Phyllosphere and epiphytes have attracted significant interest of more and more researchers by their unique biological characteristics. Progress of research on phyllosphere and epiphytes was summarized in this paper, and the special emphasis was put on the characteristic of phyllosphere, microbial communities, invasion and the location of bacteria on leaf surfaces. Some ideas for further studies on phyllosphere microbes were also proposed.

Objective To investigate possible disturbance of Th1/Th2 immunoregulation of blood serum and bladder mucosa in patients with interstitial cystitis(IC). Methods Blood serum and bladder mucosal specimens were collected from 16 female patients with IC and 16 female normal controis.The age of IC patients was 51.3±10.2 years.The age of normal controls was 53.1±9.6years.The expressions of Th1(IFN-γ,IL-2)and Th2 cytokines(IL-4,IL-10)were determined by enIFN-γ and IL-2 in IC blood serum were(4.57±2.92),(17.52±7.52)pg/ml and in normal blood serum were(4.11±2.27),(20.99±5.09)pg/ml.Such two factors had no significant differences in these two groups.The expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 in IC blood serum were(0.34±0.22),(4.37±2.34)pg/ml and in normal blood serum were(O.14±O.07),(1.18±0.61)pg/ml.Such two factors had sighad no significant differences with normal bladder tissues(IFN-γ:χ2＝1.900,IL-2:χ2＝0.514).The expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 in IC bladder tissues had significant differences with normal bladder tiswere(0.16±0.11)and(2.42±1.27)pg/ml but in high PUF group were(0.53±0.12)and(6.31±1.21)pg/ml.The expressions of these two factors had significant correlations with the degree of PUF,which intensified in the IC of high PUF. Conclusion The expression of Th2 type eytokines is predominant in IC blood plasm and bladder tissues,the expression of Th2 type cytokines in IC blood plasm and bladder tissues has positive correlation with the degree of PUF.

Combining the personal clinical practice, the authors of this article illustrated the basic principle of treating obesity with acupuncture, studied its therapeutic effect evaluation,and demonstrated the idea and approaches in clinical application. In addition, the authors concluded that syndrome differentiation was the treatment principle and correct approach was crucial to the final result.

Objective To explore the clinical features and diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.Methods The data of 60 cases of pulmonary sarcoidosis confirmed by pathology was reviewed to determine the clinical features and the value in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.Results The main clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis included bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.The results of lung function tests showed that these patients had restrictive ventilating obstacles with decreased DLCO.The diagnosis was confirmed in 80% of the bronchial mucosa biopsies and 77.8% of the transbranchial lung biopsies through fiberotic bronchoscopy,87% of the biopsies of peripheral lymphnodes and 87.5% of the subskin nodes biopsies.Conclusion Nonspecific constitutional symptoms may occur in the cases of sarcoidosis.To the diagnosis of intrathoracic sarcoidosis,peripheral lymph nodes biopsies,the bronchical mucosa biopsies and TBLB are the convenient methods with highly definite diagnosis rate and microinvasion in clinical practice.

Glycerol is the main byproduct in ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In order to improve ethanol yield and the substrate conversion, a cassette about 4.5 kb for gene homologous recombination, gpd2Δ::PGK1(PT)-POS5-HyBR, was constructed and transformed into the haploid strain S. cerevisiae S1 (MATa) to replace the GPD2 gene by POS5 gene. The NADH kinase gene POS5 was successfully over expressed in the recombinant strain S. cerevisiae S3. Comparing with the parent strain, the recombinant strain S. cerevisiae S3 exhibited an 8% increase in ethanol production and a 33.64% decrease in glycerol production in the conical flask fermentation with an initiatory glucose concentration of 150 g/L. Overexpression of NADH kinase gene seems effective in reducing glycerol production and increasing ethanol yield.
Ethanol ; chemistry ; Fermentation ; Glycerol ; chemistry ; Industrial Microbiology ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo analyze the mental status of the patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).MethodsSixty IBS patients were evaluated with Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Symptions Check List-90 (SCL-90) and self-edited scale.ResultsThe primary causes of mental disorder of IBS patients were the stress events and lacking knowledge for IBS; the average SAS scores of sixty IBS patients were 52.32±10.19, SDS scores were 54.90±11.70; the average scores of SAS and SDS in the groups of midlife and young people were significantly higher than that in the group of agedness ( P<0.05). The total scores of SAS and SDS were not significantly difference among the patients with different culture level and sex ( P>0.05); except the scores of crankiness and opposition, the average SCL-90 scores of the sixty IBS patients were significantly higher than the normal ( P<0.05).ConclusionIBS relates to mental status and stress, proper mental intervention can ease the symptom and improve the quality of the living.

Objective To explore the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose（18F-FDG）PET-CT and CT in diagnosing bronchioloalveolar carcinoma （BAC）.Methods The PET-CT and CT findings of 15 patients with BAC pathologically confirmed were retrospectively analyzed.Results According to 18F-FDG PET-CT,there was definite diagnosis of malignant in 8 cases（53.3 %）,no exclusion of malignancies in 2 cases （13.3%）,definite diagnosis of benign tumors in 5 cases（33.3%）.The misdiagnosis rate of 18F-FDG PET-CT is higher.According to CT,there was definite diagnosis of malignant tumors in 11 cases（73.3 %）,no exclusion of malignancies in 2 cases（13.3%）,definite diagnosis of benign tumors in 2 cases（13.3%）.Conclusion The false negative rate and the misdiagnosis rate are high when SUVmax as 2.5 was employed as criteria in the diagnosis of BAC.To improve diagnosis accuracy and decrease misdiagnosis of BAC,we should be familiar with the CT images of different BACs and adjust the SUVmax as a diagnosis value.

目的探讨生活事件心理社会因素在老年期抑郁症发病中的作用。方法应用生活事件量表(LES)对100例老年期抑郁症患者及100例正常老人进行对照研究。结果老年期抑郁症生活事件尤其负性生活事件频度及严重度均高于正常对照组;老年期抑郁症患者的生活事件中主要是健康问题和家庭问题。结论心理社会因素是老年期抑郁症发病的重要高危因素

1.0～(?)1.5 cm(14.81%)(P=0.10).There was no lymph node metastasis in tumors less than 1.0 cm in diameter. The 5-year survival rates for cases with or without lymph node involvement were 92.31% and 60.0%,respectively,the difference was significant(P=0.000).The 5-year survival rates of 12 patients showing ground-glass opacity(GGO)on chest CT was 91.67% without any lymph node involvement.Conclusions:There is mediastinal and hilar lymph node involvement even with tumor diameter less than 2 cm.The results of the present study suggested that routine lymph node dissection is necessary even for cases with tumor diameter less than 2 cm.However,if the tumor is within 1.0 cm in diameter with obvious GGO showing on chest CT,these are good candidates for partial resection without mediastinal lymph node dissection.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health management on quality of life of hypertensive patients living in underdeveloped rural regions. Methods Minqin County of Gansu Province was taken as research field, and health education covered all the population. Individual follow-up was adopted by quasi-experiment,and SF-8 scale was used to evaluate the change of scores of quality of life at baseline and the end of the study. Results The score of various dimension of quality life of interventive group showed a significant decrease at the end of follow-up ( P < 0. 05) , and the net score of general health status was 10. 92,the net score of impact to social role exerted by physical function was 9. 59,and the net score of social function was 4.61. Moreover, there was statistical difference between the intervention group and the control group for their quality of life(P <0. 05) , which showed in detail that each dimension of quality of life of the intervention group had higher score than that of the control group, after adjusting baseline difference by analysis of covariance. Conclusions All these results suggest that the active screening, following up and health education, conducted by the primary health care staff of township hospitals, under the idea of health management, can improve the quality of life of hypertension patients effectively in the rural area of underdeveloped region.