound scan and genetic tests were performed on all fetuses.Seven fetuses with severe FPE were given pleurocentesis.Pregnancy outcomes of all the fetuses were followed up.Results FPE was commonly accompanied with other abnormalities,such as ascites,hydrops,hydramnion,hygroma colli,abnormal posturing,joint contractures,arrhythmia and micromandible.Chromosomal abnormality was detected in 11 fetuses (26.2％),of which ten were further confirmed by karyotype analysis,including six with 45,X,three trisomy 21 and one trisomy 18,and one was detected with a 9.83 Mb uniparental disomy (UPD) located at 12q24.21q24.31 by gene chip.One fetus was diagnosed with--SEA/--SEA thalassemia.All of the 12 families decided to terminate the pregnancies after genetic counseling.Among the other 30 fetuses,seven with severe FPE and normal karyotype underwent pleurocentesis.Five of the seven cases were with favorable outcomes,one with progressive hydrops was aborted and one neonate with severe hydrops died after birth.Spontaneous regression of FPE with good outcome was found in two cases.Parents of the other 21 fetuses chose to terminate the pregnancies.Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis is important to identify the etiology and predict the outcome of FPE.Chromosomal abnormality is a relatively common cause of FPE,and 45,X and trisomy 21 are the most common abnormalities.Intrauterine intervention is beneficial for FPE without chromosomal or other definite genetic abnormalities.Genetic test may be of great value for pregnant counseling.