OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of cinnabar and realgar in Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNH) -produced neuroprotection against lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) -mediated neuronal damage and further explore the corresponding mechanisms. METHODS Primary rat midbrain neuron-glia cultures were used as an in vitro model to investigate effects of AGNH on LPS-mediated degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons. The experiment was divided into normal control group, LPS model group, LPS + cinnabar (4 and 40 mg·L-1) groups, LPS + realgar (4 and 40 mg·L-1 ) groups and LPS + AGNH (40 and 400 mg·L-1 ) group. Drugs were added 30 min before LPS treatment. After 7 d, dopaminergic neurotoxicity was assessed through the quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons and morphological analysis of TH-positive neurons; the activation of microglia was evaluated using OX-42 antibody; the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in microglia was performed by real-time RT-PCR analysis, and the release of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures was determined respectively by the ELISA and Griess reagent. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, DA neurons in LPS model group decreased by 40% (P <0.05) , microglial activation was induced, the expression of TNF-α mRNA and iNOS mRNA in microglia increased 9 and 2 times, respectively ( P < 0. 05 ) , and subsequent production of TNF-α and NO in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures increased 20 and 30 times, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with LPS model group, AGNH 400 mg·L-1 and realgar 40 mg·L-1 significantly attenuated LPS-mediated DA neuronal loss by 40% and 30% , respectively (P<0.05) and inhibited activation of microglia and expression of TNF-α mRNA by 61% and 52% (P <0.05). iNOS mRNA was reduced by 58% and 51% (P <0.05 ) in microglia. The subsequent release of TNF-α was reduced by 55% and 43% (P<0.05) and NO reduced by 53% and 34% (P<0.05) in the supernatant of neuron-glia cultures. Cinnabar had no inhibitory effect on LPS-induced changes. CONCLUSION AGNH protects LPS-induced neurotoxicity through its anti-inflammatory properties and realgar might be the key contributor to the neuroprotective action of AGNH, while cinnabar fails to show any neuroprotection.

Adult ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Male ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; therapy ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe 125I seed treatment effect and environmental radiation in the treatment of recurrent glioma.Methods 64 patients with recurrent glioma patients,according to the wishes of patients and their families were divided into observation group of 30 cases and a control group of 34 patients.Clinical outcomes and follow-up of 125I seeds around radiation were compared between the two groups.Results The treatment efficiency of observation group and control group was 60.0％ (18/30),and 35.3％ (12/34),respectively,which was statistically significant(x2 =8.39,P ＜0.05).Follow-up from 0 to 6 months,the ambient radiation rapidly decreased as the distance increaseing with the implantation point,radiation dose in a distance of 40cm has been close to the natural basis of radiation dose;125I seeds measured radiation dose continued to decay with increasing time after implantation.Four months later,it was close to the natural basis of radiation dose.Conclusion Conclusion 125I radioactive particles in the treatment of recurrent glioma have good curative effect.The effects of radiation on the surrounding environment crowd are easily protected.

Objective To explore the relation between thyroid nodular and thyroid calcification .Methods The clinical data of 430 cases with nodular goiter admitted from January 2011 to December 2013 were reviewed.All cases were performed ultrasonography and pathologic examination .Results Of 430 cases,there was thyroid carcinoma in 49 cases(11.4%),including microcalcification in 30 cases(61.2%) and macrocalcification in 3 cases(6.1%);benign lesion in 381 cases(88.6%),including microcalcification in 24 cases(6.3%) and macrocalcification in 39 cases(10.2%).The difference was remarkable (P=0.000).There was remarkable difference in malignant calci-fied nodules ratio between the patients with microcalcification and macrocalcification (55.6%vs 7.1%,P=0.000), between the patients aged 45 years below and above(48.8%vs 22.6%,P=0.007),between the patients with solita-ry and multiple nodules(45.0%vs 16.7%,P=0.005).But there was no statistic difference in malignant calcified nodules ratio between the male and female groups (24.2% vs.39.7%,P=0.130).Conclusion Microcalcification is a highly specific sign to predict thyroid carcinoma in ultrasonography exam .Positive intervention will be performed immediately when calcification appears in thyroid nodules .

Objective: To investigate the effect of Sirolimus on vein graft neointima hyperplasia via oral administration compared with local delivery, and find out an effective and safe way to provide support for clinical application. Methods: A rabbit external jugular vein-to-common carotid artery model was established. Twenty-four healthy rabbits were divided into 4 groups at random: blank-control group, F-127 control group, group 3 that received locally applied slow-releasing Sirolimus with F-127, group 4 that received oral Sirolimus (the commercial name Rapamune). The ratio of intima to medium thickness and re-stenosis rate (ratio of lumina to lumina plus intima area) were measured, PCNA positive cells by immunohistochemical staining were detected to indicate the degree of cell proliferation, and apoptosis cells detected by TUNEL. Results: Compared with blank-control group, neointima hyperplasia was inhibited significantly in group 3 and group 4 intima thickness were (90.11?10.99)?m versus (29.38?10.45) ?m, (18.29?9.03)?m, respectively. Re-stenosis rate was reduced (lumina area/ total area ratio were 0. 58?0.11 versus 0.80?0.16, 0.77?0.16, respectively). Proliferation of VSMC was inhibited (cell proliferation indexes were 31.03%?6.80% versus 20.32%?9.19%, 16.22%?5.85%, respectively) and cell apoptosis level raised (cell apoptosis indexes were 16.27%?6.49% versus 33.39%? 7.05%, 33.42%?7.11%, respectively). There was no significant difference between group 3 and group 4. Conclusion: Both locally applied slow-releasing Sirolimus and oral Rapamune could inhibit vein graft neointima hyperplasia; Administration via local delivery was preferred for little side-effect on the whole body. This conclusion provides support for clinical application.

[Summary] Rare diseases are one of the major challenges we face today in the era of precision medicine, because of the low incidence and prevalence, difficulty in diagnosis, lack of sufficient therapeutic methods, as well as their significant impacts on affected individuals, families and the society. Integration of clinical phenotypic and biological omics data and the further analysis are providing a way to illustrate the mechanisms of rare diseases, discovering novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, developing orphan drugs and other therapeutics, and improving clinical outcomes and quality of life for the patients. A nation-wide registry system and the cohorts studies based on the registry are vital to the research of rare diseases. National Rare Diseases Registry System ( NRDRS) of China will provide this essential platform to promote the rare diseases research in China. With the collaboration of 20 leading medical institutes and innovation in medical informatics technologies, this system will, for the first time in China, collect the epidemiological, clinical, socio-economical, genomics and metabolomics data of more than 50 rare diseases and not less than 50 000 cases. As a national strategy for enhancing the development of medical sciences and the improvement of population health in China, NRDRS and its cohort studies will provide the pivotal support to policy making, clinical care, novel drug discovery, patient advocacy, and finally scientific progress in the field of rare diseases.

Objective To study the CT features of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and explore the different CT appearances between AIDS-NTM and AIDS-TB.Methods CT findings of pulmonary NTM disease in 27 AIDS patients (NTM group) were retrospectively analyzed and compared with that of tuberculosis in 30 AIDS patients (TB group).The results were statistically analyzed using Fisher's exact test.Results CT findings of NTM appeared significantly more than that of TB as follows:high-density nodules (n =18 vs 1,P ＜ 0.01),ground-glass opacities (n =10 vs 0,P ＜ 0.01),fibrotic band (n =17 vs 3,P ＜ 0.01),bronchiectasis (9 vs 2,P =0.012).CT findings of NTM appeared significantly less than that of TB as follows:miliary nodules (0 vs 6,P =0.016),air space consolidations (n =2 vs 11,P ＜ 0.01),pleural effusion (n =1 vs 9,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Nodule and fibrotic band companied with bronchiectasis were the main CT manifestations of pulmonary NTM disease in AIDS patients,while air space consolidation companied with pleural effusion and miliary nodules were the predominate CT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in AIDS patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transverse position and numbers on the stability of the spinal pedicle screw fixation during the pedicle cortex perforation. Methods The vertebral compression fracture was performed in the L1 vertebral body using the Chiba's method from 60 fresh thoracic and lumbar vertebrae samples of sheep(T13-L3),which were randomly divided into 6 groups(A,B,C,D,E,and F)using a lottery method. Bilateral pedicles of vertebral arch of T14 and L2 were inserted pedicle screws,connecting titanium rods to fix T14-L2 segments. Then the samples of groups B,C,D,E,and F were removed a quarter of right side of lateral T14 thoracic pedicle cortical,which were considered the pedicle cortex perforation model. Finally,each group was fixed on different numbers of crosslinks:group A(0 crosslink,Intact),group B(0 crosslink,NCL),group C(1 crosslink,1/2 of the rods,MCL),group D(1 crosslink,1/3 of the rods close to T14,PCL),group E(1 crosslink,2/3 of the rods away from T14,DCL)and group F(2 crosslinks,1/3 and 2/3 of the rods respectively,TCL). After all samples were subject to 10 000 times of fatigue test with biomechanics test machines,the axial compressive stiffness,range of the motion(ROM)of the 6 directions(flexion,extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation),and the maximum pullout of the screws of the T14 pedicle cortex perforation were measured and compared among these 6 groups. Results The axial compressive stiffness in groups A,C,D,E,and F was significantly higher than that in group B(all P<0.05),and group A was significantly higher than group F(P<0.05) . The maximum pullout in groups A,C,D,E,and F were significantly higher than that in group B(all P<0.05),and group A was significantly higher than group F and groups C,D,and E were significantly lower than group F(all P<0.05). ROM of flexion,extension,lateral bending,and axial rotation in groups A,B,C,D,E,and F were significantly lower than that in group B(P=0.000),and ROM of left and right axial rotation in groups C,D,and E were significantly higher than in that group F(P=0.000). Conclusions During the pedicle cortex perforation,adding of one crosslink can improve the stability of the pedicle cortex perforation,and adding of two crosslinks can approximately achieve the same stability as the pedicle screw fixation with no pedicle cortex perforation. The location of the crosslink has no obvious effect on the short segment of spinal fixation.

Objective:To study expressions of CD117 and CD34 in the patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL,M3) and in M1-M2 subtype from FAB classification for acute leukemia(AL).The focus of the study would be laid on the clinical significance of CD117/CD34 co-expression in the patients of M3 subtype.Methods:Researched cases of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia(ANLL) were divided into two groups:M1-M2 subtype and M3 subtype.Flow cytometery(FCM) was used to detect the rates of positive expression of CD117 and CD34 on bone marrow mononuclear cell(BMMNC) in 54 patients of M3 and 63 patients of M1-M2 subtype respectively.Meanwhile,we compared the differences between the rates of expression of CD117 and CD 34.And,the rates of CD117/CD34 co-expression in patients of M1-M2 subtype and M3 subtype were studied.Results:Our results revealed that the positive rates of CD117 expression in M1-M2 subtype and M3 subtype were 71.4%(45/63) and 66.7%(36/54) respectively(P=0.58).The positive rates of CD34 expression in M1-M2 subtype and M3 subtype were 66.7%(42/63) and 11.1%(6/54) respectively(P=0.000).The positive rates of CD117/CD34 co-expression in M1-M2 subtype and M3 subtype were 71.1%(45/63) and 7.4%(4/54) respectively(P=0.000).Conclusion:CD117 may be used as immunology marker for leukemia of myeloid origin.CD34 had lower expression in M3 subtype than in M1-M2 subtype.The positive rate of CD117/CD34 co-expression in M3 subtype was significantly lower than that in M1-M2 subtype,which can help for diagnosis of M3 subtype and help differentiate M3 subtype from M1-M2 subtype as well.

Objective To explore the hemostatic mechanism of micron rhubarb charcoal(MRC) for the treatment of gastric ulcer bleeding.Methods Both Kunming mice and SD rats were used as the experimental animals,and were randomized into blank control group,Yunnan white powder(9g?kg-1?d-1)group,and high-,middle-and low-dose MRC(8,4 and 2g?kg-1?d-1)groups,respectively,ig for 6 days.After treatment,bleeding time(BT),coagulation time(CT),and platelet count in mice were detected,and the platelet function and fibrinolytic activity in rats were examined.Results In mice MRC groups,BT and CT were shortened(P