Objective: To analyze the occurrence and risk factors of various occupational hazard incidents in China's power grid enterprises. Methods: A total of 4 191 workers from eight power grid enterprises in Jilin Province, Shandong Province, and Chongqing City were selected using a convenience sampling method. Their exposure in workplace and the occurrence of various occupational hazard incidents from 2018 to 2020 were investigated. Results: Among the participants, 71.7% were engaged in outdoor operations. The incidence rates of occupational hazard emergency, ranking from high to low, were electric ophthalmia, acute mountain sickness, heatstroke, electro-flash dermatitis, sunburn, cold injury, solar ophthalmia, and gas poisoning in confined space, with the rate of 42.3%, 42.3%, 38.1%, 24.3%, 17.4%, 16.5%, 10.0%, and 1.3%, respectively (P<0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that workers in Jilin Province had a higher risk of cold injury compared to those in Shandong Province and Chongqing City (all P<0.01). Workers in Chongqing City had a higher risk of solar ophthalmia than those in Jilin Province (P<0.01). Workers in inspection and maintenance positions had a higher risk of heatstroke and sunburn compared to those in substation positions (all P<0.05). Power grid workers with protective systems in enterprises had a lower risk of sunburn and solar ophthalmia compared to those without protective systems (all P<0.01). The risks of sunburn and solar ophthalmia among power grid workers increased with age and daily outdoor working time (all P<0.05). Taking protective measures was a protective factor against heatstroke and cold injury (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Power grid workers face the risk of various occupational hazard incidents. Relevant organizations should conduct targeted preventive measures based on regional and worker characteristics, and ensure the implementation of protective systems in different work environments.

Objective:To observe the effect of point application-invigorate the spleen and kidney, circulation of blood formula (PA) combined with five-animal exercise (FAE) on improving the nutritional status for asthenia of patients with dialysis, and provide evidence for the rehabilitation treatment of dialysis patients.Methods:According to the random number table method, a total of 80 patients treated with regular dialysis at Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from April 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. Participants in the control group received regular dialysis, basic treatment and diet nursing (RBD). Participants in the experimental group received RBD plus PA+FAE. Labaratory test results, Subjective Global Assessment scale score and Traditional Chinese medicine symptom score were measured at baseline and 12-weeks after the intervention. The Fried Frailty scale score was measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the intervention.Results:The control group aged (54.08 ± 11.34) years old, 23 males, 17 females; the experimental group aged (57.38±9.89) years old, 19 males, 21 females. After 4, 8 and 12 weeks of intervention, the Fried Frailty Scale scores of the experimental group at different time points were 2 (2, 2), 1 (1, 2) and 1 (0, 1), respectively, lower than 3 (2, 4), 2 (2, 3) and 2 (2, 3) of the control group, and the differences in time effect, inter-group effect and interaction effect were statistically significant ( F=105.76, 18.38, 46.67, all P<0.01). Further pairwise comparisons within groups indicated significant differences of Fried Frailty scale scores at different time points ( Z=-2.78, -4.01, -6.08, all P<0.01). After 12-week of intervention, the results of hemoglobin, serum albumin and serum prealbumin were (107.88 ± 15.58) g/L, (39.10 ± 4.92) g/L, and (289.36 ± 72.05) mg/L in the experimental group, respectively, higher than (100.15 ± 17.62) g/L, (36.93 ± 4.72) g/L, (255.63 ± 75.35) mg/L in the control group ( t=-2.08, -2.01, -2.05, all P<0.05). Subjective Overall Assessment scale was found a significant difference between the 2 groups ( χ2=10.91, P<0.01): the number of grade A (good nutrition) and B (mild to moderate malnutrition) were 36 and 4 in the experimental group and 23 and 17 in the control group. Traditional Chinese medicine symptom score was (4.68 ± 2.50) in the experimental group, lower than (9.58 ± 4.40) in the control group ( t=6.13, P<0.01). Conclusions:Point application-invigorate the spleen and kidney and circulation of blood formula combined with five-animal exercise can effectively improve the nutritional status of dialysis patients and reduce the weakness of patients

Objective To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in retirees from a community in Shanghai. Methods Observational study involved 9 943 retirees aged 50 and over in Shanghai. Both single factor and multi-factor analyses methods were used to describe the correlation between factors as:educational level,marital status,annual household income and risk of hypertension,coronary heart disease,stroke etc. A new defined compound index was used to assess the relevance of socioeconomic status on the risk of cardiovascular diseases,based on logistic regression model. Results After adjusted for age,the risk of cardiovascular diseases in these retirees was influenced by socioeconomic status. In general, opponent correlations in education levels and prevalence of hypertension were found between female and male. Compared with those having received college or higher education,the risk of hypertension increased in females when the education level declined,with OR as 1.08(95%CI:0.89-1.30). For those having had senior high school junior high school or elementary education,the risks of hypertension were 1.26(95%CI:1.05-1.51),1.34(95%CI:1.08-1.65),0.72(95%CI:0.59-0.87),0.78 (95%CI:0.64-0.94),and 0.70(95%CI:0.52-0.92)for males,respectively. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increased with annual household income. Compared with high level of socioeconomic status, lower socioeconomic status might decline the risk of cardiovascular diseases in males by approximately 30%,with OR for medium being 0.72(95%CI:0.61-0.84)and for lower ones it was 0.70(95%CI:0.57-0.87). However,similar correlations were not found in females. No significant relationship was found between marital status and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this study. Conclusion The risks of cardiovascular diseases varied with different socioeconomic status, indicating that tailored interventions should be conducted in different socioeconomic groups.

ObjectiveTo develop a questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers, and test its reliability and validity. MethodsA theoretical framework was constructed based on the contents of the respiratory rehabilitation course modules of American Association of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and American Association for Respiratory Care. The first draft of the questionnaire was prepared through literature searches and analyses, semi-structured interviews, and expert group discussions. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was tested by interviewing 17 respiratory rehabilitation professionals and 16 respiratory rehabilitation experts by correspondence, and investigating 380 cases of in-service healthcare workers engaged in respiratory rehabilitation. ResultsThe knowledge needs questionnaire of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers included progress in respiratory rehabilitation, physiological basis and diagnosis of chronic lung diseases, individualized assessment and management principles of chronic lung diseases, treatment of chronic lung diseases and guideline-recommended medications, oxygen therapy, exercise assessment and exercise prescription, tobacco addiction and cessation, nutritional assessment and weight management, psychological screening and intervention, self-management and health behavior promotion, and effectiveness assessment of respiratory rehabilitation, totaling eleven dimensions and 52 items. The total Cronbach's α was 0.921, the total folded half reliability was 0.904, the total retest reliability was 0.922, and the Cronbach's α of each dimension ranged from 0.909 to 0.953; the folded half reliabilities ranged from 0.882 to 0.924, and the retest reliabilities ranged from 0.908 to 0.950. The validity of the questionnaire's content was 0.902. In exploratory factor analysis, eleven metric factors were extracted, and their cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.324%. ConclusionThe questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers is reliable and valid, and can be used to assess the knowledge needs of healthcare workers participating in in-service training in respiratory rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in retirees from a community in Shanghai.

METHODSObservational study involved 9 943 retirees aged 50 and over in Shanghai. Both single factor and multi-factor analyses methods were used to describe the correlation between factors as:educational level, marital status, annual household income and risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke etc. A new defined compound index was used to assess the relevance of socioeconomic status on the risk of cardiovascular diseases, based on logistic regression model.

RESULTSAfter adjusted for age, the risk of cardiovascular diseases in these retirees was influenced by socioeconomic status. In general, opponent correlations in education levels and prevalence of hypertension were found between female and male. Compared with those having received college or higher education, the risk of hypertension increased in females when the education level declined, with OR as 1.08 (95% CI:0.89-1.30). For those having had senior high school junior high school or elementary education, the risks of hypertension were 1.26 (95%CI:1.05-1.51), 1.34 (95%CI:1.08-1.65), 0.72 (95%CI:0.59-0.87),0.78 (95%CI:0.64-0.94), and 0.70 (95%CI:0.52-0.92) for males, respectively. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increased with annual household income. Compared with high level of socioeconomic status, lower socioeconomic status might decline the risk of cardiovascular diseases in males by approximately 30%, with OR for medium being 0.72 (95%CI:0.61-0.84) and for lower ones it was 0.70 (95% CI:0.57-0.87). However, similar correlations were not found in females. No significant relationship was found between marital status and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this study.

CONCLUSIONThe risks of cardiovascular diseases varied with different socioeconomic status, indicating that tailored interventions should be conducted in different socioeconomic groups.

Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors