Objective To explore the effects of surgical castration and intermittent androgen blockade (IAB) in patients with advanced prostate cancer.Methods 115 cases of advanced prostate cancer were selected including 48 cases with drug castration receiving IAB and 67 cases with surgical castration.Before the treatment, 6 months and 1 years after the treatment, the quality of life of the two groups was investigated by the quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30 +QLQ-PR25).Results Compared with before treatment, the general health status of the patients in the drug castration group and the surgical castration group were significantly improved (P<0.01), the whole body and the local pain were relieved (P<0.01) and the micturition symptoms were controlled ( P<0.01 ).The overall quality of life of drug castration group and surgical castration group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the degree of sexual function was particularly affected (P<0.01), but the body function of patients in drug castration group restored to a certain extent in drug castration group after 1 year’s treatment(P<0.01), while the quality of life in patients of surgical castration did not reverse.Conclusion Both of surgical castration and androgen deprivation therapy can reduce the quality of life of patients with advanced prostate cancer, but the adverse effects of drug treatment on the quality of life can be recovered in treatment intermission.

Objective To apply Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste to the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.Methods 64 cases of lateral epicondylitis patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each with 32 ones.The subjects from the treatment group were treated with Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste,and the remained with ibuprofen sustained-release capsules.The results after one and two courses were analyzed statistically.Results After two-course treatment,the patient from the treatment group had an higher improvement rate than the others from the control group,with a P value less than 0.05.The treatment course of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,with a P value less than 0.05.Conclusion When compared with ibuprofen sustainedrelease capsule,Gukang gold far-infrared magnetic therapeutic paste is more effective for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.

Objective Interferon regulatory factors 3 (IRF-3) is a key transcription factor to regulate gene expression of interferon after virus infection. This study aims to look for new spliced isoforms of IRF-3 and to investigate their structures and functions. Methods RNA extracts from human embryonic kidney 293 cells were amplified by RACE and RT-PCR. New sequences were compared with published sequences of IRF-3 and murine EST database using bioinformatics method. A new sequence, IRF-3c, was subcloned into pcDNA3.1-flag. The IRF-3c/pcDNA3.1-flag plasmid was transfected in HEK 293 cells. Whole cell extract was analysed by Western blot and then probed with monoclonal Flag antibody. Luciferase assay was carried out by co-transfection with reporter plasmid, pGL2B with interferon ? promoter, and IRF-3c cDNA expression plasmid. At 16 hours posttransfection, cells were infected with Sendai virus for 8 hours. Cells were collected and assayed for luciferase activity. Results A novel spliced isoform of IRF-3, named IRF-3c was discovered. The new isoform is almost the same as IRF-3, except for the utilization of the 180 bp bases in intron 6 adjacent to exon 6. The first 2,3 and 4 bases are a stop codon, which may produce a protein with a truncated C-terminal stoped at amino acids 327. Western blot analysis confirmed an expected 44 kDa strong band. The new inserted bases can be found in murine EST database, suggesting a conservative function in evolution. The functional luciferase assay showed that IRF-3c inhibited the IFN? promoter activity to (around) 40%～50% as that of control after Sendai virus infection. Conclusions The discovery of a new isoform of IRF-3 provides a new insight into the functional regulation of IRF-3 family. It is a dominant-negative inhibitor for interferon ? promoter activity in the virus infection pathway, provides a mechanism for the fine-tuning of the virus-induced activation of the interferon response, and prevents interferon ? from its overexpression and its toxic effects. It is worthwhile to explore the role of IRF-3c in the pathogenesis of human diseases using IRF-3c’s specific sequence.

Histological characters of stems of Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. and C.chinense Gardn. et Champ. were described, compared and illustrated with line drawings. It was found that the following characters are important for disting uishing the two plants;(1) the type of stomata, vessels or fibres; (2) the presence or absence of secretory canal or tracheids.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of mutant influenza A viruses to the activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3). Methods HEK293 cells were infected with A/FM/1/47,A/HK/1/68, A/HK/1/68-MA20, A/HK/1/68-MA20C and positive control Sendai virus (SV). Whether the slowly moved phosphorylation form Ⅲ and Ⅳ of IRF-3 appeared or not was compared by Western blot in cells infected with these viruses. Wild type of NS1 from A/HK/1/68 and mutant NS1 from A/HK/1/68-MA20 were subcloned into pcDNA3.1-flag respectively. They were transfected in HEK 293 cells respectively. At 16 hours posttransfection, cells were infected with Sendai virus for 8 hours. Whole cell extracts were analyzed by Western blot and then probed with monoclonal flag antibody to check the expression of NS1, or with anti-IRF-3 to observe the inhibitory effects of the wild and mutant NS1 to the activated IRF-3. Luciferase assay was carried out by co-transfection with reporter plasmid, pGL2B with interferon ? promoter, and wild or mutant NS1 cDNA expression plasmid. SV was used to infect these cells after the co-transfection. Results Only less virulent A/HK/1/68-MA20 and positive control SV can activate IRF-3. Activated form Ⅲ and Ⅳ of IRF-3 began to appear 9 hours post infection (h.p.i), and most significant activated IRF-3 appeared 23 and 26 h.p.i. Sequence analysis of NS1 of MA20 revealed that nucleotide position number 94 is mutated from T to C, and amino acid at position number 23 is changed from valine to alanine. Co-transfected with wild type NS1 made form Ⅲ and Ⅳ of IRF-3 almost disappear, but not mutant NS1. In the luciferase functional analysis, wild type NS1 can inhibit the luciferase activity of IFN-? promoter, which was induced by SV, to around 1/10. Again no inhibitory effects was observed of mutant NS1 in the luciferase assay. Conclusion The mechanism that A/HK/1/68-MA20 can activate IRF-3 is that point mutant NS1 abolished the inhibitory function of NS1.

Object To study the effects of districts, seasonal variations and treatments in past harvest on the five main bioactive components in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Methods The contents of them in the bark and leaves of E ulmoides were determined by RP HPLC Results The contents of (+) pinoresinol di O ? D glucopyranoside (PG), (+) syringaresinol di O ? D glucopyranoside (SG), chorgenic acid (CGA), geniposide (GP), geniposidic acid (GA) among the sample of E ulmoides from different growing districts were obvious difference Besides, the amount of different bioactive components in the same sample had no correlation Seasonal variation and different past harvest treatments had great influence on the bioactive component in E ulmoide. Based on the monthly variation of their main bioactive component, the suitable seasons for harvest of the barks and leaves of E ulmoides are April, May and July respectively, and intracellular enzymes in the fresh barks and leaves collected should be inactivated imediately before drying to avoid lossing the bioactive components In addition, between the barks and leaves of E ulmoides, the major bioactive component had great differences, but had complementarity Conclusion The districts, seasonal variatons and past harvest treatments have great effects on the contents of five main bioactive components in the barks and leaves of E ulmooides, and the barks couldn't be replaced by the leaves simply

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and its indication of orbital fat flap for treating sunken upper eyelid in middle-aged and elder patients.

METHODSThe upper middle orbital fat was transferred to the sunken area as a flat flap to correct Sunken upper eyelid at grade I, II, III. The depression depth was graded as I (<0.5 cm), as II (0.5-1.0 cm), as III ( >1.0 cm). From April 2011 to April 2012, 66 cases were treated and 49 cases were followed up for 12-15 months.

RESULTSAll patients with sunken upper eyelid were successfully treated using this procedure and no complications were encountered. Fat absorption was not observed. The effective rate was 90.9% (20/22) for grade I , 31.0% (18/58) for grade II and 0 for grade III (0/18), showing significant difference between any of two groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe orbital fat flap is effective for grade I Sunken upper eyelid with long- term effect.

Adipose Tissue ; transplantation ; Aged ; Blepharoplasty ; methods ; Eyelids ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbit ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation

Objective To investigate the application value of perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) combined with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) in the treatment of choledocholithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with choledocholithiasis who were admitted to the Yijishan Hospital from January 2011 to December 2013 were prospectively analyzed.A single-blind,randomized,controlled study was performed in the 75 patients who were allocated into the control group and the enhanced recovery after surgery group (ERAS group) based on a random number table.All the patients underwent LCBDE,the patients in the control group received conventional perioperative management and the patients in the ERAS group received perioperative management according to enhanced recovery rehabilitation program.All the patients were followed up by outpatient interview till postoperative month 6.The clinical features,liver function and residual stones in the patients were observed.The operation time,postoperative complications,postoperative intestinal function recovery,duration of hospital stay and hospital expenses in the two groups were compared.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s.Comparison between groups were evaluated with an independant sample t test.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results All the 75 eligible patients undergoing successful operation were randomly divided into the control group (35 patients) and the ERAS group (40 patients).The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss in the control group and the ERAS group were (185 ±46)minutes and (124 ±28)mL,(178 ±37) minutes and (114 ±32)mL,respectively,with no significant difference (t =0.729,1.431,P ＞ 0.05).There were 12,14 and 10 patients in the control group and 5,6 and 4 patients in the ERAS group with postoperative incision pain,vomit and infection,showing a significant difference (x2=5.054,5.966,4.241,P ＜ 0.05).The level of white blood cell,alanine aminotrausferase and direct bilirubin in the control group and in the ERAS group were (11.4 ± 3.5) × 109/L,(128 ± 33)U/L,(38 ±14) μmol/L and (10.6 ± 3.0) × 109/L,(135 ± 35) U/L,(44 ± 16) μmol/L at postoperative day 1,compared with (7.8 ±2.9) × 109/L,(48 ± 14) U/L,(21 ± 8) μmol/L and (6.9 ±2.1) × 109/L,(43 ± 13) U/L,(20 ±7) μmol/L in the 2 groups at postoperative day 4,respectively,showing no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =1.018,-0.872,-1.767,1.553,1.836,1.044,P ＞ 0.05).The postoperative first flatus day,time of food intake,time of postoperative infusion and duration of hospital stay were (42 ± 13)hour,(45 ±14) hours,(6.8 ±2.3)days and (11.3 ±4.5)days in the control group,and (35± 11)hours,(19 ±7)hours,(4.2 ± 1.8) days and (9.6 ± 2.4) days in the ERAS group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.741,10.524,5.485,2.077,P ＜ 0.05).The total hospital expenses was (18 729 ± 3 127) yuan in the control group,which was significantly greater than (16 981 ±2 756) yuan in the ERAS group (t =2.574,P ＜ 0.05).The liver function of all the patients was recovered at the postoperative month 1.Four patients with residual stones in the 2 groups were detected by T-tube cholangiography,and were cured by removal of gallstones by choledochoscopy.There were no complications of the abdominal pain,jaundice and fever in all the patients till the end of follow-up.Conclusion ERAS combined with LCBDE for the treatment of choledocholithiasis is safe and feasible,with the advantages of low morbidity,quick recovery,short duration of hospital stay and less hospital expenses.

Objective To analyse tratment strategies and to evaluate the relation between different therapies and survival rate of patients of with asynchronous liver metastases after pancreatic cancer surgery (PCLM).Methods From January 2006 to January 2012,48 patients with PCLM were included in this study,and their medical records were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 48 patients,27 cases of liver metastases were found within six months after surgery,and the survival rate for 1,3 and 5 years was 22.2％,3.7％ and 0％,respectively,with the median survival of 6 months,and 21 cases of liver metastases were found after six months,and the survival rate for 1,3 and 5 years was 85.7％,30.6％ and 9.2％,with the median survival of 15 months,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).After pancreatic cancer surgery and adjuvant gemcitabine chemotherapy,the probability of liver metastases was 33.3％ (8/24) within six months,the median disease-free survival time was 8 months and the disease-free survival rate for 1,3 and 5 years was 20.8％,4.3％ and 0％.For patients without adjuvant gemcitabine chemotherapy,the probability of liver metastases was 79.2％ (19/24),the median disease-free survival time was 3 months and the disease-free survival rate for 1,3 and 5 years was 4.2％,0％ and 0％,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The overall survival for patients undergoing resection of liver metastases combined with gemcitabine treatment was better than the other groups (P ＜ 0.01).And the overall survival for patients undergoing transhepatic arterial embolization (TACE) combined with gemcitabine treatment was better than TACE group,gemcitabine group or the observation group (P ＜0.05).There were no difference in overall survival between TACE group,gemcitabine group and observation group.Conclusions Pancreatic cancer patients who develop liver metastasis within six months after surgery have poor prognosis,but postoperative chemotherapy can delay the development of liver metastasis.For patients with resectable lesion,resection of asynchronous liver metastasis is the treatment of choice,and TACE combined with gemcitabine has better efficacy than that of single treatment.