OBJECTIVE:To compare the bioequiavailability of two simvastatin preparations in human bodies.METHODS:A total of 18 healthy male volunteers were enrolled in a randomized crossover study in which the subjects were randomly assigned to receive single dose of 40mg simvastatin orally disintegrating tablet(test) or simvastatin tablets(reference).The plasma concentrations of simvastatin were determined by LC-MS,and the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with 3p97 program.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetics of simvastatin test and reference preparations were fitted the one-compartment model.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two preparations were as following:Cmax:(6.73?5.22) vs.(7.08?5.41)ng?mL-1、tmax:(2.11?0.74)vs.(1.89?0.85)h,AUC0～12:(19.83?19.09)vs.(19.98?18.20)ng?h?mL-1,AUC0～∞:(22.18?20.09)vs.(22.41?21.07)ng?h?mL-1.The relative bioavailability of simvastatin orally disintegrating tabl-et as against simvastain tablet(reference) was (99.25?13.11)%.CONCLUSION:Simvastatin test and reference preparations were bioequivalent.

To address the role of Pr1 gene in the process of Hirsutella sinensis infecting Hepialus gonggaensis, differential expression of subtilisin-like protease gene was detected. In the present study, Pr1 gene analogues from H. sinensis were obtained by PCR strategy using specific primers designed from conserved regions of Pr1 gene reported in the GenBank. Then we detected the changes in the expression of Pr1 gene before and after infecting H. gonggaensis using real-time quantitative PCR. We obtained the partial sequence of Pr1 gene with the length of 535 bp (GenBank accession: KC009680). Real-time PCR results showed that the expression level of Pr1 gene was significantly different among 8 samples (P < 0.01). Pr1 gene showed the obvious higher expression level (2-3 folds) after infecting the H. gonggaensis, suggesting that the Pr1 gene may play an important role in the process of H. sinensis infecting H. gonggaensis. The present study paves a way for further identification on infectivity assessment of H. sinensis.

ObjectiveTo improve the diagnosis and treatment of primary duodenal carcinoma.MethodThe clinical data of 45 patients with primary carcinoma of the duodenum from 1987 to 2000 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultAccording to the site of cancer, tumors around, below and above the duodenal papilla accounted for 64%, 22% and 13% of all cases. The diagnosis rate of duodenoscopy was 71%(15/21). Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 22 cases, segmental duodenectomy in 2 cases, simple tumor resection in 3 cases, gastroenterostomy or choledochojejunostomy in 12 cases and simple laparotomy in 4 cases. In patients of curative resection, the postoperative 3 and 5 years′ survival rate was 41 4% and 23 6%. In those with gastroenterostomy or choledochojejunostomy, the average survival time was 6～15 months. All cases undergoing biopsy only died within six months.ConclusionPrimary duodenal carcinoma mainly occurs around duodenal papilla. The long time survival of Whipple′s procedure is favourable.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of single detection and combined detection of serum NSE ,CYFRA21‐1 , CA50 ,SCC and CEA in the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .Methods The single detection and combined detec‐tion of serum NSE ,CYFRA21‐1 ,CA50 ,SCC and CEA levels were measured in 110 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 101 health controls in our hospital from October 2013 to October 2015 .The detection results were statistically analyzed . Results The positive rate and expression levels of serum NSE ,CYFRA21‐1 ,CA50 ,SCC and CEA in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group were higher than those in the health control group with statistical significance(P<0 .05) .The sensitivity and diag‐nostic efficiency of combined detection of NSE ,CYFRA21‐1 ,CA50 ,SCC and CEA for diagnosing esophageal squamous cell carcino‐ma were 93 .64% and 86 .73% respectively .Conclusion The 5 tumor markers combined detection of serum NSE ,CYFRA21‐1 , CA50 ,SCC and CEA can improve the sensitivity and diagnostic efficiency for diagnosing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma .

Objective: To comparative the mechanical properties of f our kinds of denture resin. Method: The impact strength, f lexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and Brinell hardness of four denture resin materials, Shanghai Shanhu(SH),Shanxi Changzhi(CZ), Luciton 199(LC) and Me liodent(MD), were measured in vitro and the stress-strain curve of each ma terial under flexural force was drawn. Results: The impact strength(kJ/m 2) of SH,CZ,LC and MD were 9.94?2.25,6.55?1.85,13.76?4.31 and 13.70?3.71; flexural strength (MPa) 75.27?3.24,78.88?7.66,80.47?3.27 and 7 6.72?3.14; flexural elastic modulus(GPa) 3.08? 0.15 ,2.96?0.10,2.63?0.11 a nd 2.56?0.12; Brinell hardness(kg/mm 2)24.15?1.34, 23.43 ? 1.65 ,20.86? 1.26 and 18.49?1.71,respectively. Conclusions: Comparativ ely speaking, SH and CZ are rigidit and brittle, LC is rigidit and sturdy, MD is tough and sturdy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of ARB or/and β-blocker in treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Methods95 cases with DCM were randomly divided into 3 groups.ARB group(A,32 cases) was treated with Irbesartan,150 mg/d without adverse drug reaction and then to 300 mg/d weekly; β-blocker group( B,30cases) was treated with Bisoprolol,1.25 mg/d without adverse drug reaction and then to maximal dose weekly; combination group( AB,33 cases) was treated with Irbesartan and Bisoprolol to maximal dose which patients were able to tolerate.The 3 groups were observed for a period of 12 months.ResultsComparing with pretreatment,the results of 6min walk,LVEDd,LVESd,LVEF were improved significantly( all P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences between A group and B group(P ＞0.05),but the differences between combination group and A group or B group were significant( P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionEffect of ARB combined with β-blocker was better than that of ARB or β-blocker alone in treatment of DCM and well tolerated.

Cellular schwannoma is a rare benign tumor of the peripheral nerves.The tumor is consist of spindle cells which arranged in interwoven bundles,and lacking the mesh district and palisading structure.The tumor cells are abundant,with coarse chromatin,deeply stained nuclei and in multiforms.So the tumor may easily be misdiagnosed as various types of spindle cell sarcoma.Intraperitoneal cellular schwannoma may also be mistaken as gastrointestinal stromal tumors.In this article,the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of cellular schwannoma were analyzed based on the clinical data of a patient with cellular schwannoma in the gastric wall misdiagnosed as gastric stromal tumor.

BACKGROUND: Glucose is an important factor on differentiation of pancreatic duct stem cells, it relates to the quantity and secretion function of insulin-producing cells after differentiation.OBJECTIVE: To compare the insulin secretion capacity of the differentiated rat pancreatic stem cells induced by various glucose concentrations.METHODS: Rat stem cells were isolated and purified from pancreatic duct cells using collagenase V and Ficoll-400. These stem cells were randomly divided into 10 groups. Every group was induced to culture, proliferate, differentiate and form insulin- producing cells in vitro. The differentiation of all groups was performed in medium with different concentrations of glucose. The immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the pancreatic duct stem cells. The electrochemical luminescence method was used to detect the insulin release from stem cell differentiated islets.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The stimulation index of glucose 20.6, 25.6, 30.6 mmol/L groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between each two groups among these three groups (P > 0.05). The insulin releasing of glucose 15.6, 20.6, 25.6 groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between each two groups among these three groups (P > 0.05). The best insulin secretion capacity of insulin-producing cells can be gained by controlling concentration of glucose as 20.6-25.6 mmol/L when pancreatic duct stem cells differentiated into insulin-producing cells.

To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism associated with protein C (PC)/protein S (PS) deifciency. Two male patients 29 and 26 years old diagnosed with PC deifciency and/or PS deifciency were retrospectively analyzed and related literatures were reviewed. The most common symptoms were pain in the lower limbs with chest pain or decreased vision. Color dopper lfow imaging (CDFI) showed lower deep venous phlebothrombosis. Multislice CT angiography (CTA) revealed pulmonary embolism. The level of serum homocysteine (HCY) increased and the level of plasma PC/PS content decreased to PC 57.4%, and PS 28.9%in patient 1, while PS 33.4%in patient 2. Poor routine anticoagulant response was observed. After the diagnosis of PC/PS deficiency, vitiamin B6 and B12 anticoagulant therapy was added, and the symptoms in the patients improved significantly. Congenital thrombophilia should be taken into consideration for young patients with lower deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism which occur recurrently without obvious predisposing causes before 40. Plasma PC/PS concentrations or activity help a lot in the diagnosis and treatment.

Small intestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma is poorly differentiated,highly malignant,and originated from the diffuse neuroendocrine system.It diffusely expresses the general neuroendocrine differentiation markers.The disease can be manifested as carcinoid syndrome,but most of the patients were with occult onset and absence of specific clinical symptoms,which led to difficult diagnosis before operation.On June 18,2012,a patient with manifestation of recurrent vague abdominal pain received capsule endoscopy at the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital.The capsule endoscope was retained in the distal small intestine,and malignant ileum lesion was revealed during the surgical exploration.Finally,poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma with abdominal wall metastases was identified by pathological examination.