OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the effect of desloratadine citrate disodium in the decre-mental treatment of chronic urticaria. METHODS:212 patients with chronic urticaria were randomly divided into decremental treat-ment group and control group. Decremental treatment group was treated with Desloratadine citrate disodium capsules 17.6 mg in the first week,orally,qd;8.8 mg in the second week,orally,qd;8.8 mg in the third week,orally,qod;and 8.8 mg in the fourth week,orally,q3d. Control group was treated with Desloratadine citrate disodium capsules 8.8 mg,orally,qd. The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks. The clinic data was observed,including clinical efficacy,and serum IgE,clinical symptom scores before and after treatment,recurrence rate and incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS:The differences were not statistical-ly significant in the total effective rate and incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). The recurrence rate in decre-mental treatment was significantly lower than control group(P<0.05). When treatment ended and after 4 weeks of drug withdraw-al,serum IgE levels in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and decremental treatment group was lower than control group(P<0.01);the IgE level in control group was signiciantly higher after 4 weeks of drug withdrawal(P<0.01)than the end of treatment. After treatment,clinical sympton scores in 2 groups were significantly lower than before(P<0.01),however the ditferenc-es was not significant between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Desloratadine citrate disodium have similar clinical efficacies and safety in the decremental treatment and conventional treatment of chronic urticaria. However,decremental treatment of deslo-ratadine citrate disodium is better than conventional treatment in terms of improving the level of IgE.

Objective To examine the relationship between hematocrit and risk of long term mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 274 patients with acute myocardial infarction were recruited and divided into two groups by death after long term follow-up, the relationship between hematocrit and mortality was evaluated through the methods of independent t-test,chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis. Results The mean age was 69. 79 ± 7.45 years, with 73. 0% of male. The average of followup was 44. 4± 10. 7 months, with mortality of 38.7% . Comparison of baseline data showed that NYHA classification, smoking history, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean red cell volume, glomerular filtration rate, ejection fraction,left ventricular diastolic diameter and right ventricular diameter was significantly different between the two groups( Ps ＜ 0. 05), Multivariable logistic analysis showed that hematocrit ,glomerular filtration rate, ejection fraction and smoking history were independently predicted factors, with OR of 0. 904 (95% CI: 0. 832 - 0. 982,P =0. 016) ,0. 983 (95% CI: 0. 969 -0. 996,P =0. 014) ,0. 932 (95% CI: 0. 887 -0. 979,P =0. 005) and 3. 230 (95% CI: 1.468 - 7. 106, P = 0. 004), respectively. The power of hematocrit to predict mortality was examined by ROC curves, the area under the curve was 0. 669(P ＜ 0. 001,95% CI: 0. 603 - 0. 736) Conclusion Hematocrit is a significant independent predictor for long term death among patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of anemia in male and female patients with chronic systolic heart failure (CSHF).Methods Data of in-hospital patients with CSHF were investigated between 2000 and 2010 from 12 hospitals in Hubei Province.Patients were divided into normal hemoglobin (Hb) group,mild anemia group,moderate anemia group,severe and extreme anemia group.According to age,body mass index (BMI) and correction of glomerular filtration rate (GFRc),patients were divided into several subgroups,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determinate the associated factors with anemia.Kaplan-Meier curve was performed to evaluate the difference in all-cause mortality in male and female patients with anemia.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportion hazard analysis was performed to determinate the risk of all-cause mortality among different anemia group in male and female patients.Results A total of 16681 patients were enrolled.Anemia accounted for 23.79％ and 27.29％,separately,in male and female patients with CSHF.BMI and GFRc were related to anemia in both male and female patients with CSHF,while only age was related to anemia for female patients with CSHF.The hazard ratio of all-cause mortality was 1.08 (P ＜ 0.01),1.13 (P ＜ 0.O1) and 1.02 (P =0.74),respectively,for all,male and female anemia patients with CSHF,compared to normal Hb group.Compared to normal Hb group,the hazard ratio of mild anemia group,moderate anemia group,severe and extreme anemia group was 1.05 (P =0.14),1.20 (P ＜0.01) and 1.36 (P ＜0.01),respectively,for all CSHF patients;1.11 (P ＜ 0.01),1.35 (P ＜ 0.01) and 1.37 (P ＜ 0.01),respectively,for male;0.96 (P=0.48),1.08 (P=0.40) and3.47 (P＜0.01),respectively,for female.Conclusions Compared to male,female patients suffer higher prevalence of anemia in patients with CSHF.There is a significant difference in risk factors and prognosis of anemia between male and female patients with CSHF.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVDD) in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (CHF).Methods A retrospective study was conducted with clinical data of inpatients from 12 third-grade class-A hospitals of Hubei Province between 2000 to 2010,followed up by phone calls.Based on RVDD,patients diagnosed with chronic systolic CHF were divided into four groups:＞38 mm,31-38 mm,25-30 mm and ＜25 mm groups;based on prognosis,patients were divided into the death group and the survival group.Of the death group,patients were further divided into the heart failure death subgroup and the sudden cardiac death subgroup.Single-factor and multi-factor Cox survival analyses were conducted to analyze the relationships between RVDD and mortality,including all-cause mortality,CHF mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD).Results A total of 16681 patients were enrolled in this study.They were followed up for 1-4 years,during which 6453 died.Multivariate Cox survival analysis showed that the mortality risk for patients with RVDD between 25-30 mm,between 31-38 mm,and ＞38 mm groups was 1.87,2.41,3.95 times that for patients with RVDD＜25 mm,respectively (95％CI:1.64-2.13,2.06-2.80,3.61-4.32,all P＜0.01).The risk of sudden cardiac death for patients with RVDD＞38mm was 3.82 times that for patients with RVDD＜25 mm (95％CI:2.27-5.94,P＜0.01).The areas under the ROC curve for death by the best prediction model alone and RVDD combined with the best respectively.RVDD increased the areas under the ROC curve for all cause mortality,CHF mortality and sudden cardiac death.The best prediction model combined with RVDD could discriminate between total mortality,heart failure mortality and sudden cardiac death for patients with different causes of death in multivariate analysis.Conclusions RVDD has a predictive value in the prognosis of patients with chronic systolic heart failure.RVDD increases the sensitivity and specificity of the best prediction model for total mortality prediction in patients with chronic systolic heart failure.RVDD increases the sensitivity and specificity of the best prediction model to discriminate between all-cause mortality,heart failure mortality and sudden cardiac death in patients with different causes of death.RVDD＞38 mm can serve as an indicator for the assessment of sudden cardiac death in CHF patients.

Objective To determine the prognostic value of fight ventricular end-diastollc diameter (RVDD)in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods The clinical data of the in-hospital patients diagnosed as CHF were analyzed retrospectively.Telephone follow-up was carried out for all participants.The patients were divided into the survival group and death groups according to their clinical outcomes.The relationship between RVDD and death was evaluated by independent t-test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results 1552 in-hospital patients were enrolled into the study.The mean age was 64.62 ± 10.45 years old,with 879(56.64％)male.After 3 years' follow-up,439(28.29％)patients died.Comparison of baseline data showed that gender,age,SBP,NYHA classification,the serum level of creatinine,LVEF,LVDD and RVDD were significantly different between the two groups(P ＜ 0.01);Multivariable logistic analysis showed that RVDD(OR=1.11,95％ CI:1.07-1.14,P ＜0.01),age(OR =1.03,95％ CI:1.02-1.05,P ＜0.01),creatinine(OR =1.02,95 ％ CI:1.01-1.04,P ＜ 0.01),LVEF(OR =0.93,95 ％ CI:0.92-0.97,P ＜ 0.01),LVDD(OR =1.13,95％ CI:1.09-1.17,P ＜0.01)and NYHA classification(OR =1.17,95％ CI:1.12-1.24,P ＜ 0.01)were independent predicting factors for the death of CHF patients.The power of RVDD to predict mortality was examined by ROC curves.The area under the curve was 0.805(95％ CI:0.798-0.812,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion RVDD increases the risk of death in patients with CHF.RVDD is a significant independent predictor for death among patients with CHF.

The cDNA fragment of JEV prME gene was cloned into the baculovirus shuttle vector (bacmid) to construct a recombinant baculovirus vector, defined as AcBac-prME. Then the recombinant baculovirus Ac-prME was obtained by transfecting Sf9 cells with AcBac-prME. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence results indicated that both prM and E proteins were efficiently expressed in Sf9 cells. Electron microscopy suggested that prME was assembled into JEV-VLPs. To further evaluate the potential of JEV-VLPs as vaccine, the mice were immunized with JEV-VLPs and then challenged with lethal JEV. The results of mice survival and pathological changes demonstrated that the JEV-VLPs performed complete protection against JEV-P3 strain and relieved pathological changes in the mice brain significant. This study suggest that JEV-VLPs would be a potential vaccine for Japanese encephalitis virus.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; immunology ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Humans ; Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Sf9 Cells ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined ozone hydrotherapy for the treatment of atopic dermatitis(AD). Methods A total of 60 patients with moderate or severe AD aged from 6 to 65 years were enrolled, and randomly and equally divided into a test group and a control group. Both the two groups were treated with oral levocetirizine capsules 5 mg once a day, topical tacrolimus ointment twice a day, and topical moisturizers. The test group was additionally treated with ozone hydrotherapy 3- 5 times every week. The treatment lasted 2 weeks. The severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, dermatology life quality index (DLQI) or children′s dermatology life quality index (CDLQI) score were assessed before and after the treatment, and compared between the two groups. Enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was performed to measure the levels of interleukin?4(IL?4)and nerve growth factor(NGF)in peripheral blood from the patients before and after the treatment. Results After 2?week treatment, the SCORAD scores, VAS scores and DLQI/CDLQI scores significantly decreased from 42.13 ± 16.03, 7.14 ± 2.12 and 14.92 ± 5.94 before the treatment to 27.3 ± 11.01, 2.23 ± 1.31 and 9.69 ± 4.17 respectively in the test group(all P<0.05), and from 43.36 ± 17.78, 6.45 ± 1.29 and 15.15 ± 5.40 to 39.65 ± 16.67, 3.32 ± 0.87 and 12.84 ± 5.37 respectively in the control group(all P<0.05). In addition, all the three scores were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group after 2?week treatment(all P<0.05). A significant decline was also observed in the levels of IL?4 and NGF in peripheral blood in the two groups at the end of the treatment compared with those at baseline(all P<0.05), and the magnitude of decline in IL?4 levels was significantly higher in the test group than in the control group(t=8.57, P<0.05), while that in NGF levels was insignificantly different between the two groups(t=9.51, P>0.05). Conclusion Combined ozone hydrotherapy can effectively and safely improve the condition of patients with AD, likely by decreasing the levels of IL?4 in peripheral blood.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of propranolol for problematic infantile hemangiomas. METHODS: Oral propranolol was administered to 68 infants with heamngiomas diagnosed by clinical evaluation and adjuvant examination at 1.0~2.0 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, divided to 2 or 3 times. The patients revisited once a month. The changes of the tumor size, texture, and color were monitored and recorded at a regular interval.The adverse effects after medication were observed and managed accordingly.The short-term results were evaluated using a 4-grade system. RESULTS: All the 68 infants were followed up for 3-13 months, except that 1 infants combined with other diseases and 4 withdrew.The overall response was Scale 1 in 8 infants, Scale II in 13, Scale III in 29, and Scale IV in 13. No serious adverse effects were seen, but none cured entirely as well. CONCLUSION Oral propranolol is safe and effective for infantile heamngioma with good short-term result. It could be used as the primary drug for problematic infantile hemangiomas at the rapid growth stage of hemangiomas.
Female ; Hemangioma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Propranolol ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Subcutaneous Tissue

Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) are the science to study the process of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. It is very important to evaluate the characteristics of DMPK for the early development of drugs and the later clinical precision medication. The innovative construction of DMPK models promotes the development and improvement of drug evaluation system. Based on our research results, this review summarized the latest progress and application of innovative DMPK models, focusing on the following two aspects: (1) CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing rat models, including Cyp2e1

Small intestine