[Objective]Porous collagen type Ⅱ matrices crosslinked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)carbodⅡmide(EDC) and N-hydroxysucinimide(NHS) were developed as scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.[Method]Collagen type Ⅱ matrix was crosslinked by EDC/NHS,and then freeze-dried to achieve collagen scaffolds.The porous characteristics of the prepared scaffolds were tested by using diffenent methods,including laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical testing machine.The chondrocytes labeled by GFP were planted in crosslinked collagen type Ⅱ,and observed by LSCM.[Result](1) The mechanical properties of cross-linked matrices increased significantly,reaching 2.18?0.47MPa.(2)The degradation of cross-linked matrices decreased by 8.28% after 4 hours.The pore size was about 90?m,and their average porosity and water capacity reached 93.39% and 97.78%,respectively.3.Chondrocytes were in good condition in the crosslinked collagen.[Conclusion]The present work indicates that EDC/NHS-crosslinked collagen type Ⅱ could keep the properties and biocompatibility of collagen,besides,the mechanical strength increased and the degradation was decreased.It will be suitable for cartilage tissue engineering purposes.

Objective To observe the sleeping time and analyze its impact on the psychological state and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes .Methods Convenience sampling was used to recruit 365 patients with type 2 diabetes in Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine between April 2014 and April 2015 .All the patients were divided into two groups according to the six-hour cut-off point of sleeping time .They were investigated by means of World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF ( WHOQOL-BREF), Diabetes Distress Scale ( DDS) and General Self-Efficacy Scale ( GSES).Data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and multivariate regression analysis .Results The average sleeping time was 7.03 h, and the sleeping time of 109 patients was less than 6 h.Patients with less sleeping time had lower quality of life and self-efficacy scores as well as higher diabetes distress scores than those with sleeping time more than 6 h.The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Regression analysis showed that sleeping time was the factor of quality of life (β=0.117, P=0.047), self-efficacy (β=0.136, P=0.024) and diabetes distress(β=-0.118, P=0.046).Conclusion Sleeping time affects the psychological state and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.The medical should pay more attention to the quality of sleep of such patients .

Objective To study the inductive effect of targeted UVB phototherapy on skin hyperpigmentation and its mechanism.Methods Ten brownish guinea pigs were used to develop experimental models.After depilation,four adjacent areas were selected on the back of each guinea pigs and served as the control,low-dose,moderate-dose and high-dose group to receive targeted UVB irradiation with a cumulative dose of O,2500,3500,4500 mJ/cm2,respectively.After 6-week irradiation,the guinea pigs were sacrificed and skin sampies were obtained.The hyperpigmentation induced by UVB irradiation was estimated by naked eyes,staining for melanocytes(Imokawa method)and melanin granules(Masson-Fontana staining),respectively.Immunohistochemistry was carried out to determine the level of nitric oxide synthase and HE staining to observe epidermal histological changes.Results A statistical difference was observed in the pigmentation score,quantity of melanin granules and dopa-positive melanocyte number among the four groups (P<0.05),and the moderatedose group was higher than the high-dose group in terms of these parameters.The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase increased in a radiation dose-dependent manner,and the median value for inducible nitric oxide synthase expression level was 0.50,1.25,1.75,2.00 in the control,low-dose,moderate-dose and highdose group,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusions Targeted UVB phototherapy can induce hyperpigmentation of the skin in brownish guinea pigs in a dose-dependent manner,but higher dose may not work better.To irradiate with an initial dose close to or slightly higher than the minimum erythema dose may result in a satisfactory effect with reduced cumulative dose and potential risk for cancer.

Objective To analyze the changes in platelet parameters and their influential factors in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular car-cinoma (HCC).Methods The clinical data of 602 cirrhotic patients with HCC who were admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 201 1 to December 2012,as well as 200 cirrhotic patients hospitalized during the same period,were collected.Statistical analy-sis was performed using SPSS 19.0.Normally distributed continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation;comparison be-tween two groups was made by t test,and comparison between multiple groups was made by analysis of variance.Non-normally distributed data were expressed as median and interquartile range (P25 -P75 );comparison between groups was made by rank sum test.Results Com-pared with the cirrhotic group,the HCC group had significantly higher platelet count (PLT)and plateletcrit (PCT)(t=5.019,P=0.000;t=5.017,P=0.000)and a significantly lower mean platelet volume (MPV)/PLT (t=5.877,P=0.000);there were no significant differences in MPV and platelet distribution width between the two groups (t=-0.942,P=0.347;t=-1.040,P=0.298).The receiv-er operating characteristic (ROC)analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.636 for PLT,0.633 for PCT,and 0.639 for MPV/PLT in the diagnosis of HCC in cirrhotic patients.Decreases in PLT and PCT were closely related to hepatitis C virus (HCV)infec-tion.Patients with Child-Pugh class A cirrhosis had significantly higher PLT and PCT than those with Child-Pugh class B and C cirrhosis (P<0.01);patients with a maximum tumor diameter of≥5 cm had significantly higher PLT and PCT than those with maximum tumor di-ameters of2-5 cm and≤2 cm (P<0.01).Patients with Child-Pugh class A cirrhosis had a significantly lower MPV/PLT than those with Child-Pugh class B and C cirrhosis (P<0.01);patients with a maximum tumor diameter of≥5 cm had a significantly lower MPV/PLT than those with maximum tumor diameters of2-5 cm and≤2 cm (P<0.01).Conclusion PLT,PCT,and MPV/PLT can be used in the auxiliary diagnosis of HCC in cirrhotic patients,which are related to HCV,Child-Pugh classification,and tumor size.

Objective To investigate the levels and clinical significance of serum 25 -hydroxy vitamin D[25 (OH)D]in patients with chronic liver disease.Methods A total of 153 hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Univer-sity from June 2012 to September 2013 were enrolled in the study group.The levels of serum 25(OH)D were measured by liquid chromatog-raphy tandem mass spectrometry.The serum samples from 300 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital were used as controls.The study group was divided into three subgroups:non -cirrhosis,liver cirrhosis [Child -Pugh (CP)grades A,B,and C],and primary biliary cirrhosis.Comparison of continuous data between groups was made by t test and analysis of variance,and compari-son of categorical data was made by chi -square test.Correlation between different variables was investigated by Pearson linear regression a-nalysis.Results Of the 153 patients with chronic liver disease,the percentages of those who had vitamin D adequacy (≥30 ng/ml),in-sufficiency (20 -30 ng/ml),deficiency (10 -20 ng/ml),and severe deficiency (<10 ng/ml)were 20.3%,22.9%,35.9%,and 20.9%,respectively.The percentages of patients with vitamin D deficiency and severe deficiency were significantly higher in the cirrhosis subgroup than in the non -cirrhosis and primary biliary cirrhosis subgroups (41.7%,25.0% vs 27.5%,12.5% and 23.5%,17.6%,re-spectively;χ2 =6.261 -18.474,P =0.001 -0.012).The serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with cirrhosis were significantly lower com-pared with those in patients without cirrhosis and in controls (18.58 ±12.48 vs 23.78 ±11.81 and 25.69 ±12.39 ng/ml,P =0.029 and 0.001).CP class C cirrhotic patients had significantly lower serum levels of 25(OH)D compared with CP class A patients (P =0.009). Conclusion Serum 25(OH)D deficiency is common in patients with chronic liver disease.25(OH)D levels in cirrhotic patients,especial-ly in CP class C patients,are markedly lower than those in non -cirrhotic patients.

Objective Deletion detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD).Methods Totally 135 patients were tested through polymerase reaction of amplification with 12 dystrophin exons,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis make gene analysis.Results The deletion of different region was found in 54 patients.Conclusion The deletion region is concentrated in 45～53 exons,the deletion of 48 exons is the peak.

Objective To study the morphological variations of maxillary sinus and to provide anatomical basis for maxillary posterior teeth implantation and extraction usingcone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan-ning. Methods CBCT images from 403 patients were reviewed. The minimal distance from sinus floor to alveolar ridge wasmeasured and the number of patients with clinical features such as having sinus septum , mucosal thicken-ing and posterior teeth roots extend into maxillary sinus were counted. Results The mean value of the minimal dis-tance from maxillary sinus floor to alveolar ridge was about 8.3 mm, there was no significant statistical difference between sex, but there was a significant statisticalsignificant difference between the left sides and the right sides. Occurrences of sinus septum, mucosal thickening and roots into sinus were 98.6%, 31% (in which 56.3% of mu-cosal thickening were related to apical periodontitis) and 47%. there was no significantstatisticaldifference between the two sides in males females. Conclusions The morphological variations of maxillary sinus are significant. Chron-ic inflammation in maxillary sinuis is closely related to the position of maxillary posterior teeth roots and periapical lesions.

Aim To explore the effect of meloxicam on the CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors in rats and its preliminary mechanism. Methods The rats were exposed to CUMS procedure for 6 weeks to estab-lish the model of depression. Meloxicam(1,3 mg· kg-1 ) and sertraline(5 mg·kg-1 ) were administered to rats from 22d of the stress procedure(once a day,for 21 days,p. o. ) . Depressive-like behaviors were evalu-ated by the open-field test and force swimming test. The levels of PGE2 and TNF-αin cortex were measured by ELISA. Moreover, the concentrations of NE, DA, DOPAC and 5-HIAA were also measured by HPLC, and the protein expression of 5-HT1 AR in cortex was analyzed by the immunohistochemistry. Results Com-pared with the rats of normal control group,the vertical and horizontal movement scores of rats in the open-field test were decreased and the immobility time in the forced swimming test was increased in model group. The levels of PGE2 and TNF-α were both increased signifi-cantly,whereas the concentrations of NE, DA, DOPAC and 5-HIAA were decreased and the expression of 5-HT1AR was reduced in cortex. Compared with the rats of model group, meloxicam significantly improved the depressive behaviors of rats in experimental groups and reversed the content of PGE2 ,TNF-α,NE,DA,DOPAC and 5-HIAA, as well as the expression of 5-HT1AR. Conclusion Meloxicam has a significant protective effect on CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors, and the protective mechanism might be related to atten-uating inflammation response and reconstructing the balance of the monoamine neurotransmitter system in rat cortex.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in a hospital in 2013-2015,and provide reference for the improvement of HAI management.Methods Prevalence rates of HAI among patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in 2013 -2015 were investigated with cross-sec-tional survey method,prevalence rates of HAI and constituent ratios of HAI sites in patients of different genders and different age groups were analyzed.Results In 2013 -2015,29 605 patients should be investigated,29 581 (99.92%)were actually investigated.Prevalence rates of HAI in 2013-2015 were 2.83%,2.14%,and 1 .73%,re-spectively,difference was significant(χ2 =27.521 ,P <0.01),which showed a downward trend year by year.Preva-lence rates of HAI in male was significantly higher than that of female (2.47% vs 1 .98%,χ2 =7.954,P <0.01). The prevalence rates of HAI in the age dimension was roughly U-shaped distribution in 2013 -2015.Prevalence rates of HAI in ≥70 age group was the highest(4.15%),in 0 -30 age group decreased with age,in > 30 age group increased with age.The top three sites for prevalence of HAI were lower respiratory tract (45.67%),upper respiratory tract (9.92%),and urinary tract (8.52%).Conclusion The prevalence rates of HAI decreased year by year in 2013-2015,which suggests that HAI prevention and control measures are effectively implemented.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHI) for NF-κB pathway and cell circle arrest of tubular epithelial cell in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice model.Methods Thirty-two healthy C57BL/6 male mice performed UUO surgery to induce renal interstitial fibrosis.Animals were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham group (n=8),sEHI (1 mg· kg-1·d-1) group (n=8),UUO group (n=8) and UUO+sEHI (1 mg· kg-1· d-1) group (n=8).Daily sEHI [1-(1-methylsulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-urea,TUPS] or 2％ DMSO was applied to mice by oral gavage from day 1 to day 14 after surgery.All mice were sacrificed at day 14 and kidneys were harvested for further analysis.The changes of renal tissue morphology and pathology were observed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and sirius red staining.The expressions of sEH,nuclear factor κB p65 (NF-κB p65) and IκB were measured by Western blotting.The expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,MCP-1,IL-6,TGF-β,CTGF,collagen-Ⅳ and α-SMA were analyzed by real-time PCR.Immunofluorescence staining of phospho-histone H3 (p-HH3) and Ki67 was performed to determine the stage of cell cycle G2/M arrest.Results The expression and activity of sEH increased in UUO group (P ＜ 0.05).Administration of sEHI inhibited activity of sEH and infiltration of inflammatory cell in tubular interstitial,as well as attenuated tubular damage and tubular interstitial fibrosis.Western blotting analysis revealed administration of sEHI inhibited up-regulated NF-κB p65 and down-regulated IκB in UUO group (P ＜ 0.05).Real-time PCR demonstrated that administration of sEHI obviously decreased the mRNA expression of cytokines and fibrosis markers,including of TNF-α,IL-1 β,MCP-1,IL-6,TGF-β,CTGF,Collagen-Ⅳ,α-SMA (P ＜ 0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed that there were much more p-HH3 and Ki67 double positive nuclear tubular epithelial cells and interstitial cells in UUO group,compared with Sham group (P ＜ 0.05).Administration of sEHI reduced the number of double positive nuclear cell only in tubular epithelial cells (P ＜ 0.05),but not in interstitial cells.Conclusions In UUO tubular interstitial fibrosis model,sEHI inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway by down-regulating p65 and up-regulating IκB and ameliorates the infiltration of inflammatory cells.In addition,sEHI plays anti-fibrosis effect by moderating cell cycle G2/M arrest and reducing the excrete of pro-fibrosis factors of tubular epithelial cells.