The 40-year experiences in the clinical application of eye acupuncture in our hospital are summarized. The manipulation of needle insertion, withdrawal and puncture procedure is analyzed. The keys of the techniques of eye acupuncture are explained. The basic needling manipulations are determined. In the insertion of needle, professor Peng stressed on the stability, accuracy and fast, without lifting, thrusting, rotating, and opening/closing techniques involved. TIAN Wei-zhu emphasizes the gentle insertion, pain avoiding, apparent needling sensation and needling sensation transmission. In terms of acupuncture operation, skin stretching, patient's attention shifting, quick insertion of needle and slow-down moving of needle body are required. The outside orbit transverse needling method is recommended basically.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Eye ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Needles ; Sensation

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TIEG1 on K562 cell apoptosis and expression of BCL-2/BAX, PTEN. The different concentration(0, 1, 5, 10, 20 ng/ml) of TIEG1 were used to treat K562 cells, the cell growth inhibition rate was detected by using MTT method. After treating K562 cells with 10.00 ng/ml TIEG1, the cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. The RT-PCR was used to detected the expression levels of BCL-2 /BAX and PTEN. The results showed that TIEG1 displays inhibitory effect on proliferation of K562 cells in time-and dose-dependent manner (r = 0.52, P < 0.05) ; after K562 cells were treated for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, the IC50 of TIEG1 were 48.19, 18.72, 9.5 and 3.85 ng/ml respectively. After treating K562 cells with 10.00 ng/ml TIEG1 for 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 h, the apoptosis rate were (2.13 ± 0.42)%, (7.79 ± 0.71)%, (11.17 ± 1.37)%, (24.66 ± 0.29)% and (48.60 ± 1.38)% respectively, and there was significant difference between groups(P < 0.05). In process of K562 cell apoptosis, the expression level of BCL-2 gradually decreased (r = 0.48, P < 0.05), meanwhile the expression levels of BAX (r = 0.69, P < 0.05) and PTEN (r = 0.57, P < 0.05) gradually increased. It is concluded that TIEG1 can indue apoptosis of K562 cells and inhibit K562 cell proliferation in time-and dose-dependent manner. In apoptosis process of K562 cells induced by TIEG1, the expression changes of BCL-2/BAX and PTEN associate with the K562 cell apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective method for the treating of malignant diseases of hematopoietic system or non-malignant proliferative diseases, but the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) limits the success rate of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moreover, chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the main factor affecting the long-term survival rate and life quality of recipient after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this article, the latest research progress of the pathogenesis of cGVHD and related problems are reviewed from the thymus, cytokines, T lymphocyte subsets, B lymphocytes and its secreted antibody.
Chronic Disease ; Graft vs Host Disease ; immunology ; pathology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Transplantation, Homologous

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the major complication associated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the major cause of morbidity and mortality following allo-HSCT. Diagnosis of aGVHD is typically based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by biopsy. Once aGVHD has occurrence, the steroids should be the first choice of treatment. However, if the treatment with steroids failed, the prognosis would be poor. In recent years, the novel strategies for the treatment of aGVHD have been developed. In this article, the clinical features, pathogenesis and novel strategies, including mAb treatment, physical and cell therapies are briefly summarized.
Acute Disease ; Graft vs Host Disease ; therapy ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Transplantation, Homologous ; adverse effects

PURPOSE: This study aims to establish the ability of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and anorectal manometry (ARM) in predicting the need for surgery in patients with fecal incontinence (FI).METHODS: Between 2008 and 2015, PROMs data, including the Birmingham Bowel and Urinary Symptoms Questionnaire (BBUSQ), Short Form 36 (SF-36), Wexner Incontinence Score and ARM results, were prospectively collected from 276 patients presenting with FI. Spearman rank was used to assess correlations between specific PROMs questions and ARM assessments of sphincter motor function. Binomial regression analyses were performed to identify factors predictive of the need for surgery. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to establish the utility of individual ARM and PROMs variables in predicting the need for surgical intervention in patients with FI.RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-eight patients (82.60%) were treated conservatively while 48 (17.39%) underwent surgery. On univariate analyses, all 4 domains of the BBUSQ, all 8 domains of the SF-36, and the Wexner Incontinence Score were significant predictors of surgery. Additionally, maximum resting pressure, 5-second squeeze endurance, threshold volume, and urge volume were significant. On ROC curve analyses, the only significant ARM measurement was the 5-second squeeze endurance. PROMs, such as the incontinence domain of the BBUSQ and five of the SF-36 domains, were identified as fair discriminators of the need for surgery.CONCLUSION: PROMs are reliable predictors of maximal treatment in patients with FI and can be readily used in primary care to aid surgical referrals and can be applied in hospital settings as an aid to guide surgical treatment decisions.
Arm ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Manometry ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Primary Health Care ; Prospective Studies ; Referral and Consultation ; ROC Curve

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of different irradiation doses on the establishment of murine cGVHD model after MHC matched spleen stem cell transplantation. The male mouse BALB/c(H)-2d was totally irradiated with different radiation dose of (60)Co (TBI), then was infused with the same number of splenocytes from MHC matched DBA/2 male mice. After transplantation, the bodyweight, general appearance, hair changes, survival time and pathological damage were observed. The results indicated that compared to the control group (0 Gy) and the 7.0 Gy group, the mice irradiated with 7.5 Gy and 8.0 Gy showed cGVHD symptoms and obvious pathological damage. At the end of experiments (60 d after transplantation), all mice irradiated by 7.5 Gy survived while only 60% animals survived in the 8.0 Gy group. It is concluded that under infusion of 10(8) MHC matched splenocytes per mouse, 7.5 Gy irradiation is appropriate to efficiently establish cGVHD model. This study laid an important foundation for further studying the pathogenesis, biological characteristics, and intervention factors of cGVHD.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft Survival ; radiation effects ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Radiation Dosage ; Spleen ; cytology ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Whole-Body Irradiation

ObjectiveTo screen out the main targets and related signaling pathways of the herbal pair Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix in treating breast cancer based on network pharmacology and verify their action mechanism in in vitro experiments. MethodThe main chemical components and related targets of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and the target genes related to breast cancer from GeneCards. Following the screening of the common targets of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix and breast cancer using Venn， the Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix-breast cancer network and protein-protein interaction （PPI） network were constructed. The effective targets were then subjected to gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis. The resulting outcomes were then verified by cell counting kit （CCK）-8 assay， flow cytometry， and Western blot. ResultThe screening yielded seven effective components and 61 targets of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix， among which 55 targets were involved in breast cancer. The GO analysis revealed 832 entries， which were mainly enriched in the biological processes. According to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis， 85 signaling pathways were obtained， including tumor suppressor p53， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt）. It was verified in in vitro experiments that the alcohol extract of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix inhibited the proliferation of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and induced their apoptosis. Compared with the blank control group and the dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO， 0.1% solvent） group， the medication groups exhibited obviously decreased absorbance in MDA-MB-231 cells （P<0.01） and increased apoptosis rate （P<0.01）. The results of Western blot demonstrated that compared with the blank control group and the DMSO group， each medication significantly reduced the phosphorylated （p）-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt in cells （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe ethanol extract of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus-Rhapontici Radix effectively inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and induces their apoptosis， which may be related to the inhibition of the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H3N2) viruses in the city of Xiangyang in 2022-2023, and to provide a scientific basis for predicting the epidemic and mutation of influenza virus. Methods Throat swab specimens of the influenza like cases were collected from national influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals in Xiangyang every week. RNA was extracted from the specimens for influenza diagnosing using real-time RT-PCR．Viruses were isolated from H3N2 positive specimens, and HA and NA genes were amplified and sequenced．3D modeling analyses were conducted. Results The gene phylogenetic tree showed that the H3N2 isolates in 2022-2023 belonged to 3C.2a1b.2a1 and 3C.2a1b.2a2 branches, respectively. The A(H3N2) influenza virus strains all had amino acid point mutation sites on important antigenic determinants of HA protein. The epitope mutations of the 2022 A(H3N2) strain mainly occurred in regions B, C, and D. The epitope mutations of the A(H3N2) strain in 2023 mainly occurred in regions C and D. Different glycosylation sites of HA gene were found in 2022-2023 strains. No variation was found in key amino acid sites associated with neuraminidase inhibitor resistance. The difference of overall structure was not obvious in the three-dimensional simulation structure diagram. Conclusion The A(H3N2) influenza strains isolated in this study have shown antigenic drift, especially the mutation of HA, which may affect the protective effect of the vaccine on the local population and lead to influenza epidemic. The variations of HA and NA suggest that close attention should be paid to the epidemic and genetic variation of H3N2 subtype influenza virus, to provide a scientific basis for the selection of influenza virus vaccine strains and the prevention and control of influenza.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of using indocyanine green angiography in mapping the superficial temporal vessels and assisting design and harvesting of the superficial temporal artery based forehead flap. METHODS: A clinical data of 14 patients with facial soft tissue defects repaired with superficial temporal artery based forehead flaps between October 2015 and November 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 9 males and 5 females with a median age of 9.5 years (range, 3-38 years). The forehead flaps were used to reconstruct facial soft tissue defects following excision of facial scar (8 cases) or congenital melanocyte nevus (6 cases). The size of defects ranged from 3 cm×2 cm to 24 cm×9 cm. Before operation, the indocyanine green angiography was used to map the superficial temporal artery and vein, and to analyze the relationship of the arteries and veins. The forehead flaps with unilateral superficial temporal fascia as the pedicle was transferred to repair the small facial defect in 2 cases. The facial pedicle contained the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery and 2 cm of the superficial temporal fascia around the vessel, and the tiny accompanying vein of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery was used as the outflow of the flap. The forehead flaps with the skin pedicle including bilateral or unilateral superficial temporal fascia and the overlying skin was pre-expanded and transferred to repair the large facial defect in 12 cases. The skin pedicle contained the frontal branch of superficial temporal artery and one of main branches of superficial temporal vein. Among the 12 cases, the frontal branch of superficial temporal vein was used as the outflow in 4 cases, and the parietal branch was used as the outflow in 8 cases. The size of the flaps ranged from 3 cm×2 cm to 30 cm×13 cm. The skin pedicles were divided at 3 weeks after the flap transfer. RESULTS: Indocyanine green angiography could clearly showed the course and branching of the superficial temporal artery and vein. Individual differences existed in the location where the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery entered the forehead. The superficial temporal vein had great variability and did not follow the artery. One patient had expander-related complication, which resulted in 3-cm flap necrosis. The necrotic tissue was debrided and repaired with skin grafting. The other flaps totally survived and the incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 2-24 months, with a median of 11.5 months. The color, texture, and thickness of the flaps matched well with those of recipient sites. Hypertrophic scar was not observed in recipient or donor site. All patients were satisfied with the reconstructive outcomes. CONCLUSION Indocyanine green angiography can clearly visualize the course and the branches of the superficial temporal arteries and veins, which can help surgeons understand the position, distribution, and concomitant relationship of the superficial temporal vessels, and make a rational surgical plan of the forehead flap.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Temporal Arteries/surgery* ; Indocyanine Green ; Forehead/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Transplantation ; Angiography ; Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery* ; Perforator Flap/blood supply* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of the principle and clinical application of keloid core excision technique. METHODS: The literature on keloid core excision technique at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed, and the principle, development history, indications, advantages and disadvantages of this technique were summarized, and the existing controversies were analyzed. RESULTS: Keloid core excision is a technique to remove the inner fibrous core from the keloid and cover the defect with the keloidal flap. It reduces the wound tension, yields good aesthetic results in the treatment of ear keloids, and reduces the recurrence rate of keloids combining with adjuvant therapies. CONCLUSION The keloid core excision technique has specific advantages, yet its overall efficacy remains controversial. Further studies are imperative to explore the mechanisms regarding keloid recurrence and the vascular supply principles of the keloidal flap. It is also necessary to define appropriate surgical indications and safety protocols of this technique.
Humans ; Keloid/pathology* ; Recurrence ; Surgical Flaps/pathology* ; Plastic Surgery Procedures ; Treatment Outcome