OBJECTIVES: To assess the changes in body composition and nutritional risks faced by children with different stages of acute leukemia (AL). METHODS: Bioelectrical impedance analysis combined with anthropometric measurements was used to detect body composition. This prospective study was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024 at Shandong Provincial Hospital, examining the body composition and physical balance of children with various stages of AL and healthy children. RESULTS: The non-fat components of children with AL and healthy children both showed a linear increase with age. In the younger age group, there were no significant differences in body composition between children with AL and healthy children. However, in the older age group, the body composition of children undergoing chemotherapy for AL was significantly lower than that of healthy children (P<0.05), and muscle mass recovered first after the completion of AL chemotherapy. The proportion of children with increased trunk fat in AL children who completed chemotherapy was significantly lower than that in healthy children (P<0.05), while the incidence rate of severe left-right imbalance in body composition was significantly higher (P<0.05). Muscle distribution in children with AL primarily showed insufficient limb and overall muscle mass, whereas healthy children mainly exhibited insufficient upper limb muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS The body composition of children with AL varies at different treatment stages, indicating that nutritional status is affected by both the disease itself and the treatment. Early screening can provide a basis for reasonable nutritional intervention.
Humans ; Child ; Male ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Body Composition ; Prospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Leukemia/metabolism* ; Infant ; Nutritional Status ; Acute Disease ; Electric Impedance

OBJECTIVE: To identify the underlying mechanism by which quercetin (Que) alleviates sepsis-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were assigned to sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP+Que (50 mg/kg) groups (n=15 per group) by using a random number table. The sepsisrelated ARDS mouse model was established using the CLP method. In vitro, the murine alveolar macrophages (MH-S) cells were classified into control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS+Que (10 μmol/L), and LPS+Que+acetylcysteine (NAC, 5 mmol/L) groups. The effect of Que on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice lungs and MH-S cells was determined, and the mechanism with reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was also explored both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Que alleviated lung injury in mice, as reflected by a reversal of pulmonary histopathologic changes as well as a reduction in lung wet/dry weight ratio and neutrophil infiltration (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Additionally, Que improved the survival rate and relieved gas exchange impairment in mice (P<0.01). Que treatment also remarkedly reduced malondialdehyde formation, superoxide dismutase and catalase depletion, and cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, Que treatment diminished the release of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6 both in vivo and in vitro (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Mechanistic investigation clarifified that Que administration led to a decline in the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in addition to the suppression of ROS expression (P<0.01). Furthermore, in LPS-induced MH-S cells, ROS inhibitor NAC further inhibited ROS/p38 MAPK pathway, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis on the basis of Que treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Que was found to exert anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects by suppressing the ROS/p38 MAPK pathway, thereby conferring protection for mice against sepsis-related ARDS.
Animals ; Sepsis/drug therapy* ; Quercetin/therapeutic use* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/enzymology* ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Male ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects* ; Lung/drug effects* ; Mice ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages, Alveolar/pathology* ; Inflammation/pathology* ; Protective Agents/therapeutic use*

Glutamine provides carbon and nitrogen to support the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the precise reason why cancer cells are particularly dependent on glutamine remains unclear. In this study, we report that glutamine modulates the tumor suppressor F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBW7) to promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. Specifically, lysine 604 (K604) in the sixth of the 7 substrate-recruiting WD repeats of FBW7 undergoes glutaminylation (Gln-K604) by glutaminyl tRNA synthetase. Gln-K604 inhibits SCFFBW7-mediated degradation of c-Myc and Mcl-1, enhances glutamine utilization, and stimulates nucleotide and DNA biosynthesis through the activation of c-Myc. Additionally, Gln-K604 promotes resistance to apoptosis by activating Mcl-1. In contrast, SIRT1 deglutaminylates Gln-K604, thereby reversing its effects. Cancer cells lacking Gln-K604 exhibit overexpression of c-Myc and Mcl-1 and display resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Silencing both c-MYC and MCL-1 in these cells sensitizes them to chemotherapy. These findings indicate that the glutamine-mediated signal via Gln-K604 is a key driver of cancer progression and suggest potential strategies for targeted cancer therapies based on varying Gln-K604 status.
Glutamine/metabolism* ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics* ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics* ; Cell Proliferation ; Signal Transduction ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7/genetics* ; Cell Survival ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Apoptosis

Objectives:To compare the HbA 1c results on capillary electrophoresis (CE), cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Methods:902 normal samples without hemoglobin variants and 83 samples with hemoglobin variants were collected in 2020. The variants were divided into α-chain, β-chain, γ-chain, and δ-chain variants. The 902 samples without hemoglobin variants were measured by CE, CE-HPLC, and MALDI-TOF MS. Three methods were used for measuring α-chain, β-chain, and γ-chain compared with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) reference method. According to the EP9-A3 guideline, Passing-Bablok regression and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) were performed for correlation and consistency, respectively. The imprecision was assessed by coefficient of variance (CV). The mean relative bias was calculated and compared with the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%.Results:All three methods met the acceptance of imprecision requirements (<2%). The R 2 and CCC for the normal samples were all above 0.95 between the pairwise comparison of CE, CE-HPLC, and MALDI-TOF MS. The mean relative bias between MALDI-TOF MS and CE-HPLC was higher than the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%. The R 2 results between CE and LC-MS/MS results of α-chain, β-chain, γ-chain variants were>0.95, and the mean relative biases for γ-chain variants exceeded the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%. A bad correlation ( R2=0.66) for β-chain variants was shown between CE-HPLC and LC-MS/MS and the mean relative biases of all variant samples exceeded 2.3%. MALDI-TOF MS showed good correlations with LC-MS/MS for three groups, and the mean relative biases for γ-chain variants were higher than 2.3%. Conclusion:MALDI-TOF MS and CE-HPLC with CE had good comparability in the measurement of HbA 1c in normal samples, butthe three methods showed interferences from different types of Hb variants and the CE method was affected with less interference.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

To understand the distribution of ticks in the Wuwei Region,enrich tick species data,and provide a basis for the prevention of tick-borne diseases,tick were collected using flagging and tick-picking methods during the highest activity period from April to September in 2021 and 2022 in the mountainous areas of Wuwei City.The ticks were identified based on morpho-logical and molecular biological characteristics,and characteristic sequences were obtained.A systematic evolutionary tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method in MEGA 11.0 software.In total,7 342 ticks collected in Wuwei,which be-longed to 5 species from 4 genera with in the Ixodidae family,which included Dermacentor nuttalli,Hyalomma asiaticum,Ixodes canisuga,Haemaphysalis longicornis and Haema-physalis danieli.Ticks of the same species clustered together into the same branch of an evolutionary tree.In the Wuwei Re-gion,five common tick species are found across various habi-tats,with each habitat featuring different distributions of tick species and populations.The Dermacentor nuttalli is the dom-inant tick species in this area.

Limb preservation techniques of severed limbs play an important role in autologous replantation or allografting. At present, static cold storage (SCS) remains the gold standard for the in vitro preservation of severed limbs, which minimizes oxygen and energy metabolism. However, with a relatively short time window of 4-6 hours, SCS is insufficient for clinical transfer, injury management and other medical resources. To address this issue, researchers have initiated investigations into alternative methods of supplying oxygen and nutrients to severed limbs, leading to the development of mechanical perfusion technology and per-sufflation technology. Mechanical perfusion technology aims to clear metabolic waste and provide essential nutrients by mimicking a physiological state, thereby prolonging the preservation time and improving the outcome of the repair. Per-sufflation technology aims to deliver oxygen directly to the tissue using a vascular system to maintain tissue integrity. With these emerging technologies showing great promise, further exploration and refinement are needed to address their time constraints and complexity in clinical work. Furthermore, for severed limbs that are not suitable for immediate reimplantation, autologous heterotopic parasitism techniques and temporary endovascular shunts offer promising avenues for preservation. Autologous heterotopic parasitism techniques maintain tissue viability by constructing a temporary parasitic environment, while temporary endovascular shunts establish a temporary vascular access at the damaged site to deliver donor blood, thereby maintaining blood flow and promoting repair. Xenogeneic cross-circulation techniques combine recent advances from multiple disciplines and demonstrate remarkable potential; however, they currently face challenges such as ethics, immune rejection, and technical complexity. The combination of these novel techniques has led to a significant advancement in the field of limb preservation and repair. This article aims to provide an overview of the current research status and development of static cold storage, pre-sufflation, mechanical perfusion preservation and temporary ectopic parasitic preservation techniques in limb preservation over recent years, providing information for clinical work, promoting the development of limb reimplantation and transplantation techniques in China and further consolidating China's leadership in the field of amputation reimplantation and allograft transplantation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Xuanfei Yipi Formula,a prescription derived from modified Jianpi Pill recorded in Yi Fang Ji Jie(A Collection of Prescriptions with Expositions),in treating senile sarcopenia with spleen-stomach weakness type,and to observe its effect on chronic low-grade inflammation of the patients.Methods Seventy cases of senile sarcopenia patients of spleen-stomach weakness type were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was given exercise and nutritional guidance,while the observation group was treated with Xuanfei Yipi Formula orally on the basis of the control group,and the intervention time of both groups was eight weeks.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI),grip strength,6-meter walking pace,and the serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in the two groups before and after treatment were observed.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety of the patients in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After eight weeks of treatment,the total effective rate in the observation group was 94.29%(33/35),and that in the control group was 77.14%(27/35),the intergroup comparison(by chi-square test)showed that the efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of TCM syndrome score in the observation group was more obviously than that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After eight weeks of treatment,the ASMI,grip strength and 6-meter walking pace in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment,and the increase of ASMI and grip strength in the observation group was more obviously than that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After eight weeks of treatment,the levels of serum CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α in the two groups were decreased significantly compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of serum CRP level in the observation group was more obviously than that in the control group(P＜0.05).(5)During the treatment,no obvious adverse reactions occurred in both groups,and the safety indexes of liver and kidney functions of the patients were all within the normal range.Conclusion Xuanfei Yipi Formula can improve the clinical symptoms of senile sarcopenia patients,and its mechanism is probably related with the regulation of chronic low-grade inflammation.

Objective To investigate the application of machine learning to predict the hemodynamic parameters of combined stenotic left coronary artery(LCA)aneurysms.Methods Parameterized modeling and simulation based on the geometric parameter range of combined stenosis LCA aneurysms in clinical statistics were conducted.The obtained simulation data was used as the dataset,and two common machine learning models were constructed and trained for optimization to predict two key hemodynamic parameters:wall shear stress(WSS)and pressure.By comparing and analyzing the performances of these models on the training and testing sets,the accuracy of each model was evaluated,and the effectiveness of the data-driven prediction of hemodynamic parameters for LCA aneurysms with concomitant stenosis was verified.Results The effectiveness of machine learning method in inverting the hemodynamic parameters of aneurysms was determined.For WSS prediction,the trained deep learning model and random forest model achieved mean squared error(MSE),mean absolute error(MAE),and determination coefficient R2 of 0.052 8,0.032 2,0.988 3,and 0.078 2,0.046 3,and 0.976 6,respectively.For pressure prediction,the accuracies of the deep learning models and random forest models were comparable,with MSE,MAE,and R2 of 4.67×10-6,3×10-4,0.999 7,and 1.07×10-5,5×10-4,and 0.999 3,respectively.Conclusions Machine learning methods show high accuracy in predicting the hemodynamic parameters of combined stenotic coronary artery aneurysm models.The predictive accuracy of the model,computational efficiency,and needs of the application scenarios need to be considered in machine learning prediction so that the appropriate model can be selected according to the specific situation.This study has clinical significance,helping doctors to more accurately evaluate a patient's condition and provide new ideas and method for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.