Objective To study the affecting factors of the activities of daily living in patients after abdominal surgery.Methods Using survey methodology,95 abdominal surgery patients were investigated br general condition questionnaire and Barthel index scales.The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis,t test,variance analysis and multiple regression analysis.Results The total number of valid return was 91.and the valid usable return rate was 95.8% .The affecting factors of recovery to ADL2 of abdominal surgery patients after operation were gender,age,education level,economic condition,type of illness,postoperation complications,operation times,nutrition risk scores and activities of daily living of preoperation,and the differences were significant.The affecting factors of recovery to ADL1 of abdominal surgery patients after operation were age,education level economic condition,marital status,type of illness,postoperation complications,nutrition risk scores and activities of daily living of preoperation,the differences wen significant.Conclusions The affecting factors of ADL of abdominal surgery patients after operation were gender,age,education level economic level,type of illness,postoperation complications,marital status,operation times,nutrition risk scores and activities of daily living of preoperation.

Teaching the foreign students clinical medicine in English in the earlier period of foreign students education has played a vital role but also has such problems as teachers,difficulties in the later teaching and so on.Through practice we find that it is necessary to transit the mode from teaching in English to bilingual education,and finally teaching in Chinese in the internship to conform with the present medical foreign students education situation.Therefore ability of teaching in English and proficiency in Chinese are needed to improved as soon as possible.

The aim is to explore a teaching-centered management system to suit the development of clinical medicine education for international students by setting the educational aim and making training plans in combination with the present condition of the university.All the aspects of teaching such as the establishment of the teaching rules,training of the teachers,reform in teaching,teaching material as well as the teaching and student management and the service in the dorm are strengthened,so as to ensure the steady development of the foreign students education.

Objective To investigate the effect of different pressure CO 2 pneumoperitoneum on early postoperative cognitive function in female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic sur-gery.Methods Ninety female patients,aged 40-60 years,ASA physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ,scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly divided into three groups (n = 30). The pressure of CO 2 pneumoperitoneum were set at 6-8,9-1 1 and 12-14 mm Hg in groups L,M and H,respectively.All of the patients were tested by the neuropsychology and questionnaire review to estimate whether the patient got cognitive decline at 24 h before the operation.The venous blood sam-ples 10 minutes before anesthesia (T1 ),at the end of surgery (T2 ),6 hours after surgery (T3 ),24 hours after surgery (T4 )and 72 hours after surgery (T5 )were collected for determination of serum concentrations of NSE and S100βprotein.The pH,PaCO 2 and PaO 2 were recorded before anesthesia (Ta ),before pneumoperitoneum (Tb ),1 hour after pneumoperitoneum (Tc ),2 hours after pneumo-peritoneum (Td )and 1 hour after stopping pneumoperitoneum (Te ).Results Scores of these tests in three groups were not different and there was no patient with cognitive decline after surgery.Com-pared with group H,the concentration of NSE at T2 and T3 was significantly lower in groups L and M (P <0.05).Compared with group H,the concentration of S100βprotein at T2 was significantly lower in groups L and M (P <0.05).Compared with group L,pH at Tc and Td was significantly decreased in groups M and H (P <0.05).Compared with group L,PaCO 2 was significantly increased at Tc-Te in groups M and H (P <0.05).Conclusion Different pressure of CO 2 pneumoperitoneum has no ob-vious effect on the early cognitive function,but low (6-8 mm Hg)CO 2 pneumoperitoneum can reduce the release of NSE and S100βprotein after operation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of neck point Bailao injection as main therapy plus acupuncture for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Method Two hundred patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were randomly allocated to treatment (neck point Bailao injection as main therapy plus acupuncture) and control (oral administration of Western medicines, e.g. nonsteroid diclofenac sodium as a main drug and meanwhile, mecobalamin tablets) groups. The therapeutic effects and pre-/post-treatment changes in clinical symptoms and signs, TCM syndrome, pains and numbness were observed in the two groups. Result The total efficacy rate was 86.0%in the treatment group and 75.0%in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was higher in the treatment group than in the control group. There were statistically significant differences in pre-/post-treatment clinical symptom and sign score difference values between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01), indicating that the symptoms and signs improved more in the treatment group than in control group. Conclusion Both treatments can improve the clinical symptoms and signs and relieve pains in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, but neck point Bailao injection as main therapy plus acupuncture is more effective than oral administration of Western medicines.

Objective To investigate the effect of different pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum on function of liver and kidney in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy.Methods A total of sixty pa-tients,aged 40-65 years,scheduled for elective laparoscopic gastrectomy were randomly divided into three groups (n=20).The pressures of CO2 pneumoperitoneum were set at 6-8,9-11 and 12-14 mm Hg in group L,group M and group H respectively.The venous blood samples before pneumoperitoneum (T1 ),1 hour after pneumoperitoneum(T2 ),2 hour after pneumoperitoneum (T3 ),1 hour(T4 )and 24 hours(T5 )after stopping pneumoperitoneum were collected for determination of serum concentrations of NAG,Cys-C, ALT,AST,Cr,BUN and the amount of urine.pH,PaCO2 ,PaO2 were recorded at T1-T4 .Results ALT, AST,Cr and BUN were not different at T1-T5 in the three groups.Compared with group L,the concentra-tion of NAG and Cys-C at T2-T5 were significantly higher in the group M and H (P <0.05).Compared with group L,the amount of urine at T2-T5 was significantly lower in the group M and H (P <0.05 ), PaCO2 was significantly increased in the group H and M at T2-T4 (P <0.05).Conclusion The pressure of 6-8 mm Hg CO2 pneumoperitoneum can alleviate the damage of function of liver and kidney in patients un-dergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND:Among many transplanted cells,adult autologous bone barrow-derived mononuclear cells have beenused in clinical practice because they are easy to be obtained,without immunological rejection and ethical disputationand other advantages.How to distinguish donor cells from receptors and observe the survival of donor cells following stem cell transplantation still trouble people.OBJECTIVE: superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)particles-labeled bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells from minipigs were used to observe the feasibility of in vivo tracking with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).DESIGN:A controlled observation experiment.SETTING:Institute of Cardiovascular Disease,Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University.MATERIALS:This experiment was carried out in the Institute of Cardiovascular Disease,Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University between April 2006 and August 2006.Healthy Chinese minipigs,aged 3 to 4 months,weighing from 20 to 30 kg,were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Southeast University[SYXK(Su)2002-0012].METHODS: Autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells of minipigs were isolated and cultured. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells in the suspension were traced with SPIO particles.Ferrum in the cells were shown by Prussian blue staining, and cell viability was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion method. Eleven minipigs used for preparation of model of myocardial infarction were divided into experimental group(n=9)and control group(n=2).By means of percutaneous left or right cervical artery or femoral artery puncturation, 1.5 to 2.0 mm balloon was used to occlude 1/3 left anterior descending branch,304 to 405 kPa,60 minutes later,ischemic preconditioning was conducted 3 tO 4 times before operation. When pig models of myocardial infarction were successful that was proved by surface electrocardiogram,bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were percutaneously injected into coronary artery.Coronary arteriography was performed through femoral artery acupuncture at 24 hours after establishing infarction models.Suspension of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells was perfused into coronary artery with OTW catheter.Then,the injector and OTW catheter for containing cells were rinsed with normal saline containing heparin and infused with the residual cells within 10 minutes.Non-labeled cells were perfused in 2 minipigs of control group by the same method.Postoperatively, bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were traced by magnetic resonance and compared with Prussian blue-stained myocardial tissue sections.RESULTS: Seven minipigs of experimental group and one minipig of control group were Involved in the final analysis.One of each group was used for preparation of model of myocardial Infarction.One minipig of experimental group died from anesthetic accident before magnetic resonance.①Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells all were nearly labeled by SPIO particles. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells could further proliferate in culture medium containing Fe2O3-PLL without obvious changes of cellular shape. ②T2+WI showed that 5 of 8 models of myocardial infarction presented fuzzy low-echo signal region in peripheral myocardial infarction after transplantation of labeled cells and the low-echo signal disappeared 4 weeks Iater. Ex vivo T2+WI sequence showed there was a dot-distributed low-echo signal region in the peripheral infarction region.③It was found in histological examination that 5 models(cell number over 106) had Prussian blue-positive cells,which distributed the same as those in magnetic resonance signal reducing region.CONCLUSION:SPIO particles-labeled bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells are safe and effective;T2+ WI is sensitive to tracing SPIO particles-labeled bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells;Magnetic resonance can in vivo trace SPIO particles-labeled stem cells transplanted through coronary artery,magnetic resonance signal change is related with the number of stem cells and division growth.

Objective Comparation of the effects of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine on coughing during extubation after endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods 60 patients who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy were randomly divided into group L, group D and group C, each group included 20 cases. Group L were given a loading lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by a continuous intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/ (kg·h) until 30 min before the end of surgery. Group D were given a loading dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by a continuous intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg/ (kg · h) until 30 min before the end of surgery. Group C were given intravenous infusion of equal volume normal saline. The incidence and severity of coughing were recorded within 2 minutes after extubation. Hemodynamic variables were measured at T0 (before anaesthesia induction) , T1 (immediately after extubation) , and T2 (5 min after extubation). The volume of drainage was recorded within 24 hours after surgery. Results The incidence and grade of cough were significantly lower in group L and group D than in group C (P < 0.05). Compared with group L and group D, MAP and HR were significantly increased in group C at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). Compared with group C, the volume of drainage was significantly reduced in group L and group D within 24 hours after surgery (P < 0.05).Conclusion Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine can effectively inhibit coughing during extubation period after endoscopic thyroidectomy, and there is no significant difference between the two treatments.

This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of adrenergic system in the subnucleus commissuriu of nucleus solitrius tractus (CNTS) on renal nerve discharges. Norepinephrine (NE) was microinjected into the CNTS of rabbits and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and renal nerve discharges (FRND) were synchronously recorded. The results indicated that (1) microinjection of norepinephine into the CNTS of rabbit could significantly attenuate the frequency of renal nerve discharge, and at the same time decrease markedly the mean arterial pressure. (2) Microinjection of 0.3 nmol yohimbin into CNTS had no significant influence on FRND and MAP, but could attenuate and even reverse the effects of NE on FRND and MAP. These results suggest that microinjection of NE into CNTS may activate the alpha-adrenorecptor located in CNTS and secondarily produce a depressor effect by attenuating the activity of periphenal sympathetic nervous system.
Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Kidney/*innervation ; Microinjections ; Norepinephrine/*pharmacology ; Solitary Nucleus/*physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/drug effects ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiopathology ; Vasomotor System/physiopathology

Summary: This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of adrenergic system in the subnucleus commissuriu of nucleus solitrius tractus (CNTS) on renal nerve discharges. Norepinephrine (NE) was microinjected into the CNTS of rabbits and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and renal nerve discharges (FRND) were synchronously recorded. The results indicated that (1) microinjection of norepinephine into the CNTS of rabbit could significantly attenuate the frequency of renal nerve discharge, and at the same time decrease markedly the mean arterial pressure. (2) Microinjection of 0.3 nmol yohimbin into CNTS had no significant influence on FRND and MAP, but could attenuate and even reverse the effects of NE on FRND and MAP. These results suggest that microinjection of NE into CNTS may activate the alpha-adrenorecptor located in CNTS and secondarily produce a depressor effect by attenuating the activity of peripheral sympathetic nervous system.