50 tracheotomy patients with mechanical breathing were performed respiratory tract control for suitable breathing. Result 5 patients recovered and had spontaneously breathing without respirator in 3~5days, then the trachea cannulas were pulled out in 1~2 weeks. Conclusion effective respiratory tract control may enhance the curative rate and improve patients' life quality.

Objective To observe the effect of Chinese herbal compound Yitangkang on the expressions of advanced glyclation end-products (AGEs) and the receptor of advanced glyclation end-products mRNA(RAGE-mRNA) in rats with diabetic nephropathy(DN),and to discuss the mechanism of the formulas in the treatment of DN. Methods The rat model of DN were established by intraperitoneal injection of strepotozotocin(STZ). After 8 weeks intervention with medications, the expression of renal RAGEs mRNA was detected by Real-time PCR, renal RAGE by immunohistochemistry, and renal content of AGEs by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with normal control group, the expression of renal RAGEs mRNA and RAGEs in diabetic nephropathy rats were increased significantly(P<0.01). Compared with DN group, the expression of renal RAGEs mRNA and RAGEs in three doses Yitangkang groups and western medicine group were decreased significantly(P<0.01). Conclusion Chinese herbal compound Yitangkang could protect kidney of diabetic nephropathy rats,and the mechanism is related to its loweirng renal expression of RAGEs mRNA, RAGEs and AGEs content.

Sox gene family is composed of a class of SRY gene,encoding a series of transcription factors.In the ontogeny,sox genes involved in a variety of development,such as sex determination and differentiation,neural development,cartilage formation.In recent years,researchers found that the abnormal expression of sox gene was related with the development of breast cancer,such as,the overexpression of Sox2 and Sox4 was related with breast cancer; Sox7 and Sox17 in breast cancer could act as tumor suppressor gene,the downregulation of which could activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To understand the subjective perception and influential factors of physical assessment technique in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in the six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 11 items in this questionnaire. The first four were: physical assessment is an essential skill of nurses (88.1%),the importance of continuous learning (84.8%), lack of maturity assessment tools (79.8%), heavy workload,lack of time (60.8%). The result of multiple regression analysis (stepwise) showed that hospital-level and regional were the main factors affecting the subjective perception. Conclusions The development of physical assessment reies mainly on rational allocation of human resources structure, establishing the physical assessment framework, and make sure different departments have their own characteristics and the importance of continuing education.

Objective To understand the application status of physical assessment in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 171 items in this questionnaire,4.0% of them were used regularly, 19.3% used frequently, 76.7% used occasionally. The result of Spearman correlation showed that there was positive correlation between the frequency of physical assessment skills and the subjective needs of nurses, regional, educational background, hospital level. There was also negative correlation with title, age and seniority. Conclusions The main factors lead to imbalance development of physical assessment skills are regional, hospital-level and education background; the assessment skills of specialist hospitals and wards need to be standardized immediately.

Since the first successful establishment of human embryonic stem cell line in 1998,embryonic stem cell research has attracted much attention in recent years.Theoretically,embryonic stem cells are pluripotent 0f in vitro proliferation and in vivo differentiation.which could serve as a promising seed cell source for cell thera PY or tissue engineering.Differentiation of the embryonic stem cells into a certain type of cell still remains a big challenge.Studies regarding chondrogenic ifferentiation have been reported.This article summarizes the chon drogenic process in developing embryo and the currently known factors involved in the in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of embryonic stem cell.Foreground of the study in this field is discussed.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of MRI in injured meniscus of the knee. Methods MRI and arthroscopic findings of meniscus injury(116 menisci)in 49 cases were comparatively analyzed. Results Among 116 menisci of 49 knee joints,MR imaging showed 0 grade in 11, Ⅰ grade in 14, Ⅱ grade in 50, Ⅲ grade in 38(grade Ⅲa in 17 ,grade Ⅲ b in 11,grade Ⅲ c in 10),and Ⅳ grade in 3. Conclusion MRI is of important diagnostic value in meniscus injury of the knee.

The nutritional value of rice germ additive was evaluated by biological method. The experiment was divided into four groups: in the first and second groups the rats were fed with 10% and 20% rice germ additive, the third group as a positive control received 1.1% casein additive, and the fourth was rice germ free group. The main nutrients such as protein, fat and carbohydrate contents in the first three groups were basically equal.The experimental results showed that the growth curve and other criteria of the rice germ additive were as same as the 1.1% casein additive group but 10% rice germ group was slightly better than the 20% group, especially the weights of males were increased more rapidly than the females.At the end of the experiment, no significant differences were found among the four tested groups in hemoglobin contents, weights of cerbrum, spleen and thymus. The data indicated that the nutritional effect of 10% rice germ additive was comparable to 1.1% casein additive. So the rice germ may be acceptable as a new potential source of protein, vitamin and mineral for human and animal foods.

Objective To study the changes of eotaxin expression during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity after endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Expression of eotaxin during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity in 10 patients with type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery was determined by immunohistochemitry and Western blotting. Results At 1-2 weeks after surgery, there was a significant difference in expression of eotaxin (P

Objective To explore relationship of CD44 and transforming growth factor-? 1 (TGF-? 1) in endometriosis (EM) patients. Methods The histopathological changes and the expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 were observed and determined by immunohistochemistry in 17 cases of ectopic endometrium of EM patients and 17 cases of ovarian ectopic endometrium of EM patients. The other 20 cases of non-endometriosis and non-tumorous endometrial tissues were used as the control group. Results No difference in the expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 was found in the ectopic endometrium of EM patients and the control group, but the expressions in the ovarian ectopic endometrium of EM patients were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion The abnormal expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 in ectopic endometrium of EM patients may be associated with the genesis and progression of EM.