Objective To explore the clinical and MRI features multiple system atrophy (MSA) and the significance of diagnosing its clinical subtypes.Methods Clinical data and MRI features of 28 patients with MSA were retrospectively analyzed and compared.Results Cerebellar signs (75.0%) were dominant clinic features in olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). Brain MRI showed atrophy of pontine (91.7%) and cerebellar vermis (91.7%), fourth ventricle dilatation (83.8%) and T2WI high intensity in pontocerebellar region (63.6%). Extrapyramidal signs (80.0%) were found in striatonigral degeneration (SND) with apparent basal ganglia changes such as putamen atrophy (60.0%) and lineal T2WI high intensity of the lateral margin of the putamen (putamen slit) (80.0%). Shy-Drager syndrom (SDS) presented mainly with autonomic nerve system (81.8%), and autonomic nerve system failures appeared earlier and more severe than the other two subtypes of MSA. Conclusions MRI examination may be useful in diagnosis of MSA and its subtypes. Pontine atrophy, T2WI high intensity, especially pontine cross sign may support diagnosis of OPCA. However, putamen atrophy and putamen slit are the specific imaging signs in SND.

Objective: To find out some clues in the personality types of Chinese dental school applicants and provide useful information in the cross-culture research between western and eastern countries, and supply guidance for Chinese educators.Methods:The Chinese version of MBTI (Form G) was used to test the personality styles of 332 dental school applicants from the mainland of China, and the personality styles of dental school applicants between Chinese and English were compared. Results:In mental aptitude, the percentage of introversion (I) type in Chinese samples (56.8)was higher than Extroversion (E) type(43.2), while it was contrary in English samples (15.7 vs. 84.3)and the difference was significant (?~2=111.49, P

Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in Yizhou City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Re?gion,from 2011 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the further prevention and control strategy. Methods The schistosomiasis surveillance data were collected and analyzed in Yizhou City from 2011 to 2014. Results From 2011 to 2014,770.38 hm2 was surveyed for the Oncomelania hupensis snails,and two snail infested sites were found,while no infected snails were found. Totally 3 524 residents were tested by ELISA for Schistosoma japonicum infection,and 38 cases were posi?tive. The positive rate of 2013 was significantly higher than those of other three years( χ2 = 15.08,P < 0.05). Totally 432 rats and 28 dogs were dissected and 1 697 cattle were examined by the stool test,but no positive cases were found. Conclusions The indicators of schistosomiasis surveillance are basically stable in Yizhou City.

Objective To systematically assess the efficacy of the low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the right frontal cortex for depression. Methods Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies about low-frequency rTMS to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for depression were collected from database such as PubMed, SCI, CBM, CNKI, and VIP. The meta-analysis using the software of RevMan 5.2 was conducted to com?pare the response rate of low-frequency rTMS to the right DLPFC with sham stimulation and high-frequency rTMS to the left DLPFC, respectively. Results Nine RCT studies with 156 patients in low-frequency rTMS group and 162 patients in sham stimulation group were included. Meta-analysis showed that low-frequency rTMS to the right DLPFC significantly improved response rate compared with sham stimulation(RR=2.15,95%CI:1.57~2.95,P<0.01). Eleven RCT studies with 178 patients in low-frequency rTMS group and 200 patients in high-frequency group were included. There was no significant difference in response rate between the two groups(RR=0.80,95%CI:0.63~1.02,P=0.07). Conclusion The efficacy of low-frequency rTMS to the right frontal cortex for depression is significant but the efficacy is not superior in comparison with the high-frequency rTMS to left DLPFC.

Objective To observe the effect of dynamic articulars panning external fixation combined with limited internal fixation for distal radius comminuted fracture.Methods 100 comminuted distal radius fractures patients during September 2014 and September 2014 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and research group,50 cases in each group.Patients of the control group accepted conventional manual reduc-tion combined with plaster external fixation,patients of the research group accepted dynamic articulars panning exter-nal fixation combined with limited internal fixation treatment.Curative effect,the palm inclination angle and feet were compared between the two groups.Results (1)After surgical treatment and rehabilitation therapy,15 patients in the control group achieved optimal degree,28 cases in the research group achieved optimal degree(P =0.086);9 cases in the control group were the poor degree;only 2 patients in the research group were poor degree(P =0.025).Statistical analysis showed that two differences were statistically significant,(P <0.05).(2)After 3 months,the palmar tilt of patients in the control group was (6.5 ±2.2)°,while that of the research group was (8.5 ±2.5)°(t =4.25,P <0.000 1 );The average ulnar deviation of control group was (12.3 ±4.3)°,and that of the research group was (15.6 ±6.6)°(t =2.96,P =0.003 8).In a word,the average palmar tilt and ulnar deviation of the research group were greater than those in the control group,the difference showed statistically significant.6 months later,the average palmar tilt of the control group patients was (6.2 ±2.3)°,that of the research group was (8.8 ±2.5)°(t =5.41, P <0.000 1 );the ulnar deviation of the control group was (12.1 ±4.1 )°,and that of the research group was (16.3 ±4.4)°(t =4.93,P <0.000 1),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Dynamic articulars panning external fixation combined with limited internal fixation for the treatment of distal radius comminuted fracture effect is significant,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

AIM: To identify the effects of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor on NO production, expression of NOS and mean artery pressure (MAP) in rats with severe burns. METHODS: After administration of non-selective NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, and selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor, aminoguanidine (AG), to rats with severe burns, levels of NO - 2/NO - 3 in blood, mRNA expression of nerve NOS (nNOS) in lung and duodenum, MAP in each group were calculated. RESULTS: Levels of NO - 2/NO - 3 in blood of rats increased significantly post burn, which could be inhibited by L-NAME and AG, especially by L-NAME. Expression of nNOS mRNA in lung and duodenum of rats increased post burn, which could be enhanced by AG and L-NAME. MAP of rats decreased gradually post burn and administration of AG could slow down this process significantly. CONCLUSION: cNOS and iNOS could play different roles in the pathophysiology of burn shock. Over-expression of iNOS could be closely related to the pathogenesis of burn shock.

AIM: To study the effect of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) on the pathogenesis of burn shock. METHODS: Confluent endothelial cells were disintegrated and centrifugated to obtain cell lysates after being treated with 10% burn serum or PKG activator 8-Br-cGMP. PKG activity of lysates was measured with radioactive isotope label method in a reaction system of phosphorylation of specific substrate H2B by PKG, and the shape and the distribution of intracellular filamentous actin were detected by specific fluorescence staining. For the control study, the PKG specific inhibitor KT5823 were used to pretreat the endothelial cells before the administration of burn serum or PKG activator 8-Br-cGMP. RESULTS: Exposures to burn serum and 8-Br-cGMP led to a rapid time-dependent increase in endothelial PKG activity and the polar distribution of intracellular filamentous actin, and preincubation with KT5823 abolished those effects. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that burn serum induces PKG activation and the stress variety of filamentous actin in the vascular endothelial cells, which probably contributes to the endothelial hyperpermeability after burn shock. [

AIM: To investigate the variation of nitric oxide(NO) and NO synthase(NOS) in rats during the early stage of severe burn and their possible relation with prognosis of severe burns.METHODS: Levels of NO - 2/NO - 3, the metabolic products of NO, nNOS and iNOS protein in brain, lung and duodenum of rats were measured before and after burns. Survival times of rats in each group were also measured.RESULTS: Levels of NO - 2/NO - 3 in rats after burn increased remarkably, selective inducible NOS( iNOS) inhibitor aminoguanidine (AG), and nonselective NOS inhibitor L-NAME can inhibit this increasing. Levels of neuronal NOS(nNOS) protein in normal rats were low, and iNOS could not be detected. Levels of nNOS protein increased mildly in all observed tissues and the levels of iNOS protein increased remarkably after burn. Administration of L-NAME and AG made the increase of nNOS more apparently but could not affect the level of iNOS. Survival time of rats decreased in L-NAME group and increased in AG group compared to control group.CONCLUSION: Symptoms such as vascular ralaxation and hypotension in burn shock are connected mainly with over-increased iNOS. [

Objective To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery diseases. Methods78 patients with abdominal pain suspected to be superior mesenteric artery diseases underwent color Doppler ultrasonography. The results were compared with other imaging methods or findings in operation. Results4 patients with superior mesenteric artery embolization coincided with the founding in operation. 18 of the 22 patients suggested with superior mesenteric artery stenoses were confirmed by CTA or DSA. ConclusionColor Doppler ultrasonography can be used in diagnosis of superior mesenteric artery diseases.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of spinal ultrasound in children with congenital anomalies of spine. MethodsUltrasound findings of 36 children with congenital anomalies of spine were analyzed and compared with the finding of corresponding MRI or operation. ResultsUltrasound finding was the same as MRI in the anatomy in 31/36 children, in addition, it also could show the pulsatile motion and blood flow signals of conus medullaris. ConclusionSpinal ultrasound can present more other informations for diagnosis for congenital anomalies of spine, especially the blood supply of conus medullaris.