Objective To study on the activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) in dextran sulfate sodium ( DSS) induced colitis of rats. Methods Acute colitis was induced by giving 3% DSS orally. Eighteen male rats were randomized into DSS group ( n = 10 ) and normal control group ( n = 8). The rats in DSS control group drank 3% DSS solution from day 1 to day 7; those in normal control group drank water at random. Diarrhea and bloody stool as well as colonic histology were observed. The levels of colonic tissue histamine, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and Prostaglandin E2 ( PGE2) determined with fluorimetry and ELISA, and the expression of IMMC in colonic tissue was detected by histochemical stain method. Results Compared with normal control group, the inflammatory symptoms and histologjcal damages of colonic mucosa in DSS group were significantly presented. The level of histamine in colonic tissue was significantly reduced (P

Objective:To analyze that if the quality of ethics review is closely related to the protection of human subjects' right and interest. Methods:This article has analyzed all the issues raised by local Ethics Committee in the process of review in recent two years since guideline of ethical review of drug clinical trials was published, summed up the most common problems occurred in protocols and informed consents. Results:Total 94 new drug or medical device clinical trial projects were reviewed by the local ethics committee, among which 29 projects were ap-proved through regular full board meeting, the approval rate in the initial review was 31%. The most common prob-lems in protocols include: the research backgrounds, design, and risk-benefit ratio; Main issues raised on in-formed consent focused on the contents, language and signature terms. Conclusions:The protection of subjects needs more improvement of capability of investigator, sponsor, drug clinical trial institution and the ethics commit-tee.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with 80 kVp and contrast agent of iodixanol (270 mg I/ml) by filtered back projection(FBP) reconstruction.Methods In total,52 patients who underwent CTPA were randomly divided into two equally-sized groups,control group and experimental group.The volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP)were recorded,and the weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIw) and effective dose (E) were calculated.The image quality was visually evaluated and measured,and statistical analyses were performed on the image quality and the radiation dose.Results The sex,age,height,weight and body mass index (BMI) had no statistical difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The average iodine dosage decreased by 22.9％ in the experimental group compared with the control group.Compared with the control group,the CTDIvol,DLP,CTDIw and E decreased by 73.5％,75.1％,73.5％ and 75.8％,respectively.The differences were statistically significant (t =＜0.001,30.5,＜ 0.001,-28.7,P ＜ 0.05).The image quality of the two groups met the requirement of diagnosis and there were no significant statistic differences between visually evaluating and objectively measuring the image quality (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Using 80 kVp and iodixanol for CTPA,FBP reconstruction image quality can meet diagnostic requirements.At the same time the radiation dose,the contrast agent dose and the X-ray tube wastage are reduced respectively.

OBJECTIVE: To summarise the experience of peri-operative management of infants undergoing open heart surgery. METHODS: Clinical data of 206 infants undergoing open heart surgery were analyzed retrospectively. The patients aged from 20 days to 3 years.The weight was 3~18(9.60+/-2.75)kg.Altogether 149 patients were found non-cyanotic and 57 with cyanotic heart diseases.Radical operation was performed on 204 patients with the exception of two by palliative operation. RESULTS: The mortality was 4.85%(10/206) and the incidence of early complications was 13.6%(28/206). CONCLUSION Early surgical treatment was crucial to infants with congenital heart disease at an appropriate time.To improve the operative and CPB techniques, to strengthen the management of postoperative respiratory and circulatory system, attention to the protection of vital organs, and nutrition support for infants are all keys to the success of heart surgery.
Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; surgery ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intraoperative Complications ; Male ; Perioperative Care ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; surgery

As an important part of the enteric nervous system(ENS),enteric glial cells(EGCs)play an important role in regulating intestinal homeostasis and maintaining intestinal health in hu-mans and animals.This review focuses on the role of EGCs in maintaining intestinal barrier homeo-stasis,maintaining gastrointestinal transit and motor function,regulating the niche of intestinal cells,and the role in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases,hoping to provide new ideas for further research on the function and mechanism of EGCs in the intestine and the occur-rence,development and treatment of related intestinal diseases.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between time within the glucose target range(TIR) and hyperuricemia(HUA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:A total of 215 patients with T2DM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from June 2021 to May 2022 were selected and divided into HUA group and non-HUA group according to serum uric acid level. The clinical characteristics and biochemical indicators of the patients were collected. The association of 72 h glucose monitoring system(FGMS) related indicators TIR, mean blood glucose fluctuation range(MAGE), blood glucose variability(CV), blood glucose standard deviation(SDBG), and mean blood glucose(MBG) with serum uric acid level was analyzed. The influencing factors of T2DM combined with HUA were analyzed with binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate their predictive values.Results:TIR of HUA group was significantly decreased compared with non-HUA group, while HbA 1C, MAGE, CV, SDBG, and MBG were increased( P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum uric acid levels were negatively correlated with TIR, but positively correlated with MAGE, CV, SDBG, and MBG( P<0.001). After dichotomous logistic regression analysis, TIR was found to be an independent protective factor for T2DM with HUA. The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC) of TIR for predicting HUA in T2DM was 0.856(95% CI 0.803-0.909, P<0.001), with the best cut-off value being 64.5%, the sensitivity being 76.8%, and the specificity being 90.3%. Conclusion:TIR in patients with T2DM combined with HUA was significantly decreased. TIR is an independent protective factor for T2DM combined with HUA, and TIR shows a certain predictive value for T2DM combined with HUA.

Objectives:To establish a geometric model of the atlantoaxial dislocation and basilar invagination reduction,and examine its value for clinical application.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 35 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation and basilar invagination admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2018 to May 2020 was conducted.There were 5 males and 30 females,aged (48±15) years(range: 19 to 69 years). The geometric model of the atlantoaxial reduction was established based on the mid-sagittal section of the cervical spine. The relevant data were calculated according to the geometric model before operation,and the fusion cage of the corresponding height was placed into C 1-2 facet joint of patient for quantitative reduction. The theoretical reset value, actual reset value, postoperative symptoms and complications were collected. The paired t-test was used to compare the difference between theoretical and actual reset value to verify the reliability of the geometric model. Results:The theoretical vertical reduction distance of all patients was (5.79±2.96) mm(range:1.52 to 10.96 mm),and the actual vertical reduction distance was (7.43±2.96)mm(range: 1.40 to 12.77 mm),and there was no statistical difference between them( t=-1.96, P=0.069).The theoretical reduction angle was (10.80±2.24)°(range: 7.09 to 14.86°), the actual reduction angle was (10.64±7.00)°(range: 3.50 to 20.50°),and there was no statistical difference between them ( t=0.09, P=0.933). At 6 months follow-up, 35 patients achieved satisfactory atlanto-axial joint fusion, and the symptoms were relieved. No internal fixation system displacement, fracture, wound infection and other complications occurred. Conclusion:This geometric model can estimate the vertical reduction distance and the reduction angle of the axial before operation,and provide a reference for the height of the fusion cage so as to avoid under or over-reduction.

Objectives:To establish a geometric model of the atlantoaxial dislocation and basilar invagination reduction,and examine its value for clinical application.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 35 patients with atlantoaxial dislocation and basilar invagination admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2018 to May 2020 was conducted.There were 5 males and 30 females,aged (48±15) years(range: 19 to 69 years). The geometric model of the atlantoaxial reduction was established based on the mid-sagittal section of the cervical spine. The relevant data were calculated according to the geometric model before operation,and the fusion cage of the corresponding height was placed into C 1-2 facet joint of patient for quantitative reduction. The theoretical reset value, actual reset value, postoperative symptoms and complications were collected. The paired t-test was used to compare the difference between theoretical and actual reset value to verify the reliability of the geometric model. Results:The theoretical vertical reduction distance of all patients was (5.79±2.96) mm(range:1.52 to 10.96 mm),and the actual vertical reduction distance was (7.43±2.96)mm(range: 1.40 to 12.77 mm),and there was no statistical difference between them( t=-1.96, P=0.069).The theoretical reduction angle was (10.80±2.24)°(range: 7.09 to 14.86°), the actual reduction angle was (10.64±7.00)°(range: 3.50 to 20.50°),and there was no statistical difference between them ( t=0.09, P=0.933). At 6 months follow-up, 35 patients achieved satisfactory atlanto-axial joint fusion, and the symptoms were relieved. No internal fixation system displacement, fracture, wound infection and other complications occurred. Conclusion:This geometric model can estimate the vertical reduction distance and the reduction angle of the axial before operation,and provide a reference for the height of the fusion cage so as to avoid under or over-reduction.

Parvalbumin interneurons belong to the major types of GABAergic interneurons. Although the distribution and pathological alterations of parvalbumin interneuron somata have been widely studied, the distribution and vulnerability of the neurites and fibers extending from parvalbumin interneurons have not been detailly interrogated. Through the Cre recombinase-reporter system, we visualized parvalbumin-positive fibers and thoroughly investigated their spatial distribution in the mouse brain. We found that parvalbumin fibers are widely distributed in the brain with specific morphological characteristics in different regions, among which the cortex and thalamus exhibited the most intense parvalbumin signals. In regions such as the striatum and optic tract, even long-range thick parvalbumin projections were detected. Furthermore, in mouse models of temporal lobe epilepsy and Parkinson's disease, parvalbumin fibers suffered both massive and subtle morphological alterations. Our study provides an overview of parvalbumin fibers in the brain and emphasizes the potential pathological implications of parvalbumin fiber alterations.
Mice ; Animals ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology* ; Parvalbumins/metabolism* ; Parkinson Disease/pathology* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Interneurons/physiology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Brain/pathology*