Objective To study the inductive effect of targeted UVB phototherapy on skin hyperpigmentation and its mechanism.Methods Ten brownish guinea pigs were used to develop experimental models.After depilation,four adjacent areas were selected on the back of each guinea pigs and served as the control,low-dose,moderate-dose and high-dose group to receive targeted UVB irradiation with a cumulative dose of O,2500,3500,4500 mJ/cm2,respectively.After 6-week irradiation,the guinea pigs were sacrificed and skin sampies were obtained.The hyperpigmentation induced by UVB irradiation was estimated by naked eyes,staining for melanocytes(Imokawa method)and melanin granules(Masson-Fontana staining),respectively.Immunohistochemistry was carried out to determine the level of nitric oxide synthase and HE staining to observe epidermal histological changes.Results A statistical difference was observed in the pigmentation score,quantity of melanin granules and dopa-positive melanocyte number among the four groups (P<0.05),and the moderatedose group was higher than the high-dose group in terms of these parameters.The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase increased in a radiation dose-dependent manner,and the median value for inducible nitric oxide synthase expression level was 0.50,1.25,1.75,2.00 in the control,low-dose,moderate-dose and highdose group,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions Targeted UVB phototherapy can induce hyperpigmentation of the skin in brownish guinea pigs in a dose-dependent manner,but higher dose may not work better.To irradiate with an initial dose close to or slightly higher than the minimum erythema dose may result in a satisfactory effect with reduced cumulative dose and potential risk for cancer.

Objective To investigate fracture patients' perception about pain and analgesic.Methods In-depth interview for 30 min was done for 20 fracture patients within 12 h after their admission.Data were analyzed based on Colaizzi phenomenological research method.Results Fracture patients underestimated the influence that pain had dosne to them.When they were suffering from pain,most of them chose to endure until they couldn't endure anymore.For analgesics,most of them chose to avoid from using them unless they couldn't endure anymore.Conclusions Pain management education should be done to help patients correct their bias about pain,know more about analgesics according to their personal conditions,and help them self-report their pain and manage their pain timely and properly.

Objective To observe the effect of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate on the expressions of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA of L-02 cells damaged by triptolide, and to investigate hepatoprotective mechanism of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate in terms of drug metabolism. Methods L-02 cells were divided into 4 groups:normal group, triptolide group, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group and rifampicin group. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group and rifampicin group were pretreated by magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate and rifampicin for 24 h and the remaining two groups added medium. Triptolide were added for 18 h except normal group. Cell survival rate was tested by MTT. The expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were detected by Western blot assay and RT-PCR. Results Compared with triptolide group, cell survival rate was significantly higher in magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were significantly lower in triptolide group compared with those of control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of UGT1A, MRP2 protein and mRNA were significantly up-regulated in magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate pretreatment group than those of triptolide group (P<0.05). The UGT1A protein and mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in rifampicin pretreatment group than those of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate group ( P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in MRP2 protein and mRNA expressions between the two groups. Conclusion Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate shows protective effects on triptolide induced L-02 cell injury, which may be involved with the activation of UGT1A and MRP2.

Objective To study the rehabilitation effects of the cochlear implants on prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality.Methods A retrospective analysis of the effects of CIs was conducted in the prelingually deaf children of 11 cases of the children with abnormal alba(the research group) and 18 cases of the children who had normal alba(the control group) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian medical university.All the operations were completed by the same doctor.There were no obvious complications during and after the operation.The cochlear implants were turned on after one month and the prelingually deaf children with extremely severe bilateral sensorineural deafness were trained for speech at the rehabilitation centre.The assessment criteria of the categories of auditory performance(CAP) and speech intelligibility rate(SIR) were used.After six months and twelve months of the operation, the family members were followed who have direct contacts with the children.The evaluation of data between the research and the control groups was administered.Results In the research group, the average level of CAP after six months'' post-operation was 2.41±0.47.But in the control group, the average level was 3.28±0.45.In the research group, the average level of SIR after six months'' post-operation was 1.27±0.44.There were 3 children in the research group at level 2, but in the control group, the average level was 1.89±0.31.Two children in the control group were level 1 while the others were level 2.In the research group, the average level of CAP after twelve months'' post-operation was 4.00±0.43 while only one child at level 3.There was one child at level 5 in the research group, the rest were level 4.There was a statistically significant difference in the average level of the CAP after six months'' post-operation(t=4.983, P<0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after six months'' post-operation(t=4.371, P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the average level of the CAP after twelve months'' post-operation(t=1.033, P>0.05) and in the average level of the SIR after twelve months'' post-operation(t=0.434, P>0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference of the rehabilitation effects of post-operation between the prelingually deaf children with alba abnormality and those with normal alba.

Hyperuricemia is closely associated with abdominal obesity .The prevalence of hyperuricemia combined with abdominal obesity has been increased significantly in recent years , along with the improvement of daily life and the changes in dietary structure .The state of hyperuricemia combined with abdominal obesity is most harmful , and becomes a common and high risk metabolic disease .Animal model with hyperuricemia combined with abdominal obesity is very impor-tant for the research of pathomechanism and treatment of this disease .

Objective To explore the expression of aquaporin (AQP)-4 in white matter of spinal cord after spinal cord contusion (SCC). Methods 88 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to sham operation group and SCC group. The model was established by Al-len's method. BBB sore was used to assess the motor function of rats. The relative expression of AQP-4 mRNA was determined by Q-PCR technique. The localization of AQP-4 was observed by immunohistochemistry. Results BBB score showed motor dysfunction in SCC group, and it increased 7 and 14 days after SCC (t>5.061, P<0.001). The level of AQP-4 mRNA decreased on the 1st and 3rd days (t>50.44, P<0.001), and increased on the 5th day (t=-3.968, P=0.001), and lasted until the 28th day (t=-4.227, P=0.001) compared with that on the 3rd day. The immunohistochemistry showed AQP-4 was located on the process of glial cell and vascular endothelial cells in white matter of spi-nal cord. Conclusion AQP-4 may play various roles at different stages in SCC.

Objective: To investigate the effect of modified fecal drainage device on avoiding the occupational exposure infection of the medical staffs in the treatment of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to provide the reference for the clinical treatment of COVID-19 and avoiding the occupational exposure infection of the medical staffs. Methods: The clinical data of a critical COVID-19 patient with diarrhea as the main symptom were collected. The modified fecal drainage device of F18 silicone gastric tube connected with disposable negative pressure drainage device was uesd to treat the fecal excrement of the patient. The general data of the medical staffs, containing 16 doctors and 48 nurses∗ were collected. The COVID-19 serological antibodies and pharyngeal swabs of the medical staffs were tested every 2 weeks. Results: The 78-year-old woman patient was admitted to hospital due to diarrhea∗ cough and expectoration for 15 d, chest distress and shortness of breath for 10 d» and fever for 1 d. The test result of COVID-19 pharyngeal swabs of the patient was positive. After the feces were collected with the modified fecal drainage device, the average operation time of medical staffs was reduced from 20 min to 10 min, the patient's perianal skin flushing subsided, and no incontinence-associated dermatitis ( IAD ) occurred. The patient was cured but remained in hospital for the other underlying diseases. The test results of COVID-19 serological antibodies and pharyngeal swabs of 64 medical staffs were all negative, all the medical staffs had no infection. Conclusion: The modified fecal drainage device has better stability, which can effectively prevent IAD and the spread of COVID-19 and reduce the risk of occupational exposure infection of medical staffs, and it is suitable for clinical promotion application.

Objective To study the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)features in acute cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI)and evaluate its clinical value.Methods Eight patients with acute CSCI (within 72 hours after onset)were performed conventional MRI and fast DTI scans (112 seconds)and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT)at 3.0T Siemens Trio Tim system.Meanwhile,the fractional anisotropy (FA) values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values were calculated separately in the site of lesions,the upper and lower sections to the lesions.Then the data were analyzed by paired-samples t test analysis with SPSS 13.0 software.Results Cervical spinal cord injury occurred likely in the sites of C5-C6 (account for 4/8)and C4-C5 (account for 3/8).All MRI and DTI images were satisfied for clinical diagnosis.The FA value and ADC value of injury lesions were markedly lower than that of the normal cord.Accordingly,the injury lesions on FA map and ADC map presented low signals.There were no significant differences of FA values and ADC values between the upper and lower sections to the lesions.DTT could help in displaying the disruption of spinal fiber tract in lancination case and distortion fibers in closed cervical spinal cord injury.Conclusion Fast DTI sequence at 3.0 Tesla may obtain the qualified spinal cord images.By calculation of FA values and ADC values in CSCI patients,DTI may play an important role in detecting the changes of anisotropy and water diffusion caused by myelin sheath injury and cytotoxic edema and vasogenic edema respectively.

Objective To investigate the in vivo or in vitro immune regulatory effects of allogeneic bone-marrow mesenchymal stem ceils (MSC) and human umbilical cord MSC on CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in the spleen of MRL/Ipr mice. Methods Human MSC were isolated and expanded from bone marrow cells of healthy donors and infused into five SLE patients. The percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were prepared by centrifugation on a Ficoll Hypaque density gradient. The MSC and PBMC from unrelated donors (MSC:PBMC =1:1,1:10,1:50) were added into 24-well plates. After 72h of co-culture, the percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells were detected by flow cytome- try. Twenty four 18-week-old MRL/Ipr female mice were divided into 3 groups and were injected with umbilical cord MSC (1×106 cells for one time, 1×106 cells for three times and 0.5 ml sodium chloride as control respectively). The percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in spleen and lymphoid nodes were detected by flow cytometry. Results The percentages of blood CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells at one week (4.8± 1.6)% and at three months (6.0±2.6)% post MSC transplantation for patients with SLE were both higher than that before transplantation (2.1±1.2)% (n=5,P<0.05). The co-culture of normal bone marrow MSC with PBMC from SLE patients resulted in a statistically significant increase of CD+ Foxp3+ T cells percentage in PBMC on a dose dependent manner (P<0.05). The percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells of PBMC from SLE patients co-cultured with lupus MSC were lower than that of normal MSC (P<0.05). The cultured supematant of normal MSC also upregulated the percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells of PBMC from SLE patients (P<0.05). The MRL/lpr mice that had been injected umbilical cord MSC for one time and three times had higher percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+T cells in the spleen but lower in the lymphoid nodes as compared with controls (P<0.01), but without statistical significant difference. Conclusion Allogeneic or heterogeneie MSC transplantation upregulates the percentages of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in SLE patients or in MRL/Ipr mice. Upregnlation of Treg population may be one of the mechanisms of MSC transplantation that is effective for SLE treatment.