No abstract available.
Glioblastoma*

Myxoma is a rare nonepithelial neoplasm of the larynx frequently misdiagnosed as a large vocal polyp due to its slow-growing nature. Myxoma is a benign but often infiltrating neoplasm of uncertain mesenchymal cell origin, characterized by irregular round, spindle or stellate cells within a matrix containing abundant mucoid material, scant vascularity and a variable meshwork of reticulum and collagen. We report one case of myxoma with life-threatening dyspnea requiring tracheotomy.
Case Report ; Critical Illness ; Human ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/complications* ; Male ; Middle Age ; Myxoma/complications* ; Respiration Disorders/surgery ; Respiration Disorders/etiology* ; Tracheotomy

Primary oligodendroglioma of the spinal cord is very rare tumor. On searching through the literature from 1931, we could find only about 46 cases, and this tumor is almost absent in Korea on the review of the literature. The authors present a case of 8-year-old female patient with the symptoms of paraparesis, urination difficulty, diffuse back pain and hypesthesia in both lower extremities. Spine MRI revealed the mass at the level of T3-T12, with combined nature of cystic and solid portion. Decompressive laminectomy and partial mass removal was performed, and then adjunctive radiotherapy and chemotherapy was done. The patient was improved after operation with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, so she walks alone and has no voiding difficulty at present(postoperative about 20 months) .
Back Pain ; Child ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Korea ; Laminectomy ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Oligodendroglioma* ; Paraparesis ; Radiotherapy ; Spinal Cord* ; Spine ; Urination

The mortality and morbidity of the intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) has been decreased since the introduction of external ventricular drainage(EVD) and direct intraventricular infusion of urokinase as an effective therapeutic method. In 1989, we already reported a series of 54 cases of IVH treated with simple EVD or EVD with urokinase irrigation in a few cases. Authors analyzed again a series of 50 cases of IVH treated by EVD with direct intraventricular urokinase irrigation after the pervious report. The mortality rate was 55.5% in former occasion, however 18% in this study and the complications were considerably low. We experienced again that the EVD with urokinase irrigation is an effective method and convenient, simple technique in the management of IVH even though there is no ICP monitoring. So we prefer EVD with urokinase irrigation therapy in managing the IVH even if the patient is moribund state.
Drainage* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Infusions, Intraventricular ; Mortality ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of hematoma enlargement in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). METHODS: A series of 214 ICH patients diagnosed by brain CT scan in our neurosurgery department from June 1995 to July 1998 were reviewed with clinical status, past medical histories, laboratory findings, CT findings and prognosis. RESULTS: In 27 patients(12.6%), the second CT scan showed an enlarged hematoma. Age, sex, and site of hematoma were not related to hematoma enlargement. A long interval(>6 hours) between the onset and the 1st CT scan strongly reduced the incidence of hematoma enlargement. The incidence of hematoma enlargement significantly increased in patients with previous history of hypertension, cerebral infarction and ICH. This analysis also demonstrated the following independent factors predisposed to hematoma enlargement: initial high systolic blood pressure, high serum total protein, low serum albumin, low serum sodium, prolonged prothrombin time(>14 sec) and activated partial thromboplastin time(>29.5 sec), irregular hematoma shape, and combined intraventricular hemorrhage. Prognosis in the group of hematoma enlargement showed high mortality(48.1%) and poor outcome. CONCLUSION: Patients with previous history of hypertension, cerebral infarction and ICH, and with high systolic blood pressure, prolonged coagulation time, irregular hematoma shape and intraventricular hemorrhage in CT scan should be observed carefully. And, early surgical therapy of large hematoma and meticulous control of blood pressure may decrease the mortality and morbidity in patients with spontaneous ICH.
Blood Pressure ; Brain ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Prognosis ; Prothrombin ; Risk Factors* ; Serum Albumin ; Sodium ; Thromboplastin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Rerupture of intracranial aneurysms during cerebral angiography is a rare complication and it usually occurs with in 24 hours after initial bleeding. We experienced three cases of aneurysmal rerupture during cerebral angiography, and in each case, angiography was performed after 24 hours from the initial attack. We have noticed extravasation of contrast medium to subarachnoid space or intraventricular space during angiography. In result, two patients died and one patient was disabled moderately.
Aneurysm ; Angiography* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Subarachnoid Space

The authors report a case of symptomatic choroid plexus cyst, located in the trigone of the left lateral ventricle in a 18-year-old man who presented with headache and seizure attack. The cyst was diagnosed by magnetic resonance image(MRI), and was confirmed with surgery. The cyst had no communication with the ventricular system orsubarachnoid space. Total removal of cyst adhering to the choroid plexus was accomplished, with subsequent disappearance of the seizure and headache. A brief review of the literature is included.
Adolescent ; Choroid Plexus* ; Choroid* ; Headache ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Seizures

No abstract available.
Hepatitis C* ; Interferons* ; Polymyositis*

OBJECTIVE: Oculo-cerebral syndrome is an intraocular hemorrhage and related ocular symptoms caused by sudden increase in intracranial pressure. The authors investigate the clinical significance of oculo-cerebral syndrome after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and analyze the characteristics of aneurysms which caused intraocular hemorrhage in order to help the treatment of intracranial aneurysm patients. METHODS: From January 2000 to May 2001, 103 patients were admitted to our hospital and diagnosed as spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. We divided the patients into two groups:81 patients without intraocular hemorrhage(non-IOH) and 22 patients with intraocular hemorrhage(IOH). The authors prospectively analyzed the prognostic factors of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage by chi-square test. RESULTS: The initial neurologic state was poor in the IOH group(p<0.001). The Fisher's grade was higher than non-IOH group(p<0.001), and intracranial hemorrhage was great in the IOH group(p<0.001). The prognosis was poor in the IOH group at discharge(p<0.001). The most common rupture site in the IOH group was the anterior communicating artery(p<0.001). Frontal intracerebral hematoma was specific to intraocular hemorrhage(p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between intraocular hemorrhage and rebleeding(p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The authors suggest that oculo-cerebral syndrome is clinically significant with a poor prognostic factor in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Aneurysm ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Intracranial Pressure ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Rupture ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

A retrospective review of 54 patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms seen over a 5 year period was performed. Among the 252 patients with aneurysms, the incidence of multiple aneurysms was 21.4%. Multiple aneurysms were slightly more common in women with a female to male ratio of 1.35:1. But there was no different ratio for patients with three or more aneurysms. Common clinical features were headache(96%), meningeal sign(83%), and change of consciousness level(52%). The most common Fisher's grade was III(63%), according to brain CT finding. Common locations of multiple aneurysms were the PcomA(35.7%), MCA(24.8%), AcomA(17.8%), and ICA bifurcation(7.7%). However, the aneurismal locations with the highest incidence of rupture were the MCA(53.1%). AcomA(52.1%), basilar bifurcation(50%). The PcomA(34.7%) was the least likely site for rupture. On the distribution of multiple aneurysms according to location, unilateral and midline located multiple aneurysms were 49%. Size was more important than irregularity of the shape in identifying the site of rupture. Most ruptured aneurysms were 5mm or larger in size. Postoperative mortality was 4.4% and the most common cause of postoperative mortality was cerebral vasoapasm.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Brain ; Consciousness ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Male ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture