Fused teeth is defined as the union of enamel and dentin of two or more teeth germs,yielding a single tooth during tooth develop-ment.Their treatment is complex and usually need multidisciplinary approaches.This report presents a case of fused teeth treated by he-misection and discusses the clinical features and treatment options.

PNS (Panax notoginseng saponins) is the main medical bioactive component in Panax notoginseng. The medical value of PNS cannot be extended because of its low production. With the deep study of saponins biosynthetic pathway, the control of PNS biosynthesis through metabolic engineering has gradually become possible. In this study, the Squalene synthase (SS) over-expression vector was established. By the way of agrobacterium-mediated method, the vector was transfered and integrated into the Panax notoginseng genome. The result of the PCR detection and the saponin content detection shows that over-expression SS is able to produce high level of Panax notoginseng saponins, and confirms the regulatory function of SS in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides in Panax notoginseng. It provides a theoretical basis and technical basis for the construction of PNS homologous or heterologous efficient expression system in the future.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of health education intervention on promoting rural residents to join new rural cooperative medical system(NCMS)and their intention of joining NCMS based on Health Belief Model in project areas in Henan and Jilin Provinces.Methods:Quasi-experiment study was used to evaluate intervention impact.Following the evidence-based approach,according to needs assessment,a half-year health education intervention was implemented among farmers in the experimental counties in Henan and Jilin Provinces respectively.A questionnaire survey was conducted among farmers in intervention and control counties before and after intervention,and intervention impact was evaluated by comparing the indicators' changes in intervention and control counties.Results:After health education intervention,the knowledge level of farmers in two intervention counties increased by 29.0% and 37.8% respectively,their scores of perceived threatens of health risk and perceived barriers of joining NCMS among the respondents were decreased.Meanwhile,their score of perceived benefit of joining NCMS were increased,and the rate of willingness to join NCMS increased remarkably in both intervention counties.Conclusion:Health education was effective and helpful in increasing farmer's knowledge,understanding and cognitive level of NCMS,and it should play an important role for the sustainable development of NCMS.

The problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility(EMC) and Electromagnetic Interference(EMI) of medical electric devices are directly related to the medical treatment effect for wounded patients on the health-care train.EMC and EMI problems of medical electric devices in use are studied and analyzed.Suggestions on preventing EMI problems are given to guarantee the normal running of medical electric devices in health-care train.

BACKGROUND:Radiation-induced brain injury has recently become an increasing area of research, in particular in animal experimental studies. Domestic and international researches show that there have been no uniform scanning parameters used for examination of animal models of radiation-induced brain injury by magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, we performed magnetic resonance imaging in rabbits to determine related sequence parameters. OBJECTIVE:To establish the New Zealand rabbit models of radiation-induced brain injury, and obtain the brain magnetic resonance images of rabbits using LOOP7 coil, so as to provide experimental evidence for diagnosis of radiation-induced brain injury by magenetic resonance imaging. METHODS:Each of T2-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility-weighted imaging were performed several times through the use of LOOP7 coil, to determine the optimal scanning parameters for each sequence. Rabbit models of radiation-induced brain injury were established and then their right hemispheres were irradiated using 6 MV X-rays at a single dose of 40, 80 and 120 Gy. The daily performance and dynamic magnetic resonance signs of rabbits were observed. The brain tissue was taken for pathological examination once abnormal magnetic resonance findings were observed or after 20 weeks of folow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Only one rabbit model in the 40 Gy group had subdural hemorrhage. In the 80 Gy group, abnormal T2-weight imaging signals were observed in al rabbit models, which were pathologicaly confirmed as scattered degenerated neurons and infiltrated neutrophils. The abnormal signals that gradualy expanded over time were seen in rabbits from the 120 Gy group by magnetic resonance imaging and were pathologicaly confirmed as radiation-induced brain injury loci. The results confirm that establishing rat models of radiation-induced brain injury using radiation therapy system can better simulate the pathological process of radiation-induced brain injury; moreover, this model can be applied to receive routine magnetic resonance examination with LOOP7 coil.

Objective To explore the effects of nurses′ risk perceptions of occupational HIV exposure and the self-efficacy on their attitudes and behavior of self-protection in nursing care. Methods An anonymous survey was conducted in eligible nurses with self-designed questionnaire in three conveniently selected comprehensive hospitals in Wuhan. Structural equation modeling was applied in the data analysis. Results Risk perceptions exerted positive effects on the attitudes of self-protection. The standardized path coefficient was 0.45 (P=0.009). The attitudes of self-protection and the risk perceptions exerted no impact on the behavior of self-protection (P > 0.05).The impacts of the self-efficacy on the attitudes and the behavior of self-protection was positive. The standardized path coefficient was 0.15(P=0.02)and 0.53 (P<0.01), respectively. Conclusions Risk perceptions exerted positive effects on the attitudes of self-protection. But the attitudes of self-protection and the risk perceptions exerted no impact on the behavior of self-protection. Self-efficacy can improve the attitudes of self-protection and enhance the behavior of self-protection.

Objective To evaluate the femur biomechanical changes of finite analysis with different femoral stem ex-tension implants in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods The full-length femoral CT scan was performed in selected healthy volunteers. The femoral digital model was established with Mimics 10.0 and Geomagic Studio 10.0 software. The models of femoral prosthesis and stem extension implant were created by laser scanner. According to the common three hip loading modes (1 586 N, 1 690 N and 2 132 N), the maximum principal stress (MPS), the maximum principal elastic deforma-tion (MPES) and MPES distribution changes were recorded and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element analysis with ANSYS Workbench13.0 software. Results The MPS values before TKA were 98.54, 147.36 and 143.51 MPa respectively when values of femoral head loading were 1 586 N, 1 690 N and 2 132 N. With the increase in the length of the femoral pros-thesis extension rod, the MPS and MPES showed a decreasing trend. There was a positive correlation between free femur ra-tio (FFR) and MPES (P<0.05). The MPES distribution was gradually concentrated at the top point of femur stem extension implant with the increase in the length of the femoral prosthesis extension rod. Conclusion The values of MPS and MPES were gradually decreased with the increase in the length of the femoral stem extension implant. There was a positive linear correlation between FFR and MPES. The stress concentration was focused obviously at the top end of femoral stem extension implant with its length more than 120 mm.

Objective To compare the efficiency of intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) and autolo-gous transfusion drain on the blood loss after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A total of 124 patients (124 knees) with varus knee osteoarthritis, who were performed TKA,were retrospectively analyzed. Patients included 24 males and 100 females. The mean age was(65.03±6.84)years. Due to the blood loss control method, patients were divided into two groups including TXA application group (test group, n=49) and autologous transfusion drain group (control group, n=75). The data of blood routine examination, blood loss and blood transfusion after TKA were analyzed. Results The blood transfusion rates were 10.20%(5/49) in test group and 17.33%(13/75) in control group 7 days after TKA surgery. There was no signifi-cant difference between two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (HCT) between groups and effects of interaction in the two groups (P＜0.01). There were significantly higher values of RBC, Hb and HCT at 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery in test group than those of control group (P＜0.05).The total blood loss 1 and 3 days after TKA was significantly lower in test group than that of control group (P＜0.05). There was no sig-nificant difference in the blood loss 7 days after surgery between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The single dose intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid is a safe and effective procedure for hemostasis after TKA.

To analyse the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-6 with hyperuricemia in ethnic Uygur,Kazak,and Han in Xinjiang province.1 200 cases of Uygur,Han,and Kazak populations were randomly enrolled.Serum uric acid,triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,fasting plasma glucose,body weigh and height,waist circumference,and hip circumference were measured.Waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index were calculated,and TNF-α,interleukin-6 were determined.The differences between uric acid and inflammatory factors were statistically significant; The differences in TNF-α was statistically significant between high uric acid group and control group in Uygur and Han,and the differences in interleukin-6 was statistically significant between high uric acid group and control group in Uygur,Kazak,and Han(P＜0.01).TNF-α and interleukin-6 were positively correlated with serum uric acid in Uygur,but in Kazak only interleukin-6 was negatively correlated with serum uric acid,in Han only interleukin-6 was positively correlated with serum uric acid(P ＜ 0.01).Hyperuricemia was associated with inflammatory factors,TNF-α,interleukin-6,but there were ethnic differences among Uygur,Kazak,and Han,thus it may provide people of new ideas for prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia and other related metabolic disorders.

Objective To set up a new method,which is sensitive,low cost,rapid and suitable for clinical application for FTO gene rs9930506 variant genotyping basing on high resolution melting (HRM) platform,and to preliminarily put into practice in susceptibility analysis for metabolic syndrome (MS) in Beijing.Methods Unlabelled probe with C3-spacer block specific for rs9930506 variant has been designed according to the Refseq from GenBank.With LC-Green plus dye pre-mixed,we scanned the signal for the genotype analysis after PCR amplification and HRM reaction.Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and PCR-sequencing methods were designed as 2 control genotyping methods for the evaluation of accuracy and convenience.Afterwards,the HRM-based method was put into practice in metabolic syndrome patients (n =500) and control groups (n =500) for rs9930506 genotyping,and primarily study the association between rs9930506 and MS.Results All the 3 methods could genotype rs9930506 appropriately,although the 2 control methods seemed to be a little time-inefficient.The call rate of HRM-method was 100％ and sampling accuracy reached 99.3％ according to sequencing results.In the MS group,AA,AG and GG genotypes were found in 290,185 and 25 cases,respectively.And in the control group,those were found in 344,138 and 18 cases.No genotype distribution difference was detected between control group and HapMap-CHB data (P =0.520 ).The genotype distributions were all in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in each group.AA genotype of rs9930506 seemed to reduce the risk for MS( OR =0.626,95％CI =0.483-0.812).Conclusions The AA genotype of rs9930506 variant in FTO might be a protective factor for MS in Beijing population.The susceptibility related genotyping in clinical samples could be more rapid,precise and inexpensive with the development of HRM in genotyping.