Objective: To compare the curative effect of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB) in six species from five origins on recurrent asthma in mice. Methods: Eighty one female Kunming mice were randomly divided into nine groups with equal weights, such as model, control, Dexamethasone (DEX, positive control), and six FCB groups. The mice in the model, DEX, and FCB groups were sc injected with ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1, 7, and 14, then challenged with the aerosols of normal saline contained OVA on days 22-28. The mice in DEX and FCB groups were ig administered with DEX (0.6 mg/kg) and FCB (830 mg/kg) respectively for 28 d, and the mice in the control group were given 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose. The surface tension of bronchoalveolar lavage was measured, the lung tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the tracheal stenosis and volume difference of pulmonary alveolus were analyzed by the microphotograph. Results: Compared with the control group, the tracheal stenosis, surface tension, and volume difference of pulmonary alveolus were increased obviously in the model group (P < 0.01). The pathological section revealed vessel wall thickening in bronchiole, inflammatory cell infiltrating, gland hyperplasia, and mucus hypersecretion, but FCB could reverse these pathological changes (P < 0.01). Each FCB had its feature to cure asthma. F. unibracteata and F. delavayi had the most potency on increasing alveolar surfactant; F. unibracteata and F. taipaiensis had the most potency on attenuating tracheal stenosis; F. unibracteata and F. przewalskii had the most potency on relieving the inflammation; F. unibracteata and F. taipaiensis had the most potency on reducing glandular hyperplasia or intimal thickening. Each FCB had its feature to cure asthma, but F. unibracteata was the best. Conclusion: FCB has the best potency to prevent and cure the recurrent asthma in mice, but each FCB has its feature. The diversity of FCB species should be protected.

Based on the demand of nasal drug delivery high drug loadings, using the unique phase transfer of solute, integrating the phospholipid complex preparation and submicron emulsion molding process of Scutellariae Radix extract, the study obtained the preparation of the high drug loadings submicron emulsion of Scutellariae Radix extract. In the study of drug solution dispersion method, the uniformity of drug dispersed as the evaluation index, the traditional mixing method, grinding, homogenate and solute phase transfer technology were investigated, and the solute phase transfer technology was adopted in the last. With the adoption of new technology, the drug loading capacity reached 1.33% (phospholipid complex was 4%). The drug loading capacity was improved significantly. The transfer of solute method and timing were studied as follows,join the oil phase when the volume of phospholipid complex anhydrous ethanol solution remaining 30%, the solute phase transfer was completed with the continued recycling of anhydrous ethanol. After drug dissolved away to oil phase, the preparation technology of colostrum was determined with the evaluation index of emulsion droplet form. The particle size of submicron emulsion, PDI and stability parameters were used as evaluation index, orthogonal methodology were adopted to optimize the submicron emulsion ingredient and main influential factors of high pressure homogenization technology. The optimized preparation technology of Scutellariae Radix extract nasal submicron emulsion is practical and stable.
Administration, Intranasal ; Emulsions ; Plant Extracts ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To examine the role of adenovirus cytotoxic T lymphocytic associated antigen 4(Ad-CTLA4Ig) in treatment of induced Sjogren syndrome(SS) in mice.Methods SS was induced in 30 BALB/c mice by challenging with the mixture of homologous antigen from submandibular gland tissues and complete freunds adjuvant(CFA).Two hours after challenge,Ad-CTLA4Ig was intraperitoneally injected in the experimental mice(n=10),while thymic peptide in control mice(n=10).Morphological changes of submandibular gland,water intake and static total saliva flow rate of each group were observed.Results There was no obvious pathological change in Ad-CTLA4Ig treated group,in which the static total saliva flow rate was significantly higher than that in control groups(P

Objective To explore the role of Orexin in pathogenesisepilepsy and treatment of epilepsy based on the literatures published from 1998 to 2014 at home and abroad.Methods Searched the literatures from the online database including Pubmed,CNKI and Wanfang Datebases in July 2014.The words Orexin,epilepsy,Orexin receptor,epilepsy treatment were used as search terms.Analyze the effect Orexin and its receptors in the occurrence,development and treatment of epilepsy.Results 102 related literatures were retrieved and 30 were adopted into analysis.It was showed Orexin is a kind of excitatory neuropeptides and it can increase the excitability of cerebral cortex.Epilepsy can be induced bv excessive expression of Orexin.Conclusion Excessive expression of Orexin can cause epileptic seizure.Inhibiting the excessive activation of Orexin neurons is of important to control seiznres in clinical practices.

The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory of "treating heart and brain diseases with same methods (Nao Xin Tong Zhi: NXTZ)" has great significance to the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It has been proven effective by a great deal of clinical researches. However, the underlying mechanism for this theory is still unclear. To provide insights into the potential mechanism of "NXTZ", this study attempts to deeply investigate the mechanism from two representative cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebral apoplexy. First, various data resources were integrated to obtain different types of biomedical entities including drugs, targets, pathways and diseases. Then, three different approaches including text mining, biological network and enrichment analysis were utilized to recognize the potential common features between CHD and cerebral apoplexy, and the corresponding functions of drugs which could treat both diseases, thus unveiling the mechanism of NXTZ.
Brain ; drug effects ; Coronary Artery Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Heart ; drug effects ; Humans ; Stroke ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare the biomechanical performance of three different fixation instruments for tibial fractures.Methods Fourteen fresh tibial specimens were made into models of oblique fracture.Seven models were fixed with unilateral axial dynamic fixation(UADF),and seven with limited contact dynamic compression plate(LC-DCP).After biomechanical tests had been done for the UADF group,an extra screw was used at the oblique fracture site to reinforce the fixation with extra limited internal fixation.Each model was tested for its hiomechanical performance in resisting compression,bending and rotation.Results The performance of UADF was significantly poorer than that of LC-DCP and UADF with limited internal fixation in anti-compression,an- ti-bending and anti-rotation(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the rigidity between LC-DCP and UADF with limited internal fixation(P＞0.05).Conclusion UADF with extra limited internal fixation is a recommendable method for tihial fractures because it cart provide the same effective fixation as LC-DCP does.

OBJECTIVE:To determine serum concentrations of western medicines in patients treated with "traditional Chinese antiepileptic medicine" alone and to evaluate the curative effects.METHODS:A total of 60 epileptic patients who visited our hospital between Feb.1997 and June 2006 were subjected to plasma drug level monitoring and during which the patients were treated with "traditional Chinese antiepileptic drugs" alone.Plasma concentrations of 4 kinds of western medicin-es were determined by FPIA.RESULTS:Of the 60 cases,valproic acid,carbamazepine,phenytoin and phenobarbitone were detected in 18,40,41,and 47 cases/times,respectively.On average,more than two kinds of western medicines were detected in every patient,and the blood concentrations were mostly beyond effective plasma drug concentration.The total curative effects were unsatisfactory.CONCLUSION:The fact that western medicine ingredients detected in these traditional Chinese antiepileptic medicines is inconformity with medication principle of epilepsy.Traditional Chinese antiepileptic medicines should be used with caution in the clinic in the treatment of epileptic patients.

Objective To discuss the application of visualization software of CiteSpaceⅢ to the treatment and research of transfusion medicine.Methods The software of CiteSpaceⅢ and the function of the reference database ISI Web of Science itself were used to the study.Results In the past 16 years,paper quantity and cited frequency on transfusion medicine re-search had the wave-like increasing tendency year by year.The research forces of the field were mainly distributed in Europe and the United States,the research hot spot and frontier around the blood safety,change over time in a dynamic develop-ment.Conclusion The study reveals the progress and development tendency of transfusion medicine,which could provide ef-fective reference for related research.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of dental implant by crownless bridge works (CBW). Methods The index of gingival bleeding, the index of tooth loosing and successful rate of dental implant by CBW and common dental implant on 60 rabbit models was investigated on 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12 month. Results The survival rate of dental implant by CBW was higher than that of common dental implant. Conclusion The dental implant by crownless bridge works can reduce the pressure to the bone and improve the successful rate of implant.

Animals ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fetal Heart ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Male ; Zebrafish ; embryology