Emergency departments of hospitals are exposed to risks of patient complaints and disputes, and the emergency department of a stomatology hospital is no exception. Medical disputes at the emergency department of Peking University Stomatology Hospital, as registered at the department of medical affairs of the hospital in the past ten years, are analyzed with statistical processing. The results are used in studying characteristics of medical disputes frequently found in stomatology emergency cases, for references and recommendations on prevention and avoidance of such disputes in future.

0.05).There was a significant difference in the percentage of malignant calcified nodules between the patients of 45 years and older with those younger than 45 years(39.2% and 69.3%,respectively;P

From the standpoint of training mode,the paper makes an effort to analyze the present situation on Sino-Foreign cooperation in nnning schools in mode of nursing personnel training in Hubei Province,find out the existing problems and put forward the corresponding proposals in order to ensure sustainable development of the Sino-Foreign cooperation in running schools in mode of nursing personnel training.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Troponin I ; metabolism

Arterio-Arterial Fistula ; therapy ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; therapy ; Heart Ventricles ; abnormalities ; Humans

Animals ; Arginine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rabbits

Connexin 43 ; genetics ; Connexins ; genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; genetics ; Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5 ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Child ; Coronary Aneurysm ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; Multiple Organ Failure ; complications ; Shock ; complications

Objective To investigate the effect of hypertriglyceridemic waist(HTWC)phenotype on cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods According to the standard of plasma triglycerides concentration≥1.7 mmoL/L,waist circumference(WC)≥ 90 cm in men or ≥80 cm in women,304 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into four groups:normal triglycerides and waist circumference group(group A,n =65),normal waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia group (group B,n=53),abdominal obesity and normal triglycerides group(group C,n=114),and HTWC group(group D,n =72)for prospective studies.Patients in four groups were surveyed with Mini-mental state examination (MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA).And changes of cognitive function among the four groups were compared.Results Total score for the MMSE was significantly lower in group D than in group A(27.1±1.9 vs.29.0±1.3,F=2.869,P=0.019).The subscales of attention and calculation(4.0± 1.4 vs.4.6±0.9,F=1.605,P=0.047)and recall(2.2± 0.9 vs.2.6±0.6,F=1.959,P=0.043) were significantly lower in group D than in group A.Total score for the MOCA was significantly lower in group D than in group A(23.4±3.9 vs.25.9±3.6,F =1.975,P=0.031).The subscales of visuospatial and executive(3.5 ± 1.4 vs.4.1 ± 0.9,F=1.537,P =0.048),attention(5.1±1.4 vs.5.7±0.9,F=1.660,P=0.048)and orientation(5.6±1.0 vs.6.0± 0.0,F=2.362,P=0.030)were significantly lower in group D than in group A.Conclusions There is a statistically more significant decline in cognitive function in patients with HTWC phenotype and the effective intervention and treatment are needed.

Glutamate as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, participate in initiation and maintaining of sleep and wakefulness. The paper presents an overview of the research progress of glutamate in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness, especially focuses on its role in the brainstem, lateral hypothalamus and basal forebrain. Glutamate in the brain stem regulates the brain activity and maintains muscle tone during the wakefulness, as well as adjusts the electroencephalograph (EEG) in rapid eye movement phase and leads to muscle weakness. Glutamate in the lateral hypothalamus participates in the lateral hypothalamic arousal system by activating orexins neurons. The basal forebrain glutamatergic neurons take part in EEG synchronization and cause the decrease of sleep. Finally,The glutamatergic neurons of the cerebral cortex is not just a target of the arousal system, but itself contribute to regulation of arousal. Meantime, the glutamatergic neurons can regulate sleep stages through interaction with other types of neurons, which forms a complex sleep-wake regulation network in the brain. These indicate that the switches between different phases of sleep and wakefulness have different neuronal circuits.So we also reviewed the neuronal circuits and mechanisms that glutamate may be involved in. This review will help us to get a better understanding of the roles of glutamate in sleep and wakefulness.
Glutamic Acid ; physiology ; Humans ; Sleep ; physiology ; Wakefulness ; physiology