Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) guided interstitial chemotherapy for the pancreas in canine model. Methods A therapeutic 19gauge needle was inserted into the pancreas with EUS guidance,and seeds with sustained release of 5-iluorouracil were implanted into the tissue. After 14 days of clinical observation,the animals were sacrificed and the tissue response to local chemotherapy was examined. Results All the seeds were implanted successfuUy and no migration was observed. Chemotherapy induced tissue fibrous necrosis was localized in the pancreas without significant complications. The apoptotic index of tissue within 1 cm of the seeds increased.Biochemical parameters were normal in all the dogs. Conclusion EUS-guided implantation of seeds is a safe,simple and minimally invasive technique for interstitial chemotherapy in the pancreas.

China ; Developed Countries ; Insurance, Health ; Occupational Health

Objective: To investigate the effects of divided-doses mivacurium on histamine releasing and hemodynamics. Method: Forty-two patients were randomly divided into seven groups (n=6, each group). The total dose of 3?ED_(95)(0.25mg/kg)mivacurium for intubation was injected intravenously in single-dose in group I, or in divided-doses of 0.05+0.2mg/kg, 0.10+0.15mg/kg, 0.125+0.125mg/kg, 0.15+0.1mg/kg, and 0.2+0.05mg/kg in group Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ respectively, and 0.6mg/kg of atracurium bolus in group Ⅶ, The plasma histamine concentration and systolic blood pressure(SP), diastolic blood pressure(DP) and heart rate(HR) were determined before and 3, 5, 10, and 15 min after injection of mivacurium or atracurium. Result: The plasma histamine concentration and changes of SP, DP, HR were decreased in group Ⅳ compared with those in other groups. Conclusion: The divided dose of 3?ED_(95) mivacurium for intubation may reduce histamine release and changes in hemodynamics.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the difference of chemical constituents in Scrophulariae Radix from different areas by UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS. METHODS: Through analysis of the multistage tandem mass spectra, the characteristic peaks were extracted with mass spectrometry data peak matching, peak alignment, and noise filtering. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used for data processing. The constituents were identified according to MS accurate mass and MS/MS spectrometry fragmentation information, combined with the software of database search and literature. RESULTS: The chemical constituents in Scrophulariae Radix from different areas were clearly distinguished. Thirty-six chemical constituents were indentified as differential compounds. Among them, there were 11 kinds of common differential chemical constituents, i.e., caffeic acid, aucubin, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, harpagide, 6-O-methylcatapol, verbascoside, p-coumaric acid, ningpogenin, 6″-O-feruloylharpagide, sibirioside A, and harpagoside. CONCLUSION: This study provides experimental data to reveal the influence of ecological environment and genetic variation on metabolite biosynthesis of Scrophulariae Radix.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a method for the determination of iridoid, phenylpropanoid glycosides, and organic acids in Scrophulariae Radix from different habitats and commercial herbs by UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS. METHODS: The analysis was carried out on a BDS HYPERSIL C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with elution by mobile phase of acetonitrile-water at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The column temperature was maintained at 35℃. The target compounds were analyzed by the negative ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. RESULTS: Twelve multiple constituents showed good linearity (r>0.9994) in the range of the tested concentration. The average recoveries of the 12 components were 99.59%-101.24% with relative standard deviations of 0.93%-1.60%. CONCLUSION: The established method is accurate and precise, which provides a reliable and effective technique for the quality evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a QTRAP-UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 10 kinds of nucleosides and nucleobases in Scrophulariae Radix processed by different methods, and investigate the influences of different processing methods on contents of nucleosides and nucleobases. METHODS: The contents of 10 kinds of nucleosides and nucleobases in Scrophulariae Radix processed with different methods were simultaneously determined by QTRAP-UPLC-MS/MS, and TOPSIS analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation of nucleosides and nucleobases. RESULTS: The contents of guanosine, uridine, adenosine and uracil were relatively high in Scrophulariae Radix. There were differences in contents of nucleosides and nucleobases of Scrophulariae Radix processed with different methods, and the samples processed by method of "sweating" had better quality. CONCLUSION: This study provides a scientific basis for investigation on the influence of processing methods on contents of nucleosides and nucleobases in Scrophulariae Radix and screening of suitable processing method for Scrophulariae Radix.

Objective To investigate the differences of EUS images between stromal tumors and leiomyoma in esophagus and cardia. Methods EUS image of 13 cases of stromal tumors and 11 cases of leiomyoma diagnozed immunohistochemically were collected. Information of gray scale including mean value and dissociation of lesions and submucosal layer were analyzed. Gray scale values of lesions were calibrated according to that of the submucosal layer. Results The mean value of corrected gray scale of stromal tumors was 0. 285, which was significantly different from that of leiomyoma (0. 185, P ＜ 0. 05). Dissociation of gray scale of stromal tumors was 8. 14, which was also significantly different from that of leiomyomia (4. 59,P ＜0. 05). Conclusion In esophagus and cardia, stromal tumors exhibits higher and more inhomogeneous ultrasound echo than leiomyoma.

Background and purpose:P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK) signal transduction pathway is involved in occurrence, development and transfer process in a wide variety of tumors. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study aimed to explore the clinical signiifcance of the P38MAPK signaling pathway and the expression of uPA in ovarian cancer.Methods:The expressions of uPA, P38MAPK, ERK and AKT were detected in 49 cases of cervical adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of uPA and P38MAPK were detected by Western blot in ovarian cancer cell lines HO8910, HO-8910PM, SKOV3 and CAOV3. The changes of uPA and P38MAPK were detected by SB203580, a speciifc inhibitor of P38MAPK signal transduction pathway.Results:The result of immunohistochemical method showed that positive expression rates for uPA, P38MAPK, ERK and AKT were 61.22%, 57.14%, 53.06% and 55.10%, respectively. The expression of the uPA was positively correlated with the P38MAPK (r=0.865,P=0.001), and related with clinicopathologic stage, differentiated degree, lymph node metastasis, but not related with age and histologic type (P>0.05). The expressions of AKT and ERK were related with the lymph node metastasis and greater omentum metastasis(P<0.05), but not related with age and histologic type (P>0.05). The expression of uPA in HO-8910PM was higher than that in ovarian cancer cell lines HO8910, SKOV3 and CAOV3, and the expression of uPA reduced when the P38MAPK signal transduction pathway was cut off by the SB203580. The expressions of P38MAPK and uPA were negatively correlated with the prognosis of ovarian cancer (Log-rank=3.897 and 11.044,P=0.048 and 0.001). Conclusion:The P38MAPK signal transduction pathway was activated in ovarian cancer. The activated P38MAPK signal transduction pathway can raise the expression of uPA, which may contribute to the development of ovarian cancer. The result indicates that the P38MAPK signal transduction pathway and uPA might play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. P38MAPK and uPA might be useful markers for evaluating prognosis of ovarian cancer.

Alcoholic liver disease ( ALD ) , a chronic progres-sive disease, threatens human health seriously. An increasing number of studies have shown that gut flora dysbiosis plays an important role in the development of ALD. Intestinal microbiota maintains a steady state under normal conditions, regulating gut flora normal physiological function. However, chronic alcohol consumption produces intestinal bacteria overgrowth and dysbio-sis, including the alteration of the composition of intestinal mi-croflora, the increment of gut permeability and bacterial translo-cation. Subsequently, the host immune is activated, promoting the production of inflammatory cytokines in liver, which plays a central role in the development of ALD. Notably, the supple-ment of prebiotics or probiotics reverses the intestinal flora disor-der,ameliorating the clinical symptoms effectively in ALD pa-tients. The evidence impies that the modulation of dysbiosis may be effective in the prevention and treatment of ALD. This review summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of the devel-opment of dysbiosis-mediated ALD, to provide a theoretical basis for the research on intestinal flora and ALD.

Objective To evaluate the application of tubular stomach gastroesophagostomy on the life quality after esophagectomy surgery.Methods From March 2011 to September 2011,66 cases of esophageal cancer patients were divided in two groups in randomized principles.Tirty-four cases in group of tubiform gastro surgery whose the stomach was cut into tubiform stomach in width of 4 cm.And 32 cases of conventional group and whose surgery method was adopted to maintain whole stomach but cut the cardia.And then,using statistical methods,life quality after esophagectomy (treatment related symptoms,general symptoms,daily life,social life,emotional activities) and the perioperative complications were evaluated in 3,6,12,24 months in comparison and analysis.Results Sixty-six surgeries of both group patients were successfully performed,tumor resection rate was 100％,and there was no intraoperative accident also no perioperative death.There was no statistical significance of perioperative complications of 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Life quality of tubiform gastro group had improved apparently more than conventional group at the 3rd,6th,12th and 24th month after surgery(78.68 ±2.23 vs 65.94± 4.13,83.79 ± 2.40 vs 66.84 ± 5.86,86.41 ± 1.94 vs 67.09 ± 4.43,89.02 ± 1.71 vs 68.88 ±3.53,P＜0.05).At each time point,there were statistically significant differences between tubiform gastro group and conventional group on treatment related symptoms,general symptoms,daily life,emotion activities (P ＜0.05).At the 3rd,6th month after surgery,tubiform gastro group and the conventional group had no statistically significant difference in the aspect of social life (P＞0.05).In the conventional group,the evaluation of quality of life at each time point after surgery and before a point in time in the same group showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05).Conclusion Tubiform gastro esophagectomy has a positive influence on life quality of patients of esophageal cancer after surgery prospectively.