[Objective]To investigate the protective effects of calcitonin on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in experimental osteoarthritis induced by ACLT(anterior cruciate ligament transection) of rats. [Methods]Thirty 12-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into three groups: Sham(n=10),ACLT+CT(n=10) and ACLT+NS(n=10).ACLT+CT group received a daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin at a dose of 10 IU.kg-1.d-1 for 12 weeks,ACLT+NS group received NS at the same dose.All rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks after operation.The macro-pathological changes of Samples were graded by Mankin's scale.Bone mineral density(BMD) of right distal femoras and femora condyles were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner.The decalcified right femora condyles were prepared for paraffin sections,stained with safranin-O/fast green and immunohistochemistry for MMP-13.The right proximal tibias were harvested to make undecalcified bone section for detecting the bone histomorphometry of subchondral bone.[Results](1) The Mankin score of the Sham and ACLT+CT groups were significantly lower than that of ACLT+NS group.(2) The BMD and bone mass(BV/TV,Tb.Th) of the subchondral bone in ACLT+NS were significantly higher than those of Sham and ACLT+CT groups.(3)In ACLT+ NS group,expression level of MMP-13 was significantly lower than those of Sham and ACLT+ CT groups.[Conclusion]A daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin at a dose of 10 IU.kg-1.d-1 of body weight for 12 weeks can inhibit articular cartilage degeneration of rat osteoarthritic joints,inhibitiing sclerosis of and improving the microarchitecture of subchondral bone,coupled with downregulation of MMP-13 in cartilage probably participate in this process.

Objective To investigate the relationships of nuclear factor кB (NF-кB) activation with protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) during amyloid-β (Aβ) (25-35) -induced apoptosis in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) of rats. Methods Apoptosis in PC12 cells was induced by A(25-35). The activities of Akt, GSK-3β and NF-кB were analyzed in this process. The Akt and GSK-3β pathways were blocked by their specific inhibitors, respectively, and the relationships of Akt and, GSK-3β with NF-кB during Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells were determined. Results Aβ(25-35) induced apoptosis was in a dose-dependent manner. With 0, 5, 10, 20 μmol/L and 40 μmol/L Aβ(25-35) treaing for 48 h, the apoptosis rates of PC12 cells were (3. 01 ± 0.03)%, (3.08 ±0.03)%, (25.32 ± 0.76)%, ( 42.88 ± 0.60 )% and ( 60.85 ± 2.39 )% , respectively. Compared to control, both Akt and GSK-3β were suppressed during apoptosis, at meantime NF-кB was activated. The inhibited Akt activity by wortmannin leaded to decreased NF-кB activatity and increased GSK-3β activatity. Suppression of GSK-3β with its specific inhibitor LiCl caused the decreased activation of NF-кB too, but it had no significant influence on Akt activity. Conclusions These results suggest that both Akt and GSK-3β are upstream regulators of NF-кB. They co-regulate the activation of NF-кB during Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. This study contributes to the theoretical base for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) , and provides a new idea to AD prevention and therapy.

Objective To study the effects ofXuling-Jiangu formula on bone mineral density and the bone biomechanic in the osteoporosis model rats.Methods According to the random number table method, 40 SD female rats were randomly divided into the caltrate D group, theXuling-Jianguformula group, the model group and the sham group,10 rats each group. In addition to the sham group, the other groups were osteoporosis model. After 30 days, the Caltrate D group received intragastric caltrate D mixed suspension 0.126 g/kg; the Xuling-Jiangu formula group receivedXuling-Jianguformula solution 15 g/kg, and the sham group and the model group received normal saline 10 ml/kg. After 12 weeks treatment, detection of left tibia bone mineral density andthree-point bending method was used for biomechanical testing.Results The mineral density of the Xuling-Jiangu formula group (0.244 ± 0.022 g/cm2,0.195 ± 0.017 g/cm2vs. 0.223 ± 0.013 g/cm2) were significantly higher than the model group and caltrate D group (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the bone biomechanictests in theXuling-Jiangu formula group (0.072 ± 0.036 kN vs.0.041 ± 0.015 kN; 843.754 ± 428.722 N/mm2vs. 482.084 ± 176.646 N/mm2) were significantly higher (P<0.05).ConclusionXuling-Jiangu formula canimprove the bone mineral density and the bone lbiomechanic of osteoporosis rats.

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of the vitamin D receptor gene BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ genetic polymorphisms with bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women.METHODS: ①total of 576 postmenopausal Han ethnic women of 48-84 (62.17±6.37) years old in Fuzhou city were investigated, on the basis of their informed consent, through random sampling method from January 2007 to December 2008. ②The subjects were recorded regarding to their age, menopause duration, body mineral index and postmenopausal fracture incidence. ③Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used for measuring the bone mineral density of vertebrae L<,2-4>, left femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle. ④The genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ were detected using polymerase chain reaction-rastriction and fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. ⑤The biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum bone gla protein, serum bone alkaline phosphatase, urinary pyddinoline and urinary deoxypyridinoline) were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: A total of 561 subjects up to standard were involved in the result analysis. ①There was no significant difference in bone mineral density among genotypes of vitamin D receptor gene BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ polymorphisms (P > 0.05). ②There was no significant difference in the biochemical markers of bone tumover among genotypes of BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ polymorphisms (P > 0.05). ③There was no significant difference in the incidence of osteoporosis among genotypes of BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ polymorphisms (P > 0.05). ④There was no significant difference in the incidence of postmenopausal fracture among genotypes of BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ polymorphisms (P > 0,05).CONCLUSION: BSM Ⅰ, TAQ Ⅰ and APA Ⅰ polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene are not obviously associated with osteoporesis in postmenopausal women, and accordingly can not be taken as genetic markers of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Fuzhou.

Objective To investigate the correlation between bone mineral density(BMD)and the PXh haplotype combining estrogen receptor (ER) gene Xba Ⅰ , Pvu Ⅱ polymorphisms and osteocalcin gene Hind Ⅲ polymorphism in postmenopausal women.Methods In 307 subjects,the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and proximal femur were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and the Xba Ⅰ and Pvu Ⅱ polymorphisms of ER gene and the Hind Ⅲ potymorphism of osteocalcin gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results (1)The BMD of greater trochanter was significantly lower in XX genotype group than in xx genotype group ( P<0.05).The BMD of femoral neck, greater trochanter and Ward's triangle were lower in Xx genotype group[(0.695±0.087)g/cm2 , (0.592±0.106)g/cm2, (0.500±0.115) g/cm2] and X allele group[(0.697±0.088)g/cm2 , (0.594±0.105)g/cm2, (0.505±0.123)g/cm2] than in xx genotype group[(0.737±0.108) g/cm2,(0.653±0.119)g/cm2 ,(0.554±0.130)g/cM2] and non-X allele group[(0.737 ± 0.108) g/CM2, (0.653 ± 0.119) g/cm2 , (0.554 ± 0.130) g/cm2] ,respectively (all P<0.05 ).(2)The BMD of Ward's triangle was lower in PP genotype group and P allele group than in pp genotype group and non-P allele group (P<0.05).(3)The BMD of femoral neck, greater trochanter and Ward's triangle were lower in hh genotype group and h allele group than in I-IH genotype group, and were lower in non-h allele group than in HH genotype group(all P<0.05).(4)Women carrying PX, PXh haplotypes combining ER gene and osteocalcin gene had lower BMD at femoral neck than those not carrying PX,not carrying PXh haplotypes, respectively (all P<0.05).ConclusionsER gene(Xba Ⅰ) polymorphism and osteocalein gene(Hind Ⅲ) polymorphism are associated with BMD in postmenopausal women.The presence of X allele or h allele　shows negative influence on the BMD of postmenopausal women.The PXh haplotype is a suitable　genetic marker of postmenopausal women osteoporosis in Fuzhou area.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women is closely related to parathyroid hormone. But there are differences in different areas.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between BstBⅠ polymorphism of parathyroid hormone gene with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women from Fuzhou area.
METHODS:The bone mineral densities of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter and Ward’s triangle were measured in 150 postmenopausal women by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The genotype of parathyroid hormone gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The distribution of parathyroid hormone genotypes were BB genotype 68.8%, Bb 24.1%, and bb 7.1%. The B al elic gene frequencies reached 81%, while b was 19%. The distribution fol owed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (2) Analysis of the relationship between the genotypes and bone mineral density:There was no significant difference in the bone mineral densities of the lumbar spine, femur, neck, trochanter and Ward’s triangle among the three genotypes (P>0.05). BstBⅠ gene polymorphism of parathyroid hormone gene is not correlated to bone mineral density, and there is no enough evidence to support genotype of parathyroid hormone gene as a genetic marker in predicting the risk of developing osteoperosis in Fuzhou postmenopausal women.

Objective To explore the effect of liver-soothing therapy on the expression of estrogen receptors mRNA in perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) rats with liver qi stagnation. Methods A total of 30 nature aging rats are assigned into control groups (n=8), model groups (n=8),Chaihu-Shugan San (CHSGS group,n=8) andDanzhi-Xiaoyao San (DZXYS group, n=8), according to the random number table. The PMS liver-Qi stagnation syndrome rat models were established by the methods of isolation raised and chronic bondage in all the groups except the control group. CHSGS group were administered 4.0 g/kg water decoctions ofChaihu ShuganSan, and DZXYS group 4.9 g/kg water decoctions ofDanzhi XiaoyaoSan respectively for 3 weeks after the rat models established. The model group and control group were administered with equal volume of normal saline. The open field test was used for the behavior test. The serum E2, FSH, LH level were measured by radioimmunoassay. The ERα, ERβ in ovary were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Compared with model group on the 21st days, the CHSGS and DZXYS groups showed a significantly increase in crossings (49.6 ± 6.0, 51.6 ± 5.8vs. 40.0 ± 4.6,P<0.05 orP<0.01) and rearings (14.1 ± 0.7, 14.6 ± 2.3vs. 10.9 ± 1.8,P<0.05 orP<0.01). Cmpared with the model group, the FSH (3.96 ± 0.48 mIU/mlvs.5.31 ± 0.41 mIU/ml) significantly decreased in the CHSGS group, and the LH (6.65 ± 0.46 mIU/mlvs. 8.10 ± 0.62 mIU/ml) significantly decreased in the DZXYS group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, ER alpha mRNA expression (7.42 ± 2.54, 4.91 ± 1.76vs. 3.80 ± 1.36,P<0.01) significantly increased in the CHSGS group, and the ER beta mRNA expression (3.56 ± 0.95vs. 3.10 ± 1.12,P>0.05) increaed in the DZXYS group, but there was no remarkable difference. Conclusion The Liver-soothing therapy can improve the behavior of PMS rats with liver-Qi stagnation, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of endocrine and ovarian estrogen receptors.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between severity of symptom and SPL amounts in expressed prostatic secretion(EPS).Methods: A total of 164 men enrolled in the study.Scores of CPSI and Chinese medicine syndrome were used to assess the severity of symptom.SPL acounts in EPS were also measured.The correlation between scores of CPSI,Chinese medicine syndrome and SPL acounts in EPS were analyzed.Results: There was no linear correlation between scores of CPSI,Chinese medicine syndrome and SPL amounts in EPS(P

BACKGROUND: Overexpression of LncRNA TUG1 promotes osteoclast proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. Knockdown with siRNA has achieved the opposite result, indicating that knockdown of LncRNA TUG1 may become a potential target for osteoporosis treatment. OBJECTIVE: To study the proteins interacting with the non-coding RNA uc431+ associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis and carry out bioinformatics analysis. METHODS: Human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) cells crosslinked with formaldehyde were broken by ultrasound. The experimental group was hybridized with magnetic beads combined with biotin labeled specific probes. The control group was hybridized with the magnetic beads of non-specific probes. The obtained peptides were identified using mass spectrometry. The data were searched and quantified by MaxQuant. The quantitative results of the two sets of samples were statistically analyzed, and the corresponding enrichment proteins were obtained. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, protein-protein interaction analysis and display were performed, and the protein-protein interaction network was constructed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The total number of peptides obtained was 918, with 271 proteins in total, and the total number of proteins after filtration was 241. Compared with the control group, there were 10 differential proteins in the experimental group, including DDOST, DMBT1, HPD, IGLL5, IGK, LTF, LYZ, MUC5AC, PIGR, and RPL23. GO enrichment analysis showed that they were involved in biological processes such as defense reaction, leukocyte activation, ribosomal rRNA binding, lysozyme activity and other molecular functions. KEGG pathway analysis predicted that they were involved in ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, ribosome and salivary secretion. Combined with the analysis of proteomics and bioinformatics, it is predicted that uc431+, a gene related to postmenopausal osteoporosis, may be involved in immune regulation and bone metabolism by interacting proteins.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness, and to develop and verify the model.Methods:A total of 247 patients admitted to ICU patients from November 2018 to October 2019 were selected, and risk factors between ICU acquired weakness group ( n=106) and non-ICU acquired weakness group( n=141)were compared using logistic regression for model construction.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to verify the goodness of fit of the model. The area under the ROC curve was used to test the model to predict the effects. From November 2019 to May 2020, 106 patients were recruited for application of the model. Results:The incidence of ICU acquired weakness in this study was 42.91%(106/247), and 44.34%(47/106),the study finally included age ( OR=1.043) ,mechanical ventilation time ( OR=1.140) , APACHE II score ( OR=1.081) , blood sugar ( OR=1.117) , lactic acid( OR=1.459) ,and neuromuscular blockers ( OR=3.499) to construct the risk prediction. The model formula was P=1/1+exp (- Z) =1/1+exp (8.808-0.042×age -1.252×neuromuscular blockers-0.078×APACHE II score -0.110×blood sugar -0.378×lactic acid -0.131×mechanical ventilation time. The area under the ROC curve of this model was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.824-0.914) , the maximum value of the Youden index was 0.577, and the corresponding sensitivity was 0.754,the specificity was 0.823,the cutoff value was 0.503. The model verification results the sensibility of 70.2%, the specificity of 88.1%, and the accuracy of 80.2%. Conclusion:The predictic model of ICU acquired weakness couducted in this study has satisfactory prediction effect, which can provide a reference for clinical screening of high-risk patients.