Objective To explore the effectiveness of short-term integrated intervention to reduce discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)among medical students.Methods A quasi-experimental survey was conducted.Two medical schools in Beijing,one as intervention group and the other as control group were selected by convenience sampling,from which 123 undergraduate students or interns of medical and nursing specialties were recruited,62 in the intervention group and 61 in the control group.The intervention group was provided with 13 hour long antidiscrimination intervention by increasing HIV/AIDS related knowledge,sympathy and skill in dealing with people living with HIV/AIDS,while the control group was deprived of any intervention.The attitude of the students in the 2 groups were assessed by questionnaire survey in 5 time points after the intervention.Results Compared with the control group,at 4 time points after the intervention students in the intervention group had less discrimination against PLWHA in general;and significantly less discrimination in dealing with them as patients(P

Anxiety Disorders ; etiology ; therapy ; Breast Neoplasms ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in many epithelial cancers,and is commonly caused by EGFR gene amplification and gene mutations. The most frequently occurring variant,the type III mutation (EGFRvIII) ,is characterized by an inframe deletion of exons 2-7 of the coding sequence. It is expressed only in tumors and not found in normal tissues, and therefore represents an attractive therapeutic target. The tumor therapy methods targeted for EGFRvIII include immu-notherapy, ribozyme, RNA interference, etc.

Objective To measure the tapping frequency of hemiplegic unaffected forefinger and normal control's forefinger. Methods The tapping frequency of 27 left hemiplegic patients and 32 healthy controls were measured by finger oscillating frequency tester. Results The oscillation frequency of hemiplegic patients was lower than that of the healthy controls (P<0.001). Conclusion Hand function of hemiplegic patients weakened.

Objective:To find out the key demand and connection point of health quality education for students of different stages by analysis of their health quality characteristics and the main contribution path, and then explore strategies to improve health quality. Methods:The stratified random cluster sampling method was carried out to select the sample population in Hangzhou. The variance analysis, curve fitting and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze health quality characteristics and the main contribution path. Results:The health quality of pri-mary school students was best;the difference in quality between college students and junior high school students was not statistically significant ( P>0. 05 );and high school students had the worst health quality. The high school stage is the weakest link of health quality education. The order of the health education path and the means for improving the health quality of college, high school, and primary school students differ. With the improvement of students’ lev-el, the students that require physical quality promotion gradually decreases; the moral quality demand remains sta-ble;and the psychological quality and social adaptation ability present the tendency of a gradual increase. Conclu-sion:Student health quality shows a tendency to decreases with the rise of learning phase. The education departments should foster health consciousness and habits for students, form a healthy lifestyle behavior and ways of thinking for high school students, shape healthy personalities to improve health literacy and social adaptation abilities for college student, which is the key strategy for promoting the health quality of all-round development of the students and a-chieve the primary education goal of “health education”.

Objective To explore the protective effect of L-carnitine on neonates with myocardial injury caused by as?phyxia. Methods Forty-four neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia were randomly divided into L-carnitine treatment group (21 cases) and control group (23 cases). Patients in control group were received routine treatment and pa?tients in treatment group were given L-carnitine 0. 1 g/(kg · d) on the basis of routine treatment for 7 days. Symptoms and physical signs were observed before therapy and during the treatment in two groups. Before and after the treatment, plasma levels of free L-carnitine and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were detected with the method of colorimetric assay and chemilumi?nescent, respectively. Results The clinical effective rate was significantly higher in treatment group than that of control group (90.48%vs 60.87%, P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, there was a significantly higher plasma concentra?tion of free L-carnitine in treatment group after treatment [(27.00±5.69)μmol/L vs (13.20±3.04)μmol/L, P<0.05]. In treat?ment group, plasma concentration of free L-carnitine was significantly higher after treatment than that of pre-therapy [(14.87 ± 3.95)μmol/L,P<0.05]. Compared with the control group, there was a significantly lower plasma concentration of cTnI after treatment in treatment group [(0.025±0.006)μg/L vs (0.046±0.010)μg/L, P<0.05]. In the treatment group, there was a significant correlation between decreased plasma concentration of cTnI and increased plasma concentration of free L-carnitine (r=0.899, P<0.05). Conclusion Administration of L-carnitine can effectively decrease the abnormal plasma lev?el of cTnI in neonates with myocardial injury caused by asphyxia, and thereby protect the myocardium.

Objective To evaluate arthroscopic PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction with an implant fixaliun of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique.Methods Thirteen cases with PCL injury were treated with arthroscopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique between April,2002 to June,2005.The patients were followed up fur at least seven months to evaluate the clinical effects by means of ROM of the joint,post drawer test,Lachman test,Lysholm and IKDC (International Knee Documents Committee) scores.Results The patients were followed up for an average of 13.4 months.No limitation of knee extension was found six months after operation.Eleven patients had normal knee flexion(＞140?), one had knee flexion of 120?and one 100?.In posterior drawer test,11 patients were gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.In Lachman test,11 patients were rated as within gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.By Lysholm knee function scale,the average knee scores were 90.47?4.13 and 78.82?2.46 respectively before and after operation,and the dif- ference was of statistical significance (t=2.416,P=0.029).By IKDC scale,six were grade A,five grade B and one grade C.Conclusion Arthroseopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique is a reliable method to restore knee function and will have a prospect of wide application be- cause of its good tissue biocompatibility,less invasion,and less operative expenditure.

Aim The kinetics of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (N-AChR) was stadied. MethodsThe saturation experiments of Torpedo electric organ N-AChR were taken with125I-?-BuTX. The results were calculated by Scatfit program. Experiments were thenperformed to study the kinetics of dissociation of ?-BuTX and nicotine from N-AChR,respectively. When their binding reached saturation, an excess of 1000 times ?-BuTX ornicotine was added. The saturation binding properties of the N-AChR extracted fromleg muscles of the 13th day chick embroys and optic lobes of the 20th day chick em-broys were studied. The results were calculated by Scatfit program. The othe experi-ments were taken to observe the competition between mcotine and 125I-?-BuTX forbinding with Torpedo, optic lobe and skeletal muscle of the chick N-AChRs. ResultsThe saturation experiments of Torpedo electric organ N-AChR resulted in a Scatchardplot of hyperbola which responded to the model of two kinds of receptor with on eli-gand.The difference of and B max between high affinity binding site and low affnitybineing site was significant. The dissaciation experiment showed that the fast dissocia-tion rate of tow ligands was 500 times more than that of the slow dissociation rate. Thisresult suggested that there may be two subtype N-AChRs.The saturation bindingproperties of N-AChR of leg muscles and optic lobe of the chick embroys revealed aScatchard plot of two kinds of N-AChR indicating a single type of site. The bindingaffinity of receptor of optic lobe was 100 times more than that of muscles. In competi-tion for Torpedo receptor by nicotine and 125I-?-BuTX, the values of IC50 were different:which suggested that two kinds of receptor sites were existent. In competition ofNicotine and 125I-?-BuTX for optic lobe and skeletal muscles of the chick N-AChR, thevalue IC50 of skeletal muscles N-AChR was 7. 7 times higher than that of optic lobe. Itindicated that two kinds of N-AChR subtype existed in the optic lobe and in theskeletal muscles of chick respectively. Conclusion N-AChR of Torpedo electric organcontains two kinds of subtype receptors. N-AChR of optic lobe of chick embroys is onesubtype receptor, and N-AChR of skeletal muscles of chick embroy is another subtypereceptor.

Objective:To study the reversal effect of tamoxifen(TAM)on the expression of mdr1 in human pancreatic cancer cell lines.Methods:The inhibtion effect of TAM on pancreatic cancer cell line SW1999、Capan-Ⅱ and mammary cancer cell line T47D were studied;The influence of TAM on mdr1 protein/mRNA expression in SW1999、Capan-Ⅱ and T47D were studied using the method of flow cytometer and RT-PCR.Results:The high dose TAM could inhibit Capan-Ⅱ cell line.TAM could reverse the expression of mdr1 protein and mRNA in Capan-Ⅱ cell line and T47D cell line. Conclusion:The high dose TAM could inhibit Capan-Ⅱ cell line,maybe related with reduction of the expression of mdr1 protein and mRNA.

AIM: To determine the ultimate preservation time of murine cardiac grafts in 4℃ Ringer's solution. METHODS: Murine cardiac grafts were implanted to the abdominal vessels heterotopically 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours after cold preservation. Graft survival rate and histological morphological changes, as well as the neutrilphil, T cell, macrophage infiltration, ICAM expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The cardiac function-recovery rate and 1-week graft survival rate were 100% and 83.3% in 6-hour preservation group. Compared with non-preservation control group, no more apparent histological damages, cell infiltration and ICAM expression were found. CONCLUSION: The ultimate preservation time of murine cardiac graft in 4℃ Ringer's solution was 6 hours. [