OBJECTIVE To prevent and control nosocomial infection in clinical laboratory of health center in small towns.METHODS Hidden danger of nosocomial infection was investigated and analyzed to formulate the strategy of precaution and control.RESULTS Management status in laboratory was not standardized and occurred several administration shortages such as supervising system,precaution consciousness,operating instruction,contamination zonation,medical garbage disposal,etc.CONCLUSIONS Adopting comprehensive management,establishing relevant rules and carrying on standardized administration are essential for prevention and control of nosocomial infections in laboratory of health center in small towns.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical and imageological features of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome(RPLS) during gestation period.MethodsClinical and imageological data of 4 pregnant women with RPLS were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsHeadache, seizure, confusion and visual loss were the mainly clinical manifestations. At MR imaging, the brain typically demonstrated focal regions of symmetric hemispheric edema which may disappear in several weeks. The parietal and occipital lobes were most commonly affected, followed by the frontal lobe cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Three of the four patients suffered eclampsia which happened in two days after delivery.ConclusionThere are distinctively clinical features in posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during gestation period. Most of them are invovled in patients with eclampsia.

In recent years,many investigations manifested that cortical spreading depression was probably the physiologic foundation of migraine aura.The authors reviewd the relationship between migraine aura and cortical spreading depression.

Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that can be fatal if not appropriately managed. Although heat stroke has been recognized as a medical condition for centuries, the pathogenesis of heat stroke is not fully understood. This article reviewed the new advance in pathogenesis of heat stroke.

BACKGROUND: Adriamycin is anthracycline-based drugs of anti-cancer and inhibits many malignant tumors. But due to the large toxicity, it will induce dose-dependent cardiac toxicity, resulting in heart failure in severe case. Compound huangjing oral lipid is against the injury of free radial and is expected to be applied as an assistant therapy for heart failure.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the therapeutic effect of compound huangjing oral lipid and its mechanism on heart failure.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation was designed.SETTING: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Medical Science, Fujian College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Fujian Research Institute of Hypertension from August 2000 to May 2001, in which, 66 rats were employed and randomized into 6 groups, 11 rats in each one.METHODS: In normal group, physiological saline of equal volume was injected abdominally. In adriamycin group, adriamycin 1mg/kg was injected abdominally on the 2nd and 4th days after experiment, 2 mg/kg was injected on the 6th and 8th days, 3 mg/kg was on the 10th and 12th days and 4 mg/kg was on the 14th and 16th days. The dose was accumulated up to 20 mg/kg in 16 days. In adriamycin+compound huangjing oral liquid 2 mL (small-dose group), adriamycin +compound huangjing oral liquid 4 mL (moderate-dose group) and adriamycin+compound huangjing oral liquid 6ml (large-dose group), the oral lipid of various doses was applied for gastric perfusion everyday successively from the beginning of experiment, in which, the dose of adriamycin was same as adriamycin group. In adriamycin+tebonin group (tebonin group), tebonin 450 mg/kg was administrated once every two days, totally for 8 days, in which, the dose of adriamycin was same as adriamycin group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the changes of Left ventricular weight and body weight (LVW/BW), α-MHC (myosin heavy-chain)and β-MHC.RESULTS: In the whole experiment, of 66 experimental animals, 5 rats in adriamycin group, 4 rats in small-dose group, 2 rats in moderate-dose group, 3 rats in large-dose group were died from obvious congestive heart failure, finally, 47 rats entered result analysis. Compared with normal group, in adriamycin group, α-MHC was reduced by 20.88% (P ＜ 0.01), β-MHC was increased by 50.93% (P ＜ 0.01) and LVW/BW was increased by 33.83% (P ＜ 0.01). After medication, myocardial β-MHC was transformed to α-MHC; compared with adriamycin group, α-MHC in every medical group was increased (P ＜ 0.01), β-MHC was decreased (P ＜ 0.01) and LVW/BW was decreased of different degrees (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05); among the above-changes, the results in moderate group were the best.CONCLUSION: Compound huangjing oral liquid alleviates toxicity of heart failure induced by adriamycin, probably due to the dose-dependence improvement of the oral liquid in myocardial α-MHC transformation.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive treatment for liver cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation, and investigate the risk factors affecting the lifespan of patients with liver cancer recurrence and metastasis. Methods Of 29 patients with liver cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation, 11 patients in the comprehensive treatment group were treated by TACE, microwave coagulation, radiotherapy or hepatectomy, and the remaining 18 patients were classified into chemotherapy group. The differences in efficacy between the 2 treatment modalities were compared, and the factors influencing the patients' lifespan were analyzed. Results Compared with patients in the chemotherapy group, patients in the comprehensive treatment group had significantly longer lifespan after liver cancer recurrence and metastasis (t = 5. 617, P < 0.01). TNM staging, pathological classification, time of postoperative recurrence and metastasis and treatment method were the factors that influence the lifespan of patients with liver cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation (t =2.843, 3.061,22.781,5.617, P <0.01). Conclusions Comprehensive treatment could prolong the lifespan of patients with liver cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation. The efficacy of comprehensive treatment is superior to that of the chemotherapy.

Objective To define the functional mechanisms of two NSAIDs , paracetamol and ibuprofen , in specif-ic brain regions in headache control by observing the distribution of Fos -immunoreactive neurons in trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis in conscious rat models of vasculogenic headache .Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group ( saline group ) , acetaminophen group and ibuprofen group .Each rat was given electrical stimulation ( frequency 20 Hz, current 3-5 mA, pulse width 0.25 ms) at 50 minutes after injec-tion .The rats were killed and perfusion fixed after electrical stimulation .Trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the brains were taken out for paraffin sections and immunohistochemical staining , and Fos-immunoreactive neurons were counted under the Image J system .Results After electrical stimulation , there were significant differences of Fos protein expression in bilateral trigeminal ganglia and spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis between the saline group and groups of non -steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , but no significant difference of Fos protein expression in bilateral trigeminal ganglia and spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis between the acetaminophen group and ibuprofen group .Conclusions The changes of Fos expression in bilateral trigeminal ganglia and spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis after treatment with NSAIDs suggest that such structures participate in the pain transmission and expression and the pharmacology course of analgesic drugs .

Objective To inquire into the location of the relevant gene mutations in the Chinese familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, and to specify the correlation between the genotype and the clinical features of this disease. Methods Target-exon PCR and DNA direct sequencing were used to research the mutations in the CACNA1S, SCN4A, and KCNE3 genes of 14 familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis probands. If a positive member was found, the other members of his (her) family must be inspected with the sequencing method. Results The probands of 3 families showed the known correlating mutations of hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, which were R1239H mutations in the CACNA1S in 1 family and R672H mutations in the SCN4A in the other 2 families. In addition, the differences of the age of onset, the responsibility to the treatment with acetazolamide and penetrance were found between the CACNA1S R1239H and SCN4A R672H mutations. Conclusions SCN4A R672H and CACNA1S R1239H mutations exist in the Chinese familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis. Differences of the clinical features exist, resulting from these 2 kinds of mutations.

AIM: To investigate the possible role of prostaglandin, NO and potassium channel in the adaptive blunting of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in the high altitude animal (pika). METHODS: The effect of L-NAME, indomethacin and 4-AP on the response of isolated lung strips of pika and Wistar rats instead of pulmonary artery to acute hypoxia were studied. RESULTS: (1) After inhibition of prostaglandins by indomethacin, the percentage increase in hypoxic constriction in lung tissue strip of pikas was greater than that in Wistar rats[(64.7?50.9)% vs (19.7?14.1)%], P

AIM: To investigate the effect of exercise stress on chronic cigarette smoking-induced downregulation of expression of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BK_(Ca)) and voltage-dependent delayed rectifier potassium channel (Kv1.5) in rat bronchial smooth muscle cells. METHODS: Rats were divided into 3 groups: normal control, smoking control and smoking plus exercise training group. The alteration of airway responsiveness and plasma cortisol level were detected, and potassium channel expression and pathological changes in lung tissue were determined with HE staining, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and Western blot techniques. RESULTS: (1) Cigarette smoking induced an increase in airway responsiveness, smoking plus exercise lead to a decrease in airway responsiveness in contrast to smoking control group; (2) Plasma level of cortisol determined immediately after exercise was higher than that determined before exercise; (3) HE staining showed that there was severe chronic pulmonary inflammatory response in smoking control group, which was slight in the smoking plus exercise group; (4) The protein and mRNA expression of BK_(Ca) in cigarette smoking group were less than that in control group in BSMC, the mRNA expression of BK_(Ca) in exercise group were higher than that in smoking group; (5) The protein and mRNA expression of Kv1.5 in smoking group were less than that in control group in BSMC, and expression of Kv1.5 in exercise group was higher than that in smoking group in bronchioli. CONCLUSION: Proper exercise training can increase the expression of potassium channel BK_(Ca) and Kv1.5, and increase the cortisol secretion, which may contribute to the decreasing of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by cigarette smoking. [