Objective:The benefits of postoperative adjuvant therapy method for low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma were investigated. Methods:A total of 133 patients with low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma were treated at Shandong Cancer Hospital&Institute from February 2008 to March 2012. All patients received adjuvant therapy:42 were treated with pelvic ra-diotherapy (RT), 47 were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (CT)+intracavitary radiotherapy (ICRT), and 44 were treated with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). Disease-free survival (DFS) and complications of the therapy were evaluated. Results:No significant differences in DFS were observed in the patients treated with RT, CT+ICRT, and CCRT (P>0.05), and the three-year DFS rates were 94.0%, 93.4%, and 97.6%, respectively. The frequencies of grade III to IV acute toxicities were significantly higher in patients treated with CCRT (34.1%) than in those treated with RT (9.5%) or CT+ICRT (16.7%) (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the RT group and the CT+ICRT group (P>0.05). Grade I to II late toxicity was significantly more frequent in the CCRT (25%) and RT (19.0%) groups compared with the CT+ICRT group (4.3%) (P>0.05), but no statistically significant differences were observed between the CCRT and the RT groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:CT+ICRT or RT has a three-year DFS rate equivalent to CCRT but with fewer therapy com-plications for low-risk early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical features , diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid in order to avoid misdiagnosis and mismanagement .Methods Six cases of ectopic thyroid admitted to Fuzhou Gen-eral Hospital from Jan .2000 to Oct.2011 were retrospectively analyzed and the literatures were reviewed .Re-sults Three cases of ectopic thyroid were located in the anterior cervical area , 2 cases were at the base of the tongue and 1 case in the gall bladder .Two cases of aberrant thyroid were confirmed preoperatively in patients whose gland wasn't discovered by imaging examinations at the normal position of the thyroid gland .A symptomless individual of aberrant thyroid did not need other treatment but follow-up.One case with foreign body sensation in pharynx had a good response to thyroxine therapy .Four cases with accessory thyroid were operated because of misdiagnosis .Three cases were ectopic thyroid tissue and one was nodular goiter confirmed by pathology .None of these patients developed hypothyroidism after surgery .Conclusions Ectopic thyroid gland is a rare disease fre-quently misdiagnosed and mistreated .Goiters in the commonly location of ectopic thyroid gland such as the anteri-or cervical area and the base of the tongue should be paid special attention .Hormonal therapy or surgical inter-vention should be chosen according to clinical features , type of the goiter , thyroid function and whether it is be-nign or malignant .Long term follow-up and thyroid function tests are absolutely necessary .

Objective:To observe the impact of the medicated serum of Shumai Capsule and its decomposing on vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) proliferation induced by angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ) and level of NO,SOD,MDA in cell culture supernatant.Methods:Tissue explant method was used for cultivating vascular smooth muscle cells,serum pharmacology was used,AngⅡ10-7mol/L as a stimulating factor,medicared serum divided into Shumai Capsule group,Huoxue Huayu decomposing group(group 1) and Bupi Yishen decomposing group(group 2),MTT colorimetric was used to test OD values,biochemical detection kit was used to test NO,SOD,MDA levels.Results:The OD value of Shumai Capsule and group1 had significant difference from AngⅡ group and group2(P

Objective To investigate the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostat- ic duct and acinus system,and to study the mechanism of intraprostatic urinary reflux(IPUR)resulting from high pressure of the posterior urethra by experiment.Methods Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and corrosion casting methods,high pressure of the prostatic urethra was produced based upon IPUR in normal male canines.Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)casting solution was injected into 8 Beagle canines'normal prostates to induce intraprostatie resin solution reflux.Results Six casting molds of nor- real canine prostate specimens were obtained,and the casting failed in 2.By corrosion and casting treatment, the prostate appeared to consist of several glandular lobes.The columnar apophyses of glandular surface were observed.The most glandular ducts pointed outward from urethral peristome.Each glandular duct system was made up of many bifurcated branches from the bough as a duct tree.More than 90% of the bifurcations were Y-shaped,and 6 bifurcated branches were rarely seen.The tip of the duct was vesicular.The diameter and length of the bough were(0.37?0.14)mm and(1.14?0.04)mm,respectively.The intersectional angle of urethra and peripheral glandular duct was the biggest.Peripheral glandular duct was perpendicular or con- verse to urinary flow.Peripheral glandular aeinus appeared elliptic and velvet.The mesh-like and crater-like depressions were shown on the surface of central glandular aeinus.Ejaculatory ducts independently and branchlessly entered the urethra.Conclusions The resin corrosion casting methods combined with SEM can clearly show the three-dimensional structure of normal male canine prostatic duct and acinus system. IPUR may easily occur in the peripheral glands from the morphological view.It is suggested that prostatitis occurs more commonly in peripheral glands,confirming a fact that high pressure of the posterior urethra can induce IPUR.

Adult ; Biopsy ; DNA ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the second to the fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and body mass index (BMI) in infertile men of the Han ethnic group in Ningxia.

METHODSUsing anthropometry, we calculated the mean ratio of 2D:4D and BMI of 197 infertile men and 148 normal healthy male controls, followed by analysis of their relationship.

RESULTSThe BMI was correlated positively with the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand in the infertile men (P < 0.05) and in the patients with a higher 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05), but negatively with the 2D:4D ratio of the righ/left (Dr-1) (left: P < 0.01; Dr-l: P < 0.05). The mean 2D: 4D ratio and BMI were both lower in the normal control than in the infertile men, with statistically significant differences in BMI (P < 0.05) and the 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere is a correlation between the 2D:4D ratio and BMI in infertile men.

Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Fingers ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; Male

·AlM: To investigate pathogeny and effects of surgery on paralytic strabismus.
· METHODS: A retrospective study was done in 46 patients with paralytic strabismus who underwent squint correction in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2013. Among 26 horizontal strabismus, the cases of extra rectus palsy was 16, internal rectus palsy was 10.Among all20 vertical strabismus, the cases of superior oblique palsy, superior rectus palsy, inferior rectus palsy, double elevator palsy counted for 7, 8, 2 and 3, respectively. Pathogenesis: trauma was 19 cases, followed by 10 cases that the causes could not be identified.Nine was congen ital paralytic strabismus, 8 o ccurred after nose or brain surgery. The surgery methods included rectus muscle recession, rectus muscle resection, partial rectus muscle transposition, Jensen procedure, inferior oblique myectomy and anterior transposition of inferior oblique. Statistical software SPSS10.0 was used in chi-square test between two groups, while the situation of paralysis eye movements improved by two methods in the horizontal strabismus group was compared with t test.
· RESULTS: Among all horizontal strabismus the rate of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 20 ( 77%) , 5 ( 19%) and 1 ( 4%) , respectively. Among vertical strabismus the ratio of cure, improvement and inefficiency was 15 (75%), 3 (15%) and 2 (10%).There was no significantly difference between the two groups ( P >0.05 ). The movements of paralytic eyes were improved. Two procedures used in horizontal strabismus, can improve paralysis eye movements were 3.76 ±0.91, 3.72 ±0.84mm, with no significant difference (P=0.93) statistically.
· CONCLUSlON: Paralytic strabismus in adults had complicated conditions. Choosing different operation methods in treating paralytic strabismus according to the degree of paralysis can result in satisfactory cosmetically alignment of the eyes and modify head position and diplopia.

Appropriate selection and measurement of lead biomarkers of exposure are critically important for health care management purposes, public health decision making, and primary prevention synthesis. Lead is one of the neurotoxicants that seems to be involved in the etiology of psychologies. Biomarkers are generally classified into three groups: biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility.The main body compartments that store lead are the blood, soft tissues, and bone; the half-life of lead in these tissues is measured in weeks for blood, months for soft tissues, and years for bone. Within the brain, lead-induced damage in the prefrontal cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral problems, nerve damage, and possibly Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsons disease, and schizophrenia. This paper presents an overview of biomarkers of lead exposure and discusses the neurotoxic effects of lead with regard to children and adults.
Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior ; drug effects ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Lead ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Schizophrenia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To select the most effective method among different masking treatments, such as different thickness and transparence, tissue surface's opaque coating, and opaque resin cement to restore discolored teeth esthetically by porcelain veneer. METHODS: Four extracted intact maxillary central incisors were prepared for porcelain veneer restoration and each three heat pressed porcelain veneers from three thicknesses (0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm) and two transparency(high transparence, HT and low transparence, LT))in Vita shade A2 were fabricated for each tooth, in total of 72 pieces. The surfaces of three prepared teeth were then painted to mimic situations of severe dental fluorosis, severe tetracycline teeth, and necrotic teeth. Each of the veneers was temporarily cemented to the corresponding tooth surface using try-in cements with three different colors (transparent, opaque, and yellow), then used the shade guide (3D master) and electronic colorimeter (easy shade) to record the shade of each porcelain veneer through hue, lightness, and chroma reading. After that, high-transparence porcelain veneers in thickness of 0.8 mm was fused with a layer of opaque porcelain in tissue surface, and were shade matched again after cementation. Statistic treatments were performed to analyze the difference in each masking method. RESULTS: For each 0.2 mm increase in the veneer thickness of porcelain, the average lightness was reduced by 1 unit, while the chroma was not changed which was independent of the type of the resin cements. When the thickness of the porcelain veneer was decreased to 0.8 mm, the opacity effect was not remarkable even if a low-transparence porcelain veneer was used. Transparent and yellow resin cements had poor opaque performance, while opaque resin cement could reduce the lightness by 2 units and the chroma was also reduced. The opaque layer of the tissue surface could be applied uniformly, and the lightness and chroma could be reduced to Vita 2M1 to 2M1.5 levels regardless of the color of resin cements, which suggested a stable opacity effect for different discolored teeth in this study. CONCLUSION For porcelain veneer restoration of discolored teeth, thickened veneers are the most effective means to display a natural transmittance and color. Tissue surface's opacity coatings and opaque resin cements can also be used to reduce grayscale and increase lightness.
Color ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Prosthesis Coloring ; Resin Cements ; Tooth Discoloration/therapy*

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of artificial skin combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in treating large-area skin defects.

METHODSTotally 18 patients with skin defects, treated with artificial skin combined with VSD from September 2008 to May 2009 in our hospital, were retrospectively analyzed in this study. There were 15 males and 3 females, aged 7-66 years, 34.3 years on average. Among them, 10 cases had skin laceration caused by traffic accidents (7 with open fractures), 1 mangled injury, 1 blast injury, 1 stump infection combined with skin defects after amputation and 5 heel ulcers.

RESULTSAll skin grafts in 16 cases survived after being controlled by VSD for one time. For the rest 2 patients, one with skin avulsion on the left foot was given median thickness skin grafts after three times of VSD, the other with open fractures in the left tibia and fibula caused by a traffic accident was given free flap transplantation. Skin grafts of both patients survived, with normal color and rich blood supply.

CONCLUSIONSkin grafting in conjunction with artificial skin and VSD is much more effective than traditional dressing treatment and worth wide application in clinic.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Drainage ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lacerations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Care ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Transplantation ; Skin, Artificial ; Vacuum Curettage ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery