Objective To apply Nutritional Risk Screening-2002(NRS-2002) to perform primary screening for nutritional risk in patients with esophageal cancer who undergo radiotherapy, and assess their nutritional status, and to investigate the value of NRS-2002 in such patients.Methods A total of 97 patients who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer and underwent radiotherapy in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to April 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the difference in survival, and the chi-square test and the Pearson correlation analysis were applied to analyze the correlation between NRS-2002 score and blood parameters.Results Of all patients, 26.8%had nutritional risk before radiotherapy, which gradually increased with the progress of radiotherapy.The 1-year overall survival rates of the patients with NRS-2002scores of ≤3 and ≥4 on admission were 91.1%and 61.9%, respectively (P=0.010).As for the patients with the highest NRS-2002 scores of ≤2 and ≥3 during treatment, the 1-year overall survival rates were 94.2% and 77.5%, respectively (P=0.012).As for the patients with the lowest NRS-2002 scores of ≤3 and ≥4 during treatment, the 1-year overall survival rates were 91.3% and 54.5%, respectively ( P=0.018).The NRS-2002 score was correlated with prealbumin on admission and at week 1 of radiotherapy (P=0.000 and 0.002), and the NRS-2002 score was correlated with albumin at week 3 of radiotherapy (P=0.036).The multivariate analysis showed that the TNM stage of esophageal cancer and the highest NRS-2002 score during treatment were the independent prognostic factors in esophageal cancer (P=0.001 and 0.005).Conclusions The patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy have high nutritional risk, and NRS-2002 score is the independent prognostic factor in these patients and can be used as a tool for primary screening for nutritional risk.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare and analyze the feasibility and long-term efficacy of prostatic capsule-sparing (PCS) and nerve-sparing (NS) radical cystectomy in the treatment of bladder cancer. Methods: From June 2004 to December 2021, our institution treated and followed 145 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with neobladder reconstruction for over a year. These patients were divided into 2 groups: PCS (n=74) and NS (n=71). To minimize potential biases, 1:1 propensity score matching was utilized to compare oncological outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications between the groups. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to evaluate survival differences between the PCS and NS groups. Results: The median follow-up durations for PCS and NS were 155 and 122 months, respectively. After adjusting for propensity scores, a total of 96 patients (48 in each group) were included for further analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves showed no statistically significant differences in metastasis-free probability (P=0.206), cancer-specific survival (P=0.091), and overall survival (P=0.208). The daytime urinary control (UC) rate at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was 72.9%, 91.7%, and 97.9% in the PCS group and 47.9%, 79.2%, and 91.7% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.012, P=0.083, and P=0.362). The nocturnal UC rate was 54.2%, 85.4%, and 95.8% in the PCS group, and 31.3%, 60.4%, and 83.3% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.023, P=0.006, and P=0.091). Regarding erectile function recovery, 62.5% of patients in the PCS group and 22.9% in the NS group returned to preoperative levels (P<0.001). Conclusions PCS outperformed NS in restoring UC and sexual function and did not affect oncological outcomes. However, PCS was associated with a higher risk of complications linked to bladder-neck obstruction.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare and analyze the feasibility and long-term efficacy of prostatic capsule-sparing (PCS) and nerve-sparing (NS) radical cystectomy in the treatment of bladder cancer. Methods: From June 2004 to December 2021, our institution treated and followed 145 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with neobladder reconstruction for over a year. These patients were divided into 2 groups: PCS (n=74) and NS (n=71). To minimize potential biases, 1:1 propensity score matching was utilized to compare oncological outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications between the groups. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to evaluate survival differences between the PCS and NS groups. Results: The median follow-up durations for PCS and NS were 155 and 122 months, respectively. After adjusting for propensity scores, a total of 96 patients (48 in each group) were included for further analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves showed no statistically significant differences in metastasis-free probability (P=0.206), cancer-specific survival (P=0.091), and overall survival (P=0.208). The daytime urinary control (UC) rate at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was 72.9%, 91.7%, and 97.9% in the PCS group and 47.9%, 79.2%, and 91.7% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.012, P=0.083, and P=0.362). The nocturnal UC rate was 54.2%, 85.4%, and 95.8% in the PCS group, and 31.3%, 60.4%, and 83.3% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.023, P=0.006, and P=0.091). Regarding erectile function recovery, 62.5% of patients in the PCS group and 22.9% in the NS group returned to preoperative levels (P<0.001). Conclusions PCS outperformed NS in restoring UC and sexual function and did not affect oncological outcomes. However, PCS was associated with a higher risk of complications linked to bladder-neck obstruction.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare and analyze the feasibility and long-term efficacy of prostatic capsule-sparing (PCS) and nerve-sparing (NS) radical cystectomy in the treatment of bladder cancer. Methods: From June 2004 to December 2021, our institution treated and followed 145 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with neobladder reconstruction for over a year. These patients were divided into 2 groups: PCS (n=74) and NS (n=71). To minimize potential biases, 1:1 propensity score matching was utilized to compare oncological outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications between the groups. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to evaluate survival differences between the PCS and NS groups. Results: The median follow-up durations for PCS and NS were 155 and 122 months, respectively. After adjusting for propensity scores, a total of 96 patients (48 in each group) were included for further analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves showed no statistically significant differences in metastasis-free probability (P=0.206), cancer-specific survival (P=0.091), and overall survival (P=0.208). The daytime urinary control (UC) rate at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was 72.9%, 91.7%, and 97.9% in the PCS group and 47.9%, 79.2%, and 91.7% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.012, P=0.083, and P=0.362). The nocturnal UC rate was 54.2%, 85.4%, and 95.8% in the PCS group, and 31.3%, 60.4%, and 83.3% in the NS group, respectively (P=0.023, P=0.006, and P=0.091). Regarding erectile function recovery, 62.5% of patients in the PCS group and 22.9% in the NS group returned to preoperative levels (P<0.001). Conclusions PCS outperformed NS in restoring UC and sexual function and did not affect oncological outcomes. However, PCS was associated with a higher risk of complications linked to bladder-neck obstruction.

Objective:To investigate effect of reperfusion injury following different ischemic duration on skeletal muscle in rats.Methods:A model of ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) was established by unilateral clamping femoral artery and additional application of tourniquet in skeletal muscle of hind limbs in 35 male Wsitar rats. According to different ischemia time, the animals were assigned to 2-hour ischemia and 24-hour reperfusion (I2R24 group), 2.5-hour ischemia and 24-hour reperfusion (I2.5R24 group), 3-hour ischemia and 24-hour reperfusion (I3R24 group), 4-hour ischemia and 24-hour reperfusion (I4R24 group) and sham group, with 7 rats per group. At the end of reperfusion, gastrocnemious tissues and plasma samples were collected and analyzed. The ratio of wet ∶ dry weight (W/D) was used to measure muscle edema. The assay of 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was conducted to evaluate muscle viability. HE staining was executed to observe histopathological changes. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess the levels of C1q, C3b/c, tissue factor (TF), fibrinogen (FN), bradykinin receptor 1 (BR1), BR2, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, fibrinogen-like protein-2 (FGL-2) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in muscle tissues. ELISA method was used to determine the concentrations of interferonγ (IFN-γ), interleukin7 (IL-7), IL-18, macrophage inflammatory1α (MIP-1α) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in plasma.Results:With prolongation of ischemia time and subsequent reperfusion, tissue edema became severe gradually. The ratio of W/D was 5.3±0.2, 6.1±0.3, 6.9±0.2, 7.6±0.3 in I2R24, I2.5R24, I3R24 and I4R24 groups, higher than that in sham group (4.5±0.1) (all P<0.01). Muscle viability got decreased gradually. Muscle viability was (62.4±3.5)%, (45.3±3.3)%, (35.4±3.4)%, (27.1±5.9)% in I2R24, I2.5R24, I3R24 and I4R24 groups, lower than that in sham group［(93.8±7.2)%］(all P<0.01). Histopathological changes became aggravated gradually. The most severe group was I4R24 group, with the most severe myocyte injury, interstitial edema and extensive inflammatory infiltration, followed by I3R24, I2.5R24 and I2R24 groups in order. There was normal structure integrity and neatly arranged myocyte in sham group. Meanwhile, levels of C1q, C3b, FN, BR1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and FGL-2 got increased gradually. The highest levels for these factors were seen in I4R24 group, followed by I3R24 group, I2.5R24 group, I2R24 group and sham group in order. The rough ratio of the number of positive MPO cells/total cell number under high lens (×200) were increased gradually, with the highest level in I4R24 group, followed by I3R24 group, I2.5R24 group, I2R24 group and sham group in order. However, expression of TF and BR2 were not altered significantly among the groups. Plasma levels of INF-γ, IL-7, IL-18, MIP-1α and MCP-1 elevated gradually with prolongation of ischemia time (all P<0.01). The sequence was the sham group, I2R24 group, I2.5R24 group, I3R24 group and I4R24 groups for levels of these factors from low to high (all P<0.01). Conclusion:Reperfusion after prolongation of ischemia duration can increase the activation of complement, coagulation, kinin and endothelial cells as well as the release of inflammatory factors, and thus aggravate the degree of skeletal muscle tissue injury.