50 tracheotomy patients with mechanical breathing were performed respiratory tract control for suitable breathing. Result 5 patients recovered and had spontaneously breathing without respirator in 3~5days, then the trachea cannulas were pulled out in 1~2 weeks. Conclusion effective respiratory tract control may enhance the curative rate and improve patients' life quality.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of MRI in injured meniscus of the knee. Methods MRI and arthroscopic findings of meniscus injury(116 menisci)in 49 cases were comparatively analyzed. Results Among 116 menisci of 49 knee joints,MR imaging showed 0 grade in 11, Ⅰ grade in 14, Ⅱ grade in 50, Ⅲ grade in 38(grade Ⅲa in 17 ,grade Ⅲ b in 11,grade Ⅲ c in 10),and Ⅳ grade in 3. Conclusion MRI is of important diagnostic value in meniscus injury of the knee.

Objective To understand the subjective perception and influential factors of physical assessment technique in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in the six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 11 items in this questionnaire. The first four were: physical assessment is an essential skill of nurses (88.1%),the importance of continuous learning (84.8%), lack of maturity assessment tools (79.8%), heavy workload,lack of time (60.8%). The result of multiple regression analysis (stepwise) showed that hospital-level and regional were the main factors affecting the subjective perception. Conclusions The development of physical assessment reies mainly on rational allocation of human resources structure, establishing the physical assessment framework, and make sure different departments have their own characteristics and the importance of continuing education.

Thrombosis disease is a common complication of cancer. Researches show that venous thromboembelism ( VTE ) can increase the mortality rate of patients with cancer.Tissue factor (TF) and cancer procoagulant (CP) and other pathological factors are related to VTE.VTE risk factors in cancer patients can be grouped into 3 general categories:patient-related factors,cancer-related factors and treatment-related factors.Assessment of risk factors and early prevention can reduce the incidence of VTE.Immediate treatment and chronic therapy should be performed immediately after the diagnosis of VTE.

The nutritional value of rice germ additive was evaluated by biological method. The experiment was divided into four groups: in the first and second groups the rats were fed with 10% and 20% rice germ additive, the third group as a positive control received 1.1% casein additive, and the fourth was rice germ free group. The main nutrients such as protein, fat and carbohydrate contents in the first three groups were basically equal.The experimental results showed that the growth curve and other criteria of the rice germ additive were as same as the 1.1% casein additive group but 10% rice germ group was slightly better than the 20% group, especially the weights of males were increased more rapidly than the females.At the end of the experiment, no significant differences were found among the four tested groups in hemoglobin contents, weights of cerbrum, spleen and thymus. The data indicated that the nutritional effect of 10% rice germ additive was comparable to 1.1% casein additive. So the rice germ may be acceptable as a new potential source of protein, vitamin and mineral for human and animal foods.

Malnutrition is a common problem in cancer and cancer cachexia is always present in advanced stage,which is responsible for poor prognosis.The mechanism of malnutrition and cancer cachexia has not been well understood.The major metabolism is change of glucose composing rate,glocongenesis and glycolysis to lactate increased,fat mobilization and oxidation accelerated and protein synthesis decreased.

With the methods of light microscopic histochemistry and electron-microscopic cytochemistry, we studied the changes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in the anoxic myocardium of the mice; to which normal saline (INSAM group) or 10％ aqueous extract of Ginsengradix rubra (IGRAM group) was injected before the anoxic experiment. The results were as follows:Ⅰ. The Light Microscopic Study:1. In the myocardial sections of the INSAM group, the reaction of SDH of myofibrillae are variegated and the fibrillae vary in thickness. Granular mitochondria are clearly stained and arranged in alignment in the intermyofibrillar spaces. The intercalated discs fail to be stained and their spaces widen. In the IGRAM group, the reactions of SDH are similar to that of the normal control. The enzyme reaction product in the myofibrillae appear as homogeneous diffuse blue precipitate of formazan, the cross striations of myofibrillae are clear and strings of mitochondria are visible.2. The reactions of LDH in the INSAM group reveals that myofibrillar staining is also lost in a length of myofibrilla, strings of mitochondria are clearly stained. The reaction in the IGRAM group is similar to that of the normal control. In the myofibrillae there is a homogenous continuous violet precipitate of formazan.Ⅱ. The Electron-Microscopic Study:1. The reaction of SDH in the INSAM group shows that the enzyme activity in the mitochondrial inner membrane and the cristae is stronger than that of the normal control. The increased activity is represented by the increase of electronic density or darkening and thickening of the membranes. However, the activity in the IGRAM group is simillar to that of the normal control but weaker in reaction.2. The reaction of LDH in the INSAM group reveals that the enzyme activity exhibited by membrane darkening is obviously stronger than that of the normal control but in the IGRAM group it shows clearly a weaker reaction.The results mentioned above suggest that Ginsengradix rubra might alleviate the metabolic disturbance caused by myocardial anoxia.

As the development of the microsurgical technique,cataract surgery rapidly got good result and visual acuity,and patients had been demanded for higher visual quality.Because of popular surgical equipments,shorter surgical time and better efficiency,some unpractical advertisements appeared.So the medical dispute associated with cataract surgery has been increasing.The factors associated with medical dispute and how to prevent them will be discussed.

Objective To study the changes of eotaxin expression during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity after endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Expression of eotaxin during different phrases of recovery process of mucosa in sinus cavity in 10 patients with type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery was determined by immunohistochemitry and Western blotting. Results At 1-2 weeks after surgery, there was a significant difference in expression of eotaxin (P

Objective To explore relationship of CD44 and transforming growth factor-? 1 (TGF-? 1) in endometriosis (EM) patients. Methods The histopathological changes and the expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 were observed and determined by immunohistochemistry in 17 cases of ectopic endometrium of EM patients and 17 cases of ovarian ectopic endometrium of EM patients. The other 20 cases of non-endometriosis and non-tumorous endometrial tissues were used as the control group. Results No difference in the expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 was found in the ectopic endometrium of EM patients and the control group, but the expressions in the ovarian ectopic endometrium of EM patients were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion The abnormal expressions of CD44 and TGF-? 1 in ectopic endometrium of EM patients may be associated with the genesis and progression of EM.