The current paper, pivoting on an analytical survey of the teaching contents and curriculum system of post-education for rural medical personnel, pinpoints the problems existing therein, and explores the various approaches for reforming the teaching contents and curriculum system.

Accidents, Traffic ; statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Maxillofacial Injuries ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Carbamazepine ; adverse effects ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Eruptions ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B15 Antigen ; genetics ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Skin ; pathology ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Punctures ; Tennis Elbow ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

The paper aims to elucidate and establish a new mathematic model: the total quantum statistical moment standard similarity (TQSMSS) on the base of the original total quantum statistical moment model and to illustrate the application of the model to medical theoretical research. The model was established combined with the statistical moment principle and the normal distribution probability density function properties, then validated and illustrated by the pharmacokinetics of three ingredients in Buyanghuanwu decoction and of three data analytical method for them, and by analysis of chromatographic fingerprint for various extracts with different solubility parameter solvents dissolving the Buyanghanwu-decoction extract. The established model consists of four mainly parameters: (1) total quantum statistical moment similarity as ST, an overlapped area by two normal distribution probability density curves in conversion of the two TQSM parameters; (2) total variability as DT, a confidence limit of standard normal accumulation probability which is equal to the absolute difference value between the two normal accumulation probabilities within integration of their curve nodical; (3) total variable probability as 1-Ss, standard normal distribution probability within interval of D(T); (4) total variable probability (1-beta)alpha and (5) stable confident probability beta(1-alpha): the correct probability to make positive and negative conclusions under confident coefficient alpha. With the model, we had analyzed the TQSMS similarities of pharmacokinetics of three ingredients in Buyanghuanwu decoction and of three data analytical methods for them were at range of 0.3852-0.9875 that illuminated different pharmacokinetic behaviors of each other; and the TQSMS similarities (ST) of chromatographic fingerprint for various extracts with different solubility parameter solvents dissolving Buyanghuanwu-decoction-extract were at range of 0.6842-0.999 2 that showed different constituents with various solvent extracts. The TQSMSS can characterize the sample similarity, by which we can quantitate the correct probability with the test of power under to make positive and negative conclusions no matter the samples come from same population under confident coefficient a or not, by which we can realize an analysis at both macroscopic and microcosmic levels, as an important similar analytical method for medical theoretical research.

Objective To investigate rheumatic disease manifestations in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and explore possible causes.Methods Nine myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS)inpatients with rheumatic disease manifestations were reviewed retrospectively.Results Nine patients with the diagnosis of MDS had active rheumatic disease manifestations with various degree of hypergammaglobulinemia and positive autoantibodies.Two patients had rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and RA+anti-phospholipid syndrome(APS),four systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and SLE+polymyositis(PM),one patients had adult onset Still's disease, one with acute arthritis and cutaneous vassulitis,one had lupus-like manifestations including polyserositis,al- buminuria,hypocomplementemia and positive Commb's test.Conclusion The rheumatic disease manifesta- tions in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes are characterized by various active rheumatic disease manifes- tation.Immunological abnormalities and ineffective hematopoiesis are persistent.Immunologic abnormalities in MDS such as impaired function of T and B cells,hypergammaglobulinemia,positive autoantibodies,may be the causes of various rheumatic manifestations.We suggest that there is a significant association between myeludys- plastic syndrome and rheumatic diseases.

Objective To study surface heparinization of small intestinal submucosa(SIS)and an- tithrombegenicity of beparinized SIS films with plasma initiation technique for the engineering vascular scaffolds. Methods The SIS films were grafted with heparin by hypothermia plasma initiation technique.The blood com- patibility of the modified SIS films was assessed by observing blood coagulation time in vitro and the long term pa- tency of hepafinized SIS vascular scaffolds directly under the circulation of blood.Results The hypothermia plasma initiation method could attach heparin onto the SIS surface,The water contact angle of SIS films modified with heparin was decreased while the surface free energy and hydrophilicity increased.The prothrombin time(PT),ac- tivated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and thrombin clotting Time(TT)of the SIS films modified with heparin were prolonged obviously.Small caliber engineering vascular scaffold made of heparinized SIS films kept the patency for six weeks.Conclusion Heparin can be attached to SIS films by hypothermia plasma initiation technique.The modified surfaces provide good and persistent antithrombogenicity,and possess potent blood compatibility,

Adult ; Child, Preschool ; Craniofacial Dysostosis ; surgery ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To detect the changes of interleukin-18 (IL-18) in plasma of trauma patients and evaluate their value in early warning of organ dysfunction. Methods A prospective study was carried out in 54 trauma patients admitted in from March 2001 to September 2002, which were divided into low injury severity score(ISS) group (Group L-ISS) and high ISS group (Group H-ISS). ELISA was applied to measure the level of IL-18 of blood samples that were collected on arrival, at days 4, 7 and 14 following admission. In the meantime, IL-18 level of plasma samples from patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was retrospectively analyzed so as to calculate the critical value of IL-18 in predicting organ dysfunction. Results After trauma, IL-18 concentration of plasma reached peak at days 4 and 7, and decreased gradually at day 14, which was significantly related to SIRS, sepsis and MODS, respectively. The IL-18 level was high relatively in plasma from patients with organ dysfunction. The higher IL-18 level in plasma within seven days after trauma indicated the severer organ dysfunction. Conclusion IL-18 is sensitive in early warning of organ dysfunction after trauma.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Helicobacter pylori on NLRP3 inflammasomes activation in THP-1 ( human monocytic cell line) -derived macrophages and evaluate the role of ROS.Methods:H.pylori strain SS1 was co-cultured with the THP-1-derived macrophages at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1∶100 based on trial results with different MOIs (ratios of THP-1 cells to bacteria ranging from 1∶25 to 1∶200).The co-culture supernatants and THP-1 cells were collected at various time points (3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h) and cytokine production was quantitated using ELISA analysis.The generation of intracellular ROS was detected by FCM,and the mRNA transcript levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were measured by Real-time PCR.Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of active caspase-1 subunit ( p10).Then we observed the inhibitory effects of NAC and siRNA specific for NLRP3 on the ex-pression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related components and the secretion of cytokines induced by H.pylori.Results:We found that H.pylori SS1 induced IL-1βand IL-18 production in human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 in a time-and dose-dependent manner.We further showed that H.pylori could induce the mRNA expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in THP-1 cells.Moreover, release of IL-1βand IL-18 from H.pylori-infected THP-1 cells was suppressed by the ROS scavenger NAC,which was an agent known to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome formation.NAC administration also resulted in a significant decrease in the level of H.pylori-induced caspase-1 protein expression in THP-1 cells.Additionally,secretion of IL-1βand IL-18 in response to H.pylori infection was remarkably reduced by NLRP3-siRNA.Conclusion:The induction of IL-1βand IL-18 secretion by H.pylori strain SS1 in THP-1 cells could be mediated through activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via ROS signaling pathway, which may be involved in the host innate immune defence and the pathogenesis of the bacteria.