Objective To study the clinical effect of continuous lumbar cistern using precision infusion set control and drainage of intracranial infection after craniotomy with Incision healing bad cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Methods From October 2008 to October 2013, 50 cases of postoperative intracranial infection and cerebrospinal fluid leakage patients using continuous lumbar cistern with precision infusion set control cerebrospinal fluid drainage were retrospectively analyzed. Results These 50 patients,after traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniectomy with the poor wound healing 20 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage , decompressive craniectomy in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage with hydrops under skin flap with 20 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage ,all patients recovered and were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion Intracranial infection and cerebrospinal fluid leakage using continuous lumbar cistern with precision infusion set drainage of cerebrospinal fluid ,with systemic application of antibiotics to treatment of post-operative cerebrospinal fluid leakage operation incision heali is a method for safety , good intracranial infection.

Objective To explore the efficacy of the retrosigmoid sinus approach through the cerebellopontine angle in the treatment of pontine hemorrhage.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 108 patients with pontine hemorrhage in Kaifeng Central Hospital from January 2016 to June 2022.They were divided into two groups according to the treatment methods,the conservative treatment group and the craniotomy treatment group(transcerebellopontine angle sigmoid sinus posterior approach).There were 94 cases in the conservative treatment group and 14 cases in the surgical treatment group.First analysis was conducted to examined whether there are differences in gender,age,Glasgow Coma Score(GCS)on admission,bleeding volume,comorbidities and complications between the two groups.Additional analysis was performed to analyze modified Rankin(modified Rankin scale,mRS)score and mortality rate after three month follow-up in case there was no significant difference at first analysis.Results There were no statistical differences in gender,age,Glasgow Coma Score(GCS)on admission,bleeding volume,comorbidities and complications between the two groups.After 3 months of follow-up,49 patients died in the conservative treatment group and 3 patients in the craniotomy treatment group.The mortality rates of the two groups were 52.1％and 21.4％respectively(χ2=4.600,P<0.05)).There was a statistical difference in the mortality rate between the two groups,and the mortality rate of the craniotomy treatment group was significantly lower than that of the conservative group.The modified Rankin score was 4(3,5)in the conservative treatment group and 3(2,3)in the craniotomy group(Z=-2.994,P<0.01).The modified Rankin score in the craniotomy group was lower than that in conservative treatment group after 3 months.Conclusion Microsurgery through the cerebellopontine angle retrosigmoid sinus approach to treat pontine hemorrhage can significantly reduce patient mortality and improve prognosis and is an effective surgical treatment method.

OBJECTIVETo establish the indexes and weights of risk assessment of shellfish poisoning outbreak caused by red tide.

METHODSThe risk assessment indexes were developed with the methods of literature review, brainstorm and expert consultation, and the weights of indexes were calculated by the method of analytic hierarchy process. The established indexes contained the risk possibility, impacts of public health, population vulnerability and resilience. The relative risk indexes(integrated risk indexes) of different shellfish poisoning were computed by combining hierarchy process and TOPSIS methods. Moreover, the weights of indexes were further used to generate absolute risk values by multiplying indexes.

RESULTSFour primary indexes and 17 secondary indexes were identified for risk assessment of shellfish poisoning outbreak. Of 17 secondary indexes, the knowing rate of shellfish poisoning, medical accessibility, the number of people being affected, laboratory testing capacity and the habits of eating seafood of local residents had relatively large weights (0.0876, 0.0840, 0.0716, 0.0703 and 0.0644, respectively), which accounted for nearly 38% of the total weight. All consistency ratio (CR) were less than 0.1. The index system was applied in Cangnan county of Zhejiang province. The results showed the relative risk indexes of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) and amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) were 0.4526, 0.7116, 0.1657 and 0.2884, and the absolute risk values were 0.2542, 0.2668, 0.1907 and 0.2184, respectively. The risk orders of the 4 kinds of shellfish poisoning sorted by relative risk indexes and absolute risk values were consistent.

CONCLUSIONSThe indexes and weights of risk assessment of shellfish poisoning outbreak caused by red tide are established, which can provide scientific advice for prevention and control of shellfish poisoning outbreak.

Animals ; Disease Outbreaks ; Harmful Algal Bloom ; Humans ; Marine Toxins ; Risk Assessment ; Seafood ; Shellfish Poisoning