OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of locking plate fixation through lateral deltoid approach for proximal humeral fracture combined with micro-invasive percutaneous plating (MIPPO) technique.

METHODSFrom April 2009 to March 2012,26 patients with proximal humeral fractures were treated with proximal humeral locking system plate fixation through lateral deltoid approach, including 17 males and 9 females with an average age of 58 years old ranging from 28 to 76 years old. The time from injury to operation was 3 to 10 days (averaged 5.6 days). According to Neer typing for the proximal humeral fractures, 7 cases had 2 parts of fracture,15 had 3 parts of fracture,and 4 had 4 parts of fracture. The Neer score for shoulder function was evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 10 to 21 months (averaged 13.6 months). All patients were achieved bony union,the average healing time was 12.5 weeks (ranged from 10 to 21 weeks). No humeral head necrosis and axillary nerve injury occurred. According to Neer scoring system,the total score was 88.36 +/- 7.82, pain 30.82 +/- 3.24, function 23.76 +/- 5.71, activity 17.59 +/- 5.36, anatomical position 7.03 +/- 2.39; the result was excellent in 18 cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 2 cases, poor in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONLateral deltoid approach combined with locking plate fixation for treatment of proximal humeral fracture has advantages of small invasion,less blood lossing, short operative time, stable fixation, high rate of fracture healing, and satisfactory functional recovery.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Fractures ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Methods for studying the population diversity of microorganism in activated sludge usually require enrichment of bacterial genome.The efficient information on microbial species composition provided and shifted in diversity revealed are dependent on the effective DNA recovery technique.The method was based on washing by alkaline phosphate buffer and digestion with extended heating of the activated sludge suspension in the presence of lysozyme and freeze-thawing in high-salt-SDS buffer.The extraction was tested for four activated sludge differing in places and dates.The DNA fragment from all sludge was integrity.DNA yields ranged from 105 to 823 ?g/g sludge and were of sufficient purity for PCR-based 16S ribosomal DNA analysis and restriction digested.In general,all methods produced DNA pure were not enough for PCR amplification and libraries construction.As basis of experimental goals,the study provides an appropriate extraction method of microbial DNA in sludge.

OBJECTIVEThe effect of vascular endothelial growth factor(165) (VEGF(165)) on intracellular free magnesium ([Mg(2+)](i)) and the relationship between Mg(2+) and angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated in this study.

METHODS[Mg(2+)](i) in HUVECs loaded with fluorescent magnesium indicator mag-fura-2 were quantitatively detected with the use of intracellular cation measurement system. HUVECs were obtained from normal fetus and cultured in M199 with 0.2 fetal bovine serum. The angiogenesis effects of VEGF(165) were observed in presence of 0 mmol/L, 1 mmol/L or 2 mmol/L of extracellular Mg(2+).

RESULTSVEGF(165) significantly increased [Mg(2+)](i) in a dose-dependent manner independent of extracellular Mg(2+), Na(+) and Ca(2+) and this effect could be blocked by pretreatment with VEGF(165) receptor-2 (KDR) inhibitor (SU1498). The angiogenesis induced by VEGF(165) was significantly inhibited cells with 0 mmol/L extracellular Mg(2+), the angiogenesis effects of VEGF(165) were similar in cells with 1 mmol/L and 2 mmol/L extracellular Mg(2+) and these effects could be blocked by SU1498.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that the [Mg(2+)](i) increase induced by VEGF(165) originates from intracellular Mg(2+) pools and promotes angiogenesis via KDR-dependent signaling pathways.

Cations, Divalent ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnesium ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of conbercept on diffuse macular edema (DME) of diabetes mellitus.Methods Together 51 diabetic patients (51 eyes) with diffuse macular edema were collected between July 2016 to July 2017,and randomly divided into three groups (n =17):group A,in which patients received solely intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg conbercept,group B,those who was intravitreally injected with 0.5 mg of conbercept and modified macular grating photocoagulation,and group C,patients undergoing modified grid photocoagulation (GPG).Then,before treatment and 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,all patients were examined by optical coherence tomography for determining central macular thickness (CMT),followed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),slit lamp,intraocular pressure for compare the efficacy and safety of the three procedures.Results All the three treatments improved BCVA,CMT,retinal neovascularization (RNV) leakage in diffuse DME patients,but group A and B were better than group C (both P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in BCVA improvement between A and B group (P ＞ 0.05),whereas the improvement in CMT of group B patients was better than that of group A [(197.47 ±45.26) μm vs.(205.59 ± 47.33) μm] (P ＜ 0.001),and this was true of RNV leakage [(9.91 ±3.18)mm vs.(13.24 ±4.87) rnm] (P＜0.001),without related complications.Conclusion Combination of modified macular grid photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of conbercept can quickly relieve diabetic macular edema and alleviate neovascularization,thus improving the patients' vision acuity,of which the efficacy is superior to the pure modified macular grid photocoagulation and conbercept injection.

Objective:To investigate the effects of locking plate fixation through lateral deltoid approach for proximal humeral fracture combined with micro invasive percutaneous plating (MIPPO) technique. Methods:From April 2009 to March 2012,26 patients with proximal humeral fractures were treated with proximal humeral locking system plate fixation through lateral deltoid approach,including 17 males and 9 females with an average age of 58 years old ranging from 28 to 76 years old. The time from injury to operation was 3 to 10 days (averaged 5.6 days). According to Neer typing for the proximal humeral fractures,7 cases had 2 parts of fracture,15 had 3 parts of fracture,and 4 had 4 parts of fracture. The Neer score for shoulder function was evaluated. Results:All patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 10 to 21 months (aver-aged 13.6 months). All patients were achieved bony union,the average healing time was 12.5 weeks (ranged from 10 to 21 weeks). No humeral head necrosis and axillary nerve injury occurred. According to Neer scoring system ,the total score was 88.36±7.82,pain 30.82±3.24,function 23.76±5.71,activity 17.59±5.36,anatomical position 7.03±2.39;the result was excel-lent in 18 cases,good in 5 cases,fair in 2 cases,poor in 1 case. Conclusion:Lateral deltoid approach combined with locking plate fixation for treatment of proximal humeral fracture has advantages of small invasion ,less blood lossing,short operative time,stable fixation,high rate of fracture healing,and satisfactory functional recovery.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) gene polymorphisms, pubertal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers, to better understand the frequencies of ER-a genotypes.

METHODSThe ER-alpha Pvu II and Xba I genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP in 158 healthy adolescent girls (12-14 years old) while BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The bone turnover markers (BAP, BGP, TRACP) and calcium adjust hormone (25-OH-VitD, E2) were detected by ELISA. The relationship among BMD, bone turnover markers, and polymorphisms of ER-a were examined.

RESULTS(1) Although the bone turnover markers had a trend in ER-alpha Pvu II genotypes as pp>PP>Pp but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences found among Xba I genotypes and between Px haplotype and non-Px haplotype. (2) No association was noticed between ER-a genotype and BMD at any site of the forearm and the whole body. Compared with non-Px haplotype, the Px haplotype had lower BMD, but there was no significant difference noticed (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONER-alpha gene Pvu II and Xba I polymorphism seemed not potentially influence on BMD and bone turnover markers in the pubertal girls in Beijing, suggesting that it might not be the major genetic factor regarding this population.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Acid Phosphatase ; blood ; Adolescent ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Bone Density ; genetics ; physiology ; Bone Development ; genetics ; Child ; China ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Osteocalcin ; blood ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; genetics ; Puberty ; blood ; genetics ; Vitamin D ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome typing of hyperlipidemia inpatients, thus exploring the CM syndrome typing laws.

METHODSThe clinical materials, including blood lipids, grading,complications, CM symptoms, and manifestations of tongue and pulse were recorded using self-formulated epidemiological questionnaire of CM syndrome in hyperlipidemia, and then these materials were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSGan-qi stagnation syndrome (66.46%) was the most often seen syndrome in the 316 hyperlipidemia inpatients. Gan stagnation Pi-deficiency syndrome (35.44%), Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (16.77%), Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (13.61%), inner stagnation of phlegm and stasis syndrome (13.29%), hyperactivity of yang and hypoactivity of yin syndrome (9. 18%) were 5 common syndromes of hyperlipidemia. Gan stagnation Pi-deficiency syndrome occupied an important position among all types and at various levels. Results from the lipid classification of hyperlipidemia showed that mixed type with low HDL-C was the most often seen (108/316, 34.18%), followed by mixed hyperlipidemia (81/316, 25.63%). Totally the mixing type accounted for 59.81% (189/316), higher than hypertriglyceridemia (16.77%) and hypercholesterolemia (23.42%).

CONCLUSIONSGan stagnation pi-deficiency syndrome might be the core syndrome affecting the lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemia. Mixed hyperlipidemia was the most often seen in clinics. Clinical medication should cover actions of decreasing TC and TG, and increasing HDL-C.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; diagnosis ; Inpatients ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo estimate the relative risks of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndromes among overweight and obese Chinese children compared with their normal weight counterparts.

METHODSOverweight and obesity were defined by age- and sex-specific BMI classification reference for Chinese children and adolescents. Pediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS) and each risk factor for MetS were defined using the criteria for US adolescents. Definition of hyper-TC, LDL, and dyslipidemia for adults was applied as well. General linear model factor analysis and chi-square test were used to compare the difference in metabolic indicators among normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio of metabolic abnormalities between obesity, overweight, and normal weight children, after adjustment for living area, family economic level, age, sex, and daily exercise time and TV watching time, as well as different dietary indices in the model.

RESULTSSignificant increases in blood lipids, glucose, and blood pressure were found among overweight and obese children as compared with their counterparts with normal weight. By applying WGOC-recommended BMI classification, the risks for hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL and dyslipidemia among overweight children were 1.9, 1.4, and 1.5 times, and was 3.3, 1.5, and 1.8 times among obese groups compared to their counterparts with normal weight after adjustment for age, sex, region, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and dietary intakes. The overweight and obese children (15-17.9 years) had a high-risk of developing hypertension, which was 2.3 and 2.9 times higher than their counterparts with normal weight. Above 90% obese adolescents had abdominal obesity, while less than 1% normal weight ones had abdominal obesity. No obese adolescents were free from any risk factors for MetS, while 36.9% of normal weight adolescents were from the risk factors. 83.3% obese boys and all obese girls had metabolic syndrome, while only 15.5% normal weight boys and 18.8% normal weight girls had metabolic syndrome. Four risk factors for metabolic syndrome were found in 8.3% obese boys while none in normal weight boys and girls. The prevalence of MetS among normal weight, overweight, and obesity groups was 1.5%, 18.3%, and 38.1% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are clustered in obese Chinese children. Our observations strongly suggest that efforts should be made to prevent the onset of overweight and its associated diseases during early childhood.

Adolescent ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Dyslipidemias ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Obesity ; complications ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVEErectile dysfunction (ED) is now recognized as a comorbid condition, especially in men with cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus. This randomized controlled trial was to examine the effect of long-term small-dose tadalafil in the treatment of ED.

METHODSA total of 98 men older than 18 years with at least a 6-month ED history were enlisted and divided into two groups to receive once-daily treatment with tadalafil at 5 mg (n = 60) and 20 mg (n = 38), respectively, for 12 months. The effects of medication were analyzed and compared using IIEF, Global Assessment Questionnaire (GAQ) and Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP), and so were the safety and tolerance of the two doses.

RESULTSThere were no statistically significant differences in the therapeutical results between the 5 mg and 20 mg groups (P < 0.05). The IIEF-5 score was raised by 8.1 points in the former and 7.9 points in the latter; the YES answers to SEP2 in the two groups were 51.3% and 49.2% before the treatment and 82.6% and 84.9% after it. No serious adverse events were observed, except some common ones, such as rubeosis (11.9% vs 8.7%) and headache (5.3% vs 4.9%) in the 5 mg and 20 mg groups.

CONCLUSIONOral tadalafil at 5 mg once daily is efficacious with good tolerance in the treatment of ED, and it can be an alternative to on-demand medication for some men to eliminate the inconvenience of planned intercourse within a limited timeframe.

Adult ; Carbolines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Tadalafil ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between milk intake of 3 - 6 years old preschool children and their growth.

METHODSThe data bank of 2002 China National and Health Survey were used to analyze the relationship of milk consumption and the growth of children aged 3 - 6 in urban and rural areas.

RESULTSThe percentages of the diet with milk in urban and rural areas were 46.9% and 8.2% respectively, there was significant difference between the urban and rural areas. The averaged milk intake of preschool children were 23.8 g/d, the milk intake of urban children was significantly higher than that in the rural areas (P < 0.01). The height and weight of children with milk or its products in their diets in the group aged 4, 5 and 6 years were significantly higher than those of children without milk or its products in their diets (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was close relationship between milk intake of children 3 - 6 years old and their growth, the volume of milk intake of preschool children should be improved in urban and rural areas.

Animals ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Dairy Products ; Diet ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Milk ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data