Objective To conduct a morphologic and anatomic study on nasal cartilages (including nasal alar cartilage, nasal septal cartilage and upper lateral cartilage) in Chinese, and to compare measured parameters with the other races. Methods 20 adult embalmed cadavers were dissected, 40 nasal alar cartilages, 20 nasal septal cartilages and 40 upper lateral cartilages were collected and scanned by CT, and three-dimensional images were reconstructed. As Zelnik' and Ofodile's work, the data of the images were collected. Results The distances from the nostril rim to the caudal boarder of the lateral crus in the series were (4. 54 ±0. 59) mm anteriorly, (5. 54±0. 69) mm in the middle, and (10. 45± 1. 15) mm posteriorly. The length of the lateral crus was (18. 51 ±1. 63) mm, the width was (7. 99±1. 66) mm, and the thickness was (0. 49±1. 28) mm. Conclusion The Caucasian nasal cartilages are the biggest in all races, and the other's were approximately same.

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Exons ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Point Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction on Fas/FasL in salivary glands of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome and their mRNA expression.

METHODThirty-two NOD mice were randomly divided into the model group, the traditional Chinese medicine group (TCM group, orally given 0.4 mL nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction as per 100 g x kg(-1) everyday), the hydroxychloroquine group (given 0.4 mL hydroxychloroquine as per 60 mg x kg(-1) everyday), the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group (TCM WM group, given nourishing Yin, Strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction 50 g x kg(-1) and hydroxychloroquine 60 mg x kg(-1), 0.4 mL everyday), with eight mice in each group. Eight Balb/C mice were selected as the normal control group (normal group). All of mice were killed after eight weeks, and their submaxillary glands were dissected. The expression levels of Fas/FasL were examined by immunohistochemical method, and the FasL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTThe expression levels of Fas/FasL in salivary glands of the model group were higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). The expression level of FasL of the normal group was much lower than that in the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05). The relative expression level of Fas mRNA in salivary glands of the model group was higher than that in other groups, but the control group was notably lower than other groups (P < 0.05). The expression level of FasL mRNA in salivary glands of the model group was higher than that in TCM and TCM WM groups (P < 0.05). But the expression level in TCM WM group was notably lower than the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction could down-regulate the expression level of Fas/FasL in salivary glands of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome and their mRNA expression, and had a better efficacy after being combined with hydroxychloroquine. The nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction might treat the Sjogren's Syndrome by reducing apoptosis which is regulated by Fas/FasL

Animals ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Qi ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salivary Glands ; metabolism ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; blood ; genetics ; therapy ; Yin-Yang ; fas Receptor ; genetics

Objective To investigate the efficacy and accuracy of 3D printing individualized navigation templates used in shoulder hemi-arthroplasty (HA).Methods We collected 9 adult cadaveric specimens of 18 shoulders with no obvious deformities or defects.After CT scanning was conducted on bilateral shoulders,the raw CT data in DICOM format were imported into software Mimics 10.01 and Imageware 12.0 to reconstruct 3D shoulder models.The retroversion angles and heights of bilateral humeral heads were measured to design individualized navigational templates using software Geomagic Studio 12.0.Rapid prototyping (RP) technique was used to manufacture the individualized navigation templates which were then used to assist shoulder HA in cadaveric specimens.CT scanning was performed postoperatively to measure the retroversion angle and height of the prosthesis implanted for comparison with the preoperative measurements.Results Before shoulder replacement in the 9 cadaveric specimens,respectively,the heights of left and right humeral heads averaged 300.0 ± 11.6 mm and 300.0 ± 11.4 mm,and the retroversion angles 15.6°±4.9° and 15.9°± 4.9°.After the replacement,the heights of left and right humeral heads averaged 300.0 ± 11.3 mm and 300.0 ± 11.7 mm,respectively,and the retroversion angles 15.7° ± 4.9° and 15.8° ± 5.2°,respectively.There were no significant differences between the left and right sides in the pre-or post-operative heights or retroversion angles of the humeral head (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences either between preand post-operation in the heights or retroversion angles of the left and right humeral heads (P ＞ 0.05).The mean errors for the preoperative and postoperative heights and retroversion angles of the humeral heads were 1.44 ± 0.96 mm and 0.25° ± 0.15°,respectively.Conclusion Individualized navigation templates 3D printed can be used to assist effective and accurate shoulder HA because they are designed and manufactured according to accurate measurements of retroversion angles and heights of the humeral heads which are acquired by computer preoperatively.

Objective: To analyze the mortality trend of bladder cancer among residents in Qidong, Jiangsu Province from 1972 to 2016, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of bladder cancer in Qidong. Methods: The data of bladder cancer was collected from Qidong Cancer Registry.The crude mortality rate ( CR ), age-standardized rate by Chinese population in 2000 (CASR) and world population in 1960 ( WASR ), truncated rate (35-64 years) and cumulative rate ( 0-74 years ) were calculated. The annual percent change ( APC ) was used to analyze the trend of mortality in bladder cancer. Results: During from 1972 to 2016, There were 1 497 deaths due to bladder cancer in Qidong from 1972 to 2016. The CR, CASR and WASR were 2.96/105, 1.83/105 and 1.80/105, respectively. The APCs in CR, CASR, WASR of bladder cancer were 5.29%, 1.86% and 1.81%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), showing upward trends. The truncated rate, cumulative rate and cumulative risk were 1.47/105, 0.17% and 0.17%, respectively. The CR, CASR and WASR in males were 4.71/105, 2.97/105 and 3.31/105, respectively, which was higher than that of 1.26/105, 0.75/105, and 0.66/105 in females ( P<0.05 ). The APC of CR, CASR and WASR in males were 5.71%, 1.96% and 2.17%, respectively ( P<0.05 ), all showed upward trends. For females, the APC of CR was 4.47% ( P<0.05 ), showing an upward trend, but there was no significant change in CASR and WASR ( P>0.05 ). The CR of bladder cancer was high among people aged more than 55 years. The CR in 55-64-year-old group, 65-74-year-old group and more than 75-year-old group showed upward trends, with APC of 4.50%, 2.22% and 4.51%, respectively ( P<0.05 ). Conclusions From 1972 to 2016, the mortality of bladder cancer in Qidong showed an upward trend, which was relatively high in men and people aged over 55 years.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the second to the fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and body mass index (BMI) in infertile men of the Han ethnic group in Ningxia.

METHODSUsing anthropometry, we calculated the mean ratio of 2D:4D and BMI of 197 infertile men and 148 normal healthy male controls, followed by analysis of their relationship.

RESULTSThe BMI was correlated positively with the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand in the infertile men (P < 0.05) and in the patients with a higher 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05), but negatively with the 2D:4D ratio of the righ/left (Dr-1) (left: P < 0.01; Dr-l: P < 0.05). The mean 2D: 4D ratio and BMI were both lower in the normal control than in the infertile men, with statistically significant differences in BMI (P < 0.05) and the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is a correlation between the 2D:4D ratio and BMI in infertile men.

Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Fingers ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; Male

Objective To investigate the fulfillment of improved water measures for endemic fluomsis and to find out the trend of prevalence in Qinghai Province in order to provide scientific basis and technical support for the government to formulate control strategies for endemic fluorosis.Methods Usage and management of reforming water facilities in Huzhu County were generally surveyed.Yanya Village,Caijiabu Town,Huzhu County was chosen as the surveillance spot.The household drinking water was surveyed.The dental fluorosis and urine fluoride content of children aged 8-12 years and adult above 16 years were examined.Skeletal fluorosis of adult was checked.The fluomsis content in drinking water and urine was determined with F-ion selective electrode method.The dental fluowsis was examined with Dean index.Skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed according to eountry standard(GB 16396-1996.WS 192-1999).Results The rate of water-improving was 60%(36/60)in Huzhu County.The mean of fluoride content in drinking water Was 1.25 mg/L The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 years was 90.20%(46/51);that of adult was 88.89%(48/54).The dental fluorosis index of children was 1.77,that of adult was 2.95.The prevalence rate of skeletal fluorosis was 98.15% indicated by clinical data,18.87% by X-ray.The ufine fluorosis content of children was 2.27 mg/L,that of adult was 2.00 mg/L.Conclusion The disease condition of endemic fluorosis in Qinshai is serious,defluofidation is slow in effect.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of naringin of Drynaria Rhizome, a Chinese medical component of Zhuanggu Jianxi Recipe (ZJR) containing serum on caveolin-p38MAPK signal factors (such as caveolin-1, p-p38, p-ATF-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in IL-1β induced rabbit degenerated chondrocytes, and further to explore its mechanism for protecting articular cartilages.

METHODSNaringin of Drynaria Rhizome was obtained and analyzed by HPLC-TOF/MS. Four weeks old New Zealand rabbits were killed and their bilateral knee joints were isolated aseptically. CDs were isolated and then cultured in vitro. The second generation of CDs were used for later experiment. The effect of naringin on CDs proliferation was detected by MTT assay. The effect of naringin on the expression of IL-1β-induced collagen II in CDs was detected by immunohistochemical method. The effect of naringin on caveolin-1, p-p38, and p-ATF-2 protein in IL-1β-induced CDs was detected by Western blot. The effect of naringin on mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in IL-1β-induced CDs was detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe appearance time of naringin in flow graphs of naringin standard solution and ZJR containing serum was 23.5 min, and the molecular weight ranged between 581.0 and 581.5 m/z. Naringin could promote the proliferation of CDs, and inhibit the effect of IL-1β on collagen II in CDs. Compared with the model group, naringin could reduce the expression of caveolin-1, p-p38, p-ATF-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α in IL-1β induced CDs (P < 0.05), which was approximate to the level of the normal group.

CONCLUSIONSNaringin could not only promote the proliferation of CDs, but also protect IL-1β-induced CDs. Its mechanism might be associated with decreasing the expression of caveolin-1, p-p38, and p-ATF-2 proteins, inhibiting caveolin-p38MAPK signal pathway, and further reducing mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the downstream of caveolin-p38MAPK signal pathway.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cartilage, Articular ; Caveolins ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Polypodiaceae ; Rabbits ; Rhizome ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer gene (EMMPRIN) regulated by the interactions between fibroblasts and colon cancer cells, and to study its role in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer.

METHODSColon cancer cells (SW480) were co-cultured with fibroblasts (HELF) in RPMI 1640 media for 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The expression of EMMPRIN in SW480 cells and HELF cells was documented by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein expressions of EMMPRIN in SW480 cells were remarkably increased by the co-culturing with HELF cells. Although without the endogenous expression, HELF cells began to express EMMPRIN in a time-dependent manner after being co-cultured with SW480 cells.

CONCLUSIONSIntercellular interactions between colon cancer cells and fibroblasts not only up-regulate the EMMPRIN expression in SW480 cells, but also induce its expression in HELF cells. Such interactions may play a crucial role in the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer.

Basigin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of intracellular interaction between fibroblasts and colorectal cancer cells on the expression of insulin growth factor binding protein7 (IGFBP7).

METHODSColorectal cancer cells SW480 were cultured with or without fibroblasts HELF cells in RPMI 1640 medium for 0 h, 48 h, 7 2 h and 96 h, respectively. By RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining methods,the expression of IGFBP7 was detected in mono-and co-cultured cells.

RESULTWhen SW480 cells were co-cultured with HELF cells, IGFBP7 expression in SW480 cells was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, IGFBP7 was induced in HELF cells both at mRNA and protein levels, which did not express when cells were mono-cultured.

CONCLUSIONFibroblasts-colorectal cancer cells interaction induces the expression of IGFBP7, which indicates tumor-stroma interactions may play an important role in colorectal cancer development.

Cell Communication ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Fetus ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism