Objective To investigate the association between helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection and the prevalence of Crohn's disease (CD).Methods 107 patients who diagnosed as CD were selected.H.pylori infection was detected by rapid urea test by endoscopy.H.pylori infection rate was compared between CD group and control group,followed by a subgroup analysis based on lesion position of CD.Results There were 107 patients in the CD group and 92 patients in the control group.There were no statistically significant differences in age,sex and BMI between the CD group and control group(all P ＞ 0.05).However,the CD group showed significantly higher rates of smoking history(37.38％) and alcohol intake (19.63％) compared with the control group(x2 =7.40,P ＜ 0.01;x2 =7.64,P ＜0.01).The H.pylori infection rate in the CD group was 28.97％,which was significantly lower than 60.87％ in the control group (x2 =20.46,P ＜ 0.01).The H.pylori infection rate in the four subgroups were also significantly lower than those in the control group (x2 =6.88,P ＜ 0.01;x2 =5.48,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =13.44,P ＜ 0.01;x2 =7.20,P ＜ 0.01).However,there was no statistically significant difference in the H.pylori infection rate among these four subgroups (x2 =0.15,P =0.98).Conclusion H.pylori infection may play a protective role in the patients with CD and there is no significant association between potential protective effect and the change of lesion position.

Objective:The aim of this study is to analyze the distribution features of patients with solitary plasmacytoma and calculate the prevalence of solitary plasmacytoma in China in the year 2016.Methods:This study was based on China’s urban employees’ basic medical insurance and the urban residences’ basic medical insurance from 21 provinces from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. Patients with solitary plasmacytoma were identified by disease names and codes. Subgroup analyses were carried out by sex, region, and age. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. Age-adjusted prevalence was calculated based on the 2010 Chinese census data, the 2013 Revised European Standard Population, the 2010 US population, and the 2011 Australian population.Results:In 2016, the prevalence of solitary plasmacytoma in China was 1.18 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 1.06-1.31) , with 1.26 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 1.10-1.43) and 1.10 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 0.93-1.29) for males and females, respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence based on the 2010 Chinese census data was 0.85 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 0.82-0.88) . Conclusion:This study estimated the prevalence of solitary plasmacytoma in China on the basis of the national urban medical insurance, which can provide clues for the enactment of solitary plasmacytoma-related medical policies and basic studies about solitary plasmacytoma.

Objective To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in retirees from a community in Shanghai. Methods Observational study involved 9 943 retirees aged 50 and over in Shanghai. Both single factor and multi-factor analyses methods were used to describe the correlation between factors as:educational level,marital status,annual household income and risk of hypertension,coronary heart disease,stroke etc. A new defined compound index was used to assess the relevance of socioeconomic status on the risk of cardiovascular diseases,based on logistic regression model. Results After adjusted for age,the risk of cardiovascular diseases in these retirees was influenced by socioeconomic status. In general, opponent correlations in education levels and prevalence of hypertension were found between female and male. Compared with those having received college or higher education,the risk of hypertension increased in females when the education level declined,with OR as 1.08(95%CI:0.89-1.30). For those having had senior high school junior high school or elementary education,the risks of hypertension were 1.26(95%CI:1.05-1.51),1.34(95%CI:1.08-1.65),0.72(95%CI:0.59-0.87),0.78 (95%CI:0.64-0.94),and 0.70(95%CI:0.52-0.92)for males,respectively. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increased with annual household income. Compared with high level of socioeconomic status, lower socioeconomic status might decline the risk of cardiovascular diseases in males by approximately 30%,with OR for medium being 0.72(95%CI:0.61-0.84)and for lower ones it was 0.70(95%CI:0.57-0.87). However,similar correlations were not found in females. No significant relationship was found between marital status and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this study. Conclusion The risks of cardiovascular diseases varied with different socioeconomic status, indicating that tailored interventions should be conducted in different socioeconomic groups.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological features of patients with plasma cell leukemia (PCL) and calculate the prevalence of PCL in urban China in 2016.Methods:Calculation in this study was based on China's urban basic medical insurance from 23 provinces between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. The identification of the patients with PCL was based on the disease names and codes in the claim data. Subgroup analyses were carried out by sex, region, and age. To test the robustness of the results, we performed sensitivity analyses. Age-adjusted prevalence was calculated, based on the 2010 Chinese census data.Results:The prevalence of PCL in urban China in 2016 was 0.11 per 100 000 population (95% CI 0.05-0.19) , and the male prevalence and female prevalence were 0.12 per 100 000 population (95% CI 0.06-0.21) and 0.10 per 100 000 population (95% CI 0.04-0.19) , respectively. The prevalence of PCL peaked at 70-79 years old. Sensitivity analyses proved the robustness of the primary result. The age-adjusted prevalence based on 2010 Chinese census data was 0.12 per 100 000 population (95% CI 0.11-0.13) . Conclusion:This study firstly analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of PCL in China, which can provide evidence for the research and policies regarding PCL.

ObjectiveTo develop a questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers, and test its reliability and validity. MethodsA theoretical framework was constructed based on the contents of the respiratory rehabilitation course modules of American Association of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and American Association for Respiratory Care. The first draft of the questionnaire was prepared through literature searches and analyses, semi-structured interviews, and expert group discussions. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was tested by interviewing 17 respiratory rehabilitation professionals and 16 respiratory rehabilitation experts by correspondence, and investigating 380 cases of in-service healthcare workers engaged in respiratory rehabilitation. ResultsThe knowledge needs questionnaire of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers included progress in respiratory rehabilitation, physiological basis and diagnosis of chronic lung diseases, individualized assessment and management principles of chronic lung diseases, treatment of chronic lung diseases and guideline-recommended medications, oxygen therapy, exercise assessment and exercise prescription, tobacco addiction and cessation, nutritional assessment and weight management, psychological screening and intervention, self-management and health behavior promotion, and effectiveness assessment of respiratory rehabilitation, totaling eleven dimensions and 52 items. The total Cronbach's α was 0.921, the total folded half reliability was 0.904, the total retest reliability was 0.922, and the Cronbach's α of each dimension ranged from 0.909 to 0.953; the folded half reliabilities ranged from 0.882 to 0.924, and the retest reliabilities ranged from 0.908 to 0.950. The validity of the questionnaire's content was 0.902. In exploratory factor analysis, eleven metric factors were extracted, and their cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.324%. ConclusionThe questionnaire on the knowledge needs of respiratory rehabilitation training for in-service healthcare workers is reliable and valid, and can be used to assess the knowledge needs of healthcare workers participating in in-service training in respiratory rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between socioeconomic status and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in retirees from a community in Shanghai.

METHODSObservational study involved 9 943 retirees aged 50 and over in Shanghai. Both single factor and multi-factor analyses methods were used to describe the correlation between factors as:educational level, marital status, annual household income and risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke etc. A new defined compound index was used to assess the relevance of socioeconomic status on the risk of cardiovascular diseases, based on logistic regression model.

RESULTSAfter adjusted for age, the risk of cardiovascular diseases in these retirees was influenced by socioeconomic status. In general, opponent correlations in education levels and prevalence of hypertension were found between female and male. Compared with those having received college or higher education, the risk of hypertension increased in females when the education level declined, with OR as 1.08 (95% CI:0.89-1.30). For those having had senior high school junior high school or elementary education, the risks of hypertension were 1.26 (95%CI:1.05-1.51), 1.34 (95%CI:1.08-1.65), 0.72 (95%CI:0.59-0.87),0.78 (95%CI:0.64-0.94), and 0.70 (95%CI:0.52-0.92) for males, respectively. The risk of cardiovascular diseases increased with annual household income. Compared with high level of socioeconomic status, lower socioeconomic status might decline the risk of cardiovascular diseases in males by approximately 30%, with OR for medium being 0.72 (95%CI:0.61-0.84) and for lower ones it was 0.70 (95% CI:0.57-0.87). However, similar correlations were not found in females. No significant relationship was found between marital status and the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this study.

CONCLUSIONThe risks of cardiovascular diseases varied with different socioeconomic status, indicating that tailored interventions should be conducted in different socioeconomic groups.

Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors