Alveolar Bone Loss ; prevention & control ; Alveolar Process ; surgery ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Humans ; Immediate Dental Implant Loading ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periodontitis ; surgery ; Tooth Extraction ; adverse effects ; Wound Healing

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.04.00X

GJ-4 is crocin enrichments extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, and our previous studies have shown that GJ-4 significantly improved learning and memory impairment induced by Aβ in mice. Herein, a memory deficit model was developed by injecting okadaic acid (OA) into the lateral ventricle of mice, and the neuroprotection and underlying mechanism of GJ-4 on neuronal injury caused by Tau hyperphosphorylation were investigated. The Animal Care & Welfare Committee, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS & PUMC has approved all procedures (No.00000318). GJ-4 at different doses was intragastric administration to mice for 16 days. Step-down test and Morris water maze test showed that GJ-4 could significantly improve OA-induced memory impairment in mice, and reduced the loss of Nissl bodies in the hippocampus of mice. GJ-4 could also decrease the phosphorylation level of Tau protein at Ser396, Thr231 and Ser404 via increasing protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity and inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity. Besides, further researches indicated that GJ-4 could inhibit the level of oxidative stress in the brain of OA mice, reduce neuronal apoptosis and inhibit the neuroinflammation mediated by activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus of mice, and eventually achieve its effects in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. According to these findings, we anticipated that GJ-4 might be a potential therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the incidence of super-response and the potential predictors related to super-response after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with congestive heart failure.

METHODS190 patients [145 men and 45 women;age: (60.48 ± 11.91) years] underwent CRT between March 2001 and March 2012 were enrolled in this multi-center trial, of which, 54 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and 136 patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. These patients were followed up from 6 months to 11 years (mean 58 months) post CRT.

RESULTSTen patients died within 6 months post CRT, the others were followed up for more than 6 months. At 6-month follow-up, 51 patients were identified as CRT super-responders (28.33%), 75 patients were CRT responders (41.67%) and 29 patients were CRT non-responders (16.11%), and 25 patients were CRT negative responders (13.89%). Super-response occurred more frequently in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients, while non-response most commonly occurred in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients (P < 0.05); patients in the negative response group had higher serum creatinine level than other groups (P < 0.05) , and patients in the non-response group and negative response group had higher pulmonary artery pressure than patients in the super-response group (P < 0.05); the average QRS duration was ≥ 160 ms before CRT, and the mean decrease was around 30 ms after CRT in the super-response group while the average QRS duration was 139 ms before CRT, and the mean reduction was around 8 ms after CRT in the negative response group (P < 0.05). LV lead position in the super-response group was usually in the middle and base of the heart, while in the negative response group it was more commonly located in the apex of the heart (P < 0.01) .

CONCLUSIONSLV lead located at the middle and pre-CRT ORS duration ≥ 160 ms are associated with super-response post CRT procedure in this patient cohort.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long-term effects and analyze causes of non-response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in heart failure (HF) patients with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF).

METHODSThirty-three patients with HF and AF [29 men, mean age (61 ± 10) years, NYHA class III or IV, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35%, QRS ≥ 120 ms in 31 cases] underwent bi-ventricular pacing (n = 26) or bi-ventricular pacing and atrioventricular node ablation (AVN-ablation, n = 7) were included in this study. Non-response was defined: the increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was less than 15%. Patients were followed-up for 4 years.

RESULTSSix patients died during follow up. Non-responder to CRT was observed in 6 out of 27 survived patients (22.22%). Six out of 7 patients underwent AVN-ablation were in responder group and 1 in non-responder group. Comparing with responder group, the baseline LVEF was significantly higher (37% vs. 32%, P = 0.003), and the history of HF was significantly longer (6.3 years vs. 4.1 years, P = 0.039), pulmonary artery pressure was significantly higher (53 vs. 32 mm Hg, P = 0.027), bi-ventricular pacing percentage (BIVP%) was significantly lower (75.86% vs. 91.73%, P = 0.007) in non-responder group.

CONCLUSIONSHigher LVEF, longer HF history, higher pulmonary artery pressure and lower BIVP% are factors linked with non-responses to CRT in this patient cohort. CRT plus AVN-ablation is associated with high response rate to CRT in this patient cohort.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Fibrillation ; complications ; therapy ; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ; Female ; Heart Failure ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the mechanism of non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src regulating neuroinflammation through phosphatase and tensin homology protein(PTEN)in microglia. Methods BV2 cells were incubated with PTEN inhibitor bpv(HOpic)for 2 hours,and then added with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to induce neuroinflammation,Western blot was performed to determine the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B(Akt)to investigate the activity of PTEN. Enzyme-linked immunosorben assay(ELISA)was used to determine the release of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)to assess neuroinflammation.After PTEN inhibitor or Src specific small interfering RNA was added,the change of neuroinflammation was evaluated to study the mechanism of Src regulating neuroinflammation. Results LPS induced significant neuroinflammation in BV2 cells,as indicated by significantly increased expression of p-Akt and release of TNF-α(P<0.001).The PTEN inhibitor signficantly increased Akt phosphorylation(P<0.05)and TNF-α release(P<0.001)in LPS-induced BV2 cells compared to simply LPS-induced cells.The Src small interfering RNA significantly decreased the release of TNF-α(P<0.001)and inhibited PTEN(P<0.001)and Akt(P<0.001)phosphorylation. Conclusion Src kinase may regulate neuroinflammtion response in BV2 cells by regulating the phosphorylation of PTEN.

BACKGROUNDRegenerative techniques help promote the formation of new attachment and bone filling in periodontal defects. However, the dimensions of intraosseous defects are a key determinant of periodontal regeneration outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of use of anorganic bovine bone (ABB) graft in combination with collagen membrane (CM), to facilitate healing of noncontained (1-wall) and contained (3-wall) critical size periodontal defects.

METHODSThe study began on March 2013, and was completed on May 2014. One-wall (7 mm × 4 mm) and 3-wall (5 mm × 4 mm) intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created bilaterally in the mandibular third premolars and first molars in eight beagles. The defects were treated with ABB in combination with CM (ABB + CM group) or open flap debridement (OFD group). The animals were euthanized at 8-week postsurgery for histological analysis. Two independent Student's t-tests (1-wall [ABB + CM] vs. 1-wall [OFD] and 3-wall [ABB + CM] vs. 3-wall [OFD]) were used to assess between-group differences.

RESULTSThe mean new bone height in both 1- and 3-wall intrabony defects in the ABB + CM group was significantly greater than that in the OFD group (1-wall: 4.99 ± 0.70 mm vs. 3.01 ± 0.37 mm, P < 0.05; 3-wall: 3.11 ± 0.59 mm vs. 2.08 ± 0.24 mm, P < 0.05). The mean new cementum in 1-wall intrabony defects in the ABB + CM group was significantly greater than that in their counterparts in the OFD group (5.08 ± 0.68 mm vs. 1.16 ± 0.38 mm; P < 0.05). Likewise, only the 1-wall intrabony defect model showed a significant difference with respect to junctional epithelium between ABB + CM and OFD groups (0.67 ± 0.23 mm vs. 1.12 ± 0.28 mm, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOne-wall intrabony defects treated with ABB and CM did not show less periodontal regeneration than that in 3-wall intrabony defect. The noncontained 1-wall intrabony defect might be a more discriminative defect model for further research into periodontal regeneration.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; surgery ; Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; therapeutic use ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Bone Substitutes ; therapeutic use ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Male ; Wound Healing ; physiology

Objective In order to meet the needs of maxillofacical bone defect repair, the aim of this study was to synthesize graphene oxide(GO) modified three-dimensional conneted nano- zirconia(ZrO₂) bone tissue engineering scaffold and evaluate its surface morphology, compressive strength and cytocompatibility. Methods GO was synthesized by a modified Hummers method and then was testified by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. ZrO₂ scaffold was modified by different concentrations(0.5,1.0,1.5mg/mL) of GO dispersion via a silane-mediated method. The composite scaffold with uniform GO coating was chosen for compressive strength test and co-cultured with human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs). Actin staining was used to observe the growth of the cells on the scaffold, and MTS was used to detect the cell activity. Results The characterization results showed that, under scanning electron microscope, the GO was flaky and the surface morphology of folds could be seen. Part of the GO layer folds up at the edge. Under transmission electron microscopy, the GO was clearly observed to have a gossylike, translucent and slightly wrinkled lamellar structure. The crystal structure in this area in the high-resolution filter image showed a six-member ring structure like graphite. Under high power electron microscope, the 1.0mg/ml GO-ZrO₂ scaffold could be seen to deposit a thin layer of GO at the crack of the scaffold skeleton, connecting the two ends of the crack, and lamellar GO with folds could be observed on the surface of ceramic particles. The comparison of mechanical properties showed that the compression strength of GO-ZrO₂ scaffold was sgnificantly increased compared with that of ZrO₂ scaffold[（1.292±0.087）vs（1.031±0.076）, P<0.05]. Compared with the simple ZrO₂ scaffold, the GO-ZrO₂ scaffold showed more dense extension and adhesion to the surface of scaffolds, showing more active cell proliferation. The cell viability test showed that the viability of hDPSCs was significantly improved on GO-ZrO₂ scaffold after 1, 3 and 5 days of proliferation compared with the simple ZrO₂ scaffold(P<0.05). Conclusion The ZrO₂ scaffold modified by GO improved compressive strength, promoted the early proliferation of hDPSCs with good cytocompatibility.

Pancreatic lipase (PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibition activities of the major constituents from Fructus Psoraleae (FP), one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs with lipid-lowering activity. To this end, a total of eleven major constituents isolated from Fructus Psoraleae have been obtained and their inhibition potentials against PL have been assayed by a fluorescence-based assay. Among all tested compounds, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A displayed strong inhibition on PL (IC < 10 μmol·L). Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A acted as mixed inhibitors against PL-mediated 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MUO) hydrolysis, with the K values of 1.61, 3.77 and 10.16 μmol·L, respectively. Furthermore, docking simulations indicated that two chalcones (isobavachalcone and bavachalcone) could interact with the key residues located in the catalytic cavity of PL via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, these finding provided solid evidence to support that Fructus Psoraleae contained bioactive compounds with lipid-lowering effects via targeting PL, and also suggested that the chalcones in Fructus Psoraleae could be used as ideal leading compounds to develop novel PL inhibitors.