Background:
Hemodynamic instability can occur with the pain from scalp incision to brain retraction during cranial neurosurgery.
Objective:
To determine the hemodynamic outcomes of patients who received ropivacaine plus lidocaine scalp block.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting:
Southern Philippines Medical Center, Davao City.
Participants:
44 patients given scalp block for cranial neurosurgery.
Main outcome measures
Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and frequencies of tachycardia, hypertension, bradycardia, and hypotension from the time of scalp block administration to 15 minutes after scalp incision (observation period).
Heart Rate
;
Arterial Pressure
Result Analysis
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