Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Hypertension ; surgery ; Renal Artery ; Sympathectomy ; methods

Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 was capable of secreting p-mannanase by konjac inducement. A 34 orthogonal design was applied to determine the optimum medium of inducing mannanase by Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098. The results suggested that Armillariella tabescens EJLY2098 secreted the high-activity enzyme in the optimum medium, which was composed of 2% konjac, 1% peptone, 25% potato juice,0.3% KH2PO4,15% MgSO4?7H2O, 0.01% VitB1. Purified by DEAE-anion exchange chromatography, two eluting peaks (P1 and P2) with the p-mannanase activity were obtained, and one of them (named?-mannanase P2) was a single band by the SDS-PAGE, and the molecular weight of?-mannanase P2 was 78. 9kDa. The isoelectric point of?-mannanase P2 was estimated to be 4.0-4. 1. The optimum activity for the enzyme was found at 60℃and pH4. 0 - 6. 0, and the enzyme was stable between pH4. 5 - 6. 0. The activity of?-mannanase P2 were enhanced by Na+ and Ba2+ . This?-mannanase can be used in feed industy. a new fungi secreting?-mannanase was obtained, providing an important base for cloning mannanase gene and constructing recombin microbe expressing?-mannanase .

Objective To evaluate the effects of implementing the health education in the Central Fund Program to control endemic fluorosis in Guizhou.Methods The samples were randomly surveyed to evaluate knowledge awareness in students and households as well as the habit formation after implementing the integrated program which mainly consisted of installing the improved stoves,supported by the Central Funds and health education in 5 counties.Results After health education,the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the households were 94.80%(15 562/16 415)and 88.23%(4482/5080),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[44.20%(26 364/59 645),22.81%(3082/13 510)],the difference being significant(χ2=13 324.05,6546.24,P＜0.01).The rates of drying corn and chili with the coal fire were 5.61% (57/1016)and 5.41%(55/1016),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention [77.41%(1076/1390),78.92%(1097/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=1214.49,1270.92,P＜0.01).The rates of washing corn and chili were 99.51%(1011/1016)and 94.59%(961/1016),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[84.60%(1176/1390),76.55%(1064/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=154.80,143.32,P＜0.01).The rates of using the uncovered and unventilated iron stoves and table stoves were 4.71%(38/807)and 8.37%(60/717),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention[29.99%(14 483/48 299),98.33%(95 070/96 685)],the difierence being significant(χ2=243.51,25 282.99,P＜0.01).Conclusions Implementing the health education is the basis for the integrated measures for controlling the endemic fluorosis in the endemic regions.The consciousness and activity of the target people have been enhanced greatly.The good behaviors in the target people are forming,the expected goal is reached.

Objective To study the follow-up management strategies after improving stoves for controlling coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in Guizhou and to provide a scientific basis for exploring the follow-up management measures.Methods In 2006 - 2009,three counties of Puding,Bijie and Liuzhi with improved stoves in 2005 and implemented follow-up management measures for subsequent three years were chosen,3 towns were chosen randomly in each chosen county,2 villages were selected randomly in each chosen town,10 households were investigated randomly in each chosen village,and 20 students were investigated of the knowledge of fluorosis control.The investigation included also the usage of the stoves,dehydration methods of grain and related conditions.Results ①The head of the family and student awareness of fluorosis control were 82.6％(743/900)and 91.7％ (1650/1800),respectively,and 35.0％ ( 385/1100 ) and 61.0％ (6605/10 835 ),respectively,before the test,and the difference was statistically significant( x2 =33.04,1189.12,all P ＜ 0.01 ).②The rates of chimney out of the house were 88.5％(69/78) and 100.0％(102/102),respectively,compared with those before the trial[74.4％(2125/2856) and 2.1％(104/4984),respectively],the difference was statistically significant(x2 =720.56,4295.38,all P ＜ 0.01).The iron stove and the table stove's airtight utilization rates were 85.9％(67/78) and 100.0％(102/102),respectively.③The corn and the hot pepper's correct drying rates were 100.0％(180/180).Compared with those[27.2％(49/180) and 32.2％(58/180),respectively]before the trial,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =26.68,37.38,all P ＜ 0.01 ).The corn and the hot pepper's washing rates before eating were 95.0％(57/60) and 98.3％(177/180),respectively.Compared with those[85.0％(153/180) and 77.8％(140/180)]before the trial,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =135.00,490.82,all P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The target population's awareness and knowledge of fluorosis prevention and related behavior are significantly elevated and enhanced after implementation of the three years post-management,which has reached the desired goal.The strategies of the follow-up management suits Guizhou province and widespread application is suggested.

According to Chinese medicine, the atlantoaxial joint is a composite joint composed of tendons and bones, and the stability of the joint depends on the 'tendon-bone balance' involving tendons, ligaments, atlas and axis. Multiple causes of 'tendon off-position, joint subluxation' will lead to joint 'tendon-bone imbalance', which will evolve into atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), endangering human health. Chinese therapeutic massage (tuina) is a very effective treatment for AAS in adults, but conventional manipulations are prone to ineffectiveness or accidents due to neglect of the causal relationship of the 'tendon-bone imbalance' and inappropriate manipulations. Compared with conventional manipulations, the rational choice of modified manipulations under the guidance of 'tendon-bone balance' theory is more effective and less risky, and more worthy of clinical promotion. From the 'tendon-bone balance' theory, we considered the shortcomings of conventional manipulations, and introduced several modified manipulations that have their own strengths in 'tendon smoothing' and 'bone setting', in order to provide new ideas for treatment of AAS in adults.

Aged ; Female ; Heart Atria ; parasitology ; pathology ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Myxoma ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists on transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β(1))-induced scarring of skin.

METHODSFibroblasts isolated from healthy adult skin were cultured in vitro and divided into blank control group (serum-free DMEM culture), TGF-β(1) group (with stimulation of 10 ng/mL TGF-β(1) for 48 hours), troglitazone group (with the same treatment as in TGF-β(1) group after stimulation of 10 µmol/L troglitazone for 2 hours), and 15-dioxygen prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) group (with the same treatment as in TGF-β(1) group after stimulation of 10 µmol/L 15d-PGJ2 for 2 hours) according to the stimulation added into DMEM. The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was determined with Western blot. The mRNA levels of CTGF, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were determined with real-time fluorescence RT-PCR. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance.

RESULTSThe expression of CTGF at mRNA and protein levels in skin fibroblasts were significantly increased in TGF-β(1) group as compared with control group; while expression of CTGF at mRNA and protein levels in 15d-PGJ2 and troglitazone groups were significantly decreased as compared with that in TGF-β(1) group. The mRNA level of MMP-1 in TGF-β(1) group (0.193 ± 0.051) was obviously lower than that in blank control group (1.281 ± 0.195, F = 12.811, P < 0.01), while the mRNA levels of MMP-1 in troglitazone group (0.417 ± 0.043) and 15d-PGJ2 group (0.485 ± 0.027) were significantly increased as compared with that in TGF-β(1) group (F = 12.811, P values all below 0.01). The mRNA level of PDGF in TGF-β(1) group (1.044 ± 0.237) was obviously higher than that in control group (0.349 ± 0.057, F = 16.848, P < 0.01), while the levels in troglitazone group (0.677 ± 0.055) and 15d-PGJ2 group (0.511 ± 0.017) were significantly decreased as compared with that in TGF-β(1) group (F = 16.848, P values all below 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe inhibitory effect of activated PPARγ on the expression of CTGF induced by TGF-β(1) may be the main mechanism of its inhibitory effect on TGF-β(1)-induced scarring on skin, and its influence on MMP-1 and PDGF may also be one of the underlying mechanisms.

Cell Line ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; agonists ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Based on the sequence of BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) along with the Cre/lox P system, the gene-targeting vectors to multiple loci of the repetitive internal transcribed spacers between rDNA genes in Leghorn chicken were constructed. The key material of multiple loci gene targeting in vivo would be obtained. First, the plasmid of pYLSV-TDN with TK, HRDS2, and Neo genes was constructed. The TK-HRDS2-Neo DNA fragment obtained from the plasmid of pYLSV-TDN was digested by Not I/HindIII and inserted into the upstream of the lox P site of BAC plasmid for obtaining the selective vector of BAC-TDN. The expression vector of pYLVS-GID with EGFP, hIFN genes, and HRDS1 was then obtained. The plasmid of BAC-TDN-VS-GID was obtained by cotransformation of the selective vector of BAC-TDN and the expression vector of pYLVS-GID to E. coli NS3529 through the action of Cre/lox P system. The gene-targeting vector of BAC-TDN-GID to multiple loci of the ITS region in Leghorn chicken was obtained by cleaving the sequence of pYLVS with the homing endonuclease of I -Sce I and ligating with the linker of LS. The insertion and the insert direction of DNA fragments were identified by restriction digestion or PCR and sequencing in each clone. The significance of the technique ofgene-targeting vector to multiple loci are shown as follows. First, the targeting loci were increased to 100 - 300. Second, the problems of unstable expression of inserted genes were partially solved. Third, the need for safety against toxicity integration was resolved. Fourth, the forbidden zone of gene integrating on the repetitive DNA sequences was broken through.
Animals ; Attachment Sites, Microbiological ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; metabolism ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Integrases ; genetics ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Transformation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blood pressure control rate and related influencing factors in hypertensive outpatients.

METHODSIn this multicentre, cross-sectional registration survey, hypertensive outpatients were recruited from department of cardiology, nephrology and endocrinology of 92 tertiary hospitals in 22 cites across China. Each centre enrolled more than 50 hypertensive outpatients aged 18 years or older between 20 April 2009 and 31 May 2009. Outpatients were surveyed by clinical interview with BP measurement and questionnaire.

RESULTSA total of 5086 subjects were enrolled, 2032 in department of cardiology, 1510 in department of endocrinology and 1544 in department of nephrology, 27.1% and 25.3% patients were in Grade 2 or Grade 3 hypertension, 37.2% patients were complicated with diabetes, 22.4% with coronary artery disease, and 18.4% with renal-dysfunction. Overall, controlled BP was achieved in 30.6% patients. The control rate was 45.9% in uncomplicated hypertensive patients, 31.3% in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease, 14.9% in patients with diabetes, and 13.2% in patients with renal-dysfunction. Calcium channel blocker (56.6%) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (32.0%) were the most frequently used medications. The mean number of antihypertensive agents prescribed per patient was 1.73, over 54.1% patients were treated with more than 2 antihypertensive drugs. Combination therapy or single-pill combination with various anti-hypertensive components was prescribed to 8.3% and 12.7% hypertensive patients as initial therapy. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that lower BMI, no alcohol intake, free medical care, no diabetes, no renal-dysfunction, lipid-lowering therapy, shorter interval of visiting physicians, regular taking antihypertensive medications, physical activity were the factors related to satisfactory blood pressure control rate in hypertensive outpatients.

CONCLUSIONSBlood pressure control rate among Chinese hypertensive outpatients was increased compared with epidemiological survey in 2002. BMI, co-morbidities, lower combination treatment rate, poor compliance were the key reasons for lower BP control rate. Increased use of combination therapy instead of monotherapy should be encouraged to hypertensive outpatients to improve BP control rate.

Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients ; Registries ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUNDGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. A change in the metabolism of lipids in tumor cells could lead to the pathogenesis of cancer. In this study, we investigated fatty acid and fatty acid amide metabolic perturbations associated with GC morbidity.

METHODSGas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was utilized to analyze fatty acids (FAs) and fatty acid amides (FAAs) of GC tissues and matched normal mucosae from 30 GC patients. Acquired lipid data was analyzed using non parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test to find the differential biomarkers for GC and diagnostic models for GC were established by using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).

RESULTSA total of 13 FAs and 4 FAAs were detected using GC/MS and 5 differential FAs as well as oleamide were identified with significant difference (P<0.05). The OPLS-DA model generated from lipid profile showed adequate discrimination of GC tissues from normal mucosae while the OPLS-DA model failed to separate GC specimens of different TNM stages. A total of 8 variables were obtained for their most contribution in the discriminating model (Variable importance in the projection (VIP) value>1.0), five of which were detected with significant difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFA and FAA metabolic profiles have great potential in detecting GC and helping understand perturbations of lipid metabolism associated with GC morbidity.

Amides ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases ; physiopathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology