Bioterrorism ; classification ; psychology ; trends ; Communicable Diseases ; transmission ; Disease Transmission, Infectious ; prevention & control ; Humans

With the development of minimally invasive surgery,great developments have been made in laparoscopie techniques and digestive endoscopy.However,laparoscopy may cause injury by abdominal puncture,and digestive endoscopy is a painful examination for patients and is difficult to localize the tumor.Magnetic anchor makes use of magnetic attraction in positioning,and it improves laparoscopy and endoscopy by external magnetic field or magnetic handle.Nowadays,combined application of magnetic anchor and laparoscope and endoscope in the treatment of digestive diseases has been accepted by many medical centers,and further researches need to be carried out to realize the aim(small trauma,little pain and quick recovery)of minimally invasive surgery.

Objective To investigate the expression of HIF-1α and survivin in renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) and normal renal tissue ( NRT) and explore the correlation between HIF-1α and survivin expression. Method SABC immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression in 32 cases of RCC and 10 cases of NRT.Results The level of positive HIF-1α immunostaining in RCC(0. 037 ±0. 0182,0. 093 ±0. 0384,respectively) was higher than NRT(0. 008 ±0.0055,0. 014 ±0. 0059, respectively) ( P<0. 05). The level of positive survivin immunostaining in RCC(0. 053 ±0.0179,0. 137 ±0.0291) was higher than NRT( P<0. 05). The expression of HIF-1α and survivin had positive relationship with clinical stage in RCC(0. 029 ±0. 0117,0.070±0.0154)( P <0.05). The expression of HIF-la had relation with survivin in RCC( r = 0. 655, P < 0. 05).Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α was strongly positive correlated with survivin ( r = 1.000,0. 655, P <0. 05).

Objective To discuss the role of nuclear factor kappa B in restenosis after angioplasty.Methods Related literatures of recent 5 years were reviewed.Results Nuclear factor kappa B could lead to hyperplasia of vascular intima which resulted from proliferation and decrease of apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.Conclusion Nuclear factor kappa B plays an important role in restenosis after angioplasty.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the manifestations of hospital irrational drug use.METHODS:By retrieving CNKI full - text data base from 1998 to 2008 with"hospital"and"irrational drug use"as keywords,a total of 23 research papers related to irrational drug use were obtained and which were summarized analytically.RESULTS:The irrational drug use in our hospital manifested predominantly as irrational usage and dosage and unreasonable compatibility of drugs followed by irrational selection of drugs,repeated drug use,non-medical error,and abuse of antibiotics or hormones.CONCLUSION:In view of the above manifestations,it is urgent to take full consideration of the hospital pharmaceutical administration system in China and take multi - sided scientific intervention countermeasures so as to effectively improve the level of rational drug use in our hospital.

Objective To investigate the effects of hawthorn powder, refined konjac flour and their compound on the levels of lipid and NO in plasma of rats being induced to hyperlipidemia by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Methods Fifty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups which were fed with normal diet, high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFD), HFD plus hawthorn powder, HFD plus refined konjac flour, HFD plus hawthorn and konjac compound, respectively. At week 4 and 8, 20 and 30 rats respectively were sacrificed for detecting the levels of lipid and NO in the blood. Results Hawthorn powder, refined konjac flour and their compound could significantly inhibit the increase of blood total cholesterol, triglycerol, VLDL-C, LDL-C induced by HFD and can significantly increase HDL-C and NO in plasma. Conclusion Hawthorn powder, refined konjac flour and their compound have the lipid-lowering effect. The hawthorn and konjac compound has better effects on increasing HDL-D and reducing VLDL-C. So they are beneficial to the prevention of atherosclerosis.

The paper first expounds the features of current ideological and political work in hospitals, viz. the selectivity of the central task, the complexity of customers, the possession of knowledge by the majority of the staff and the openness of their ideology. Then it sets forth 6 methods of conducting ideological and political work in hospitals at present: ①combination of one way inculcation and infiltration in length and breadth; ②emphasis on both practical results and efficiency; ③attention to both poverty relief and self enhancement; ④persistence in both education and strict management; ⑤unity of retrospective summary and perspective study; and ⑥stress on relying on the professional contingent as key members and adopting the operational mechanism of joint control.

With the emergence of new endocrine drugs and the development of research in resistance mechanisms,significant progress has been achieved in the endocrine treatment of breast cancer in recent years. Fulvestrant,the combination of endocrine drugs and the combination of targeted therapy with endocrine therapy will be effective treatments for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive in advanced breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To design an attitude scale for the investigation of the factors that influence prescribing and to promote clinical pharmacists' effective intervention on physician's prescribing behavior. METHODS: The factors influencing physicians' prescribing behaviors were investigated; using psychometric psychological measurement standards to determine the objective and contents of the attitude scale. Question types were appropriately chosen, questions were designed skillfully, and the attitude scale was pre-tested and revised. RESULT & CONCLUSION: A comprehensive, reliable and standard attitude scale is conducive to the rational use of drugs in the clinic.

Aberrations of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling are frequently observed in many types of cancer.Activation of mTOR regulates tumor cell proliferation,survival and metastasis,and then results tumorigenesis and tumor developmet.Blocking the mTOR signaling pathway by rapamycin and its derivatives can inhibit gastric cancer cell growth and promote tumor necrosis and such effects can be synergistically improved by combined use of other chemotherapeutic agents.Thus,rapamyein and its derivatives may be effective in the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.