Adolescent ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Myocarditis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; etiology ; physiopathology

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; Silicosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; complications

Objective To study the values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changing with time and space in cerebral infarction,and to provide the evidence in defining the infarction stages.Methods 117 work-ups in 98 patients with cerebral infarction (12 hyperacute,43 acute,29 subacute,10 steady,and 23 chronic infarctions) were imaged with both conventional MRI and diffusion weighted imaging.The average ADC values,the relative ADC (rADC) values,and the ADC values or rADC values from the center to the periphery of the lesion were calculated.Results The average ADC values and the rADC values of hyperacute and acute infarction lesion depressed obviously.rADC values in hyperacute and acute stage was minimized,and progressively increased as time passed and appeared as "pseudonormal" values in approximately 8 to 14 days.Thereafter,rADC values became greater than normal in chronic stage.There was positive correlation between rADC values and time[ (174 ±3.47)% vs (58±6.75)%,t =2.03,P ＜0.05 ].The ADC values and the rADC values in hyperacute and acute lesions had gradient signs that these lesions increased from the center to the periphery.The ADC values and the rADC values in subacute lesions had adverse gradient signs that these lesions decreased from the center to the periphery.Conclusion The ADC values of infarction lesions have evolution rules with time and space.The evolution rules with time and those in space can be helpful to provide the evidence in guiding the treatment or judging the prognosis in infarction.

Objective To investigate the clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features of critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy (CIPNM). Methods The clinical outcomes, electromyogram Results as well as pathological features in nerves and muscles of 3 patients with CIPNM were investigated and analyzed. Results 3 patients were all provided with assisted respiration after tracheal intubation. 7～10 d after intubation, all the patients emerged muscle strength and tendon reflexes of extremities weakening; while 14 days after that, 2 patients appeared amyotrophy of extremities. Electromyogram showed that the conduction of many motor and sensory nerves for extremities decreased, while the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of part of motor nerves decreased. Biopsy for nerves revealed decreased medullated nerve fibers and regeneration phenomenon of auxiliary fibers; while that for muscles showed neuralgic damage and myopathy-like changes. Conclusion CIPNM can complicate after tracheal intubation. The electrophysiological and pathological examinations for nerves and muscles can be helpful for the diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic factors in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) for selectively carrying out prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).Methods 114 patients with LA-NSCLC between Jun 2006 and Oct 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Related risk factors and features about brain metastases were analyzed.Results The 2-year incidence rate of brain metastases was 31.58 ％ (36/114),the first brain metastases was 20.18 ％ (23/114),and sole brain metastases was 9.65 ％(11/114),respectively.Variables involved in the equation of binary logistic regression analysis were pathology (OR =5.892) and treatment mode(OR =2.888).The incidence rate of brain metastases in patients of non-squamous carcinoma and single treatment mode was higher than others (P ＜ 0.01) Model fitting is better (P ＞ 0.05).Overall accuracy rate of predicting brain metastases is 67.7 ％.The increased rate of lactate dehydrogenase in the patients with brain metastases or death was 17.54 ％, which was higher than that in the survival patients without brain metastases (P ＜ 0.01).At the same time,the station number and the number of mediastinal lymph node metastases were positively correlated (r =0.716, P ＜ 0.01).The incidence rate of brain metastases or mortality rate was higher in the adenocarcinoma cases than that in the squamous carcinoma cases (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05),with more frequent occurrence of mediastinal metastases.The mean diameter of squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 5.8 cm and 3.9 cm, respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The incidence rate of brain metastases was higher in patients with single treatment.Large primary tumors, high lactate dehydrogenase, non-squamous carcinoma, multiple stations, and multiple mediastinal lymph nodes metastases can be regarded as risk factors of brain metastases to perform PCI.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of Acai berries(Euterpe oleraceae) on chronic alcoholic hepatic injury in rats and their mechanism.

METHODWistar rats were fed for 1 week and randomly divided into blank group, model group, Dongbao Gantai group, Acai 1.6, 0.8, 0.4 g . kg-1 groups. The blank group was given distilled water, and the other groups were orally given 56% white spirit (Erguotou) for eight weeks at the dosages of 8 mL . kg-1 in the 1st week, which increased by 0.1 mL week by week till to 15 mL . kg-1, in order to establish the chronic hepatic injury model, and observe the effect of Acai berry freeze-dried powder on hepatocyte membrane permeability, liver lipid peroxidation, changes in inflammatory cytokines and pathological changes in hepatocytes.

RESULTAcai berries could significantly reduce serum ALT and AST(P<0.05), MDA(P<0.05), TG(P<0.05) and serum TNF-α and IL-6(P <0.05) and increase GSH and SOD(P <0.05). According to liver histopathological observation, livers in the model group were dominated by steatosis, some livers suffered spotty necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration; The positive drug and Acai groups showed different changes in pathologic changes in rat livers.

CONCLUSIONAcai berries show s specific protective effect on alcoholic hepatic injury. Its mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of such inflammatory factors as TNF-α and IL-6.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Chronic Disease ; Cytokines ; blood ; Euterpe ; chemistry ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective:A fingerprint of raw material, extract ed and injections of radix notoginseng has been studied and provides the quality information.Method:Polaris C18-A column was used, with mixtu res of acetonitrile and water as mobile phase in a gradient mode. The wavelength of measurement was 203nm.Result:According to the selected chr omatographic conditions, a good fingerprint of radix notoginseng and its extract , preparation has been described.Conclusion:The method is simp le, accurate with good reproducibility. It may be practical value for the qualit y control of sample for radix notoginseng and its preparation.

Objective To investigate the special expression and diagnostic value of anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) in the muscle tissues of patients with mitochondria encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Methods All cases including 10 cases of MELAS, which were diagnosed definitely by clinical, pathological and DNA analysis, and 2 cases of normal control and 3 cases of necrotic muscle fibers, underwent muscle biopsies in order to carry out AMA staining. At the same time the original MGT staining was observed. Results A large number of ragged brown fibers (RBF) were observed under light microscopy with AMA immunohistochemical staining in the muscle tissues of patients with MELAS. But no RBF were observed in control groups. Conclusion RBF might be the specific performance of paraplastic mitochondrial, which was similar to the ragged red fibers, so RBF might be a pathological index in evaluating abnormal mitochondrial function and in diagnosing mitochondriopathy.

Objective To analyzed the CT features of struma ovarii(SO).Methods The clinical data and CT features of eleven patients with pathologically proved SO were retrospectively analyzed.CT features were compared with pathological results.Results(1)All tumors were unilateral.On non-enhanced CT,the lesions presented as well-defined irregular masses,which were cystic-solid(n=6,54.5%)or cystic(n=5,45,5%).(2)The cystic portions presented as well-defined,multiple,various size,and there were entire cystic walls with smooth inner wall.The tumors(63.6%)showed a high at attenuation lesions in the cyst portion of the mass on precontrast scans and the attenuation ranged from 72.3 to 113.5 Hounsfield units(HU)in 7 cases.The solid portions showed irregular tissue density,and were often distributed in the cysts.After contrast administration,the cystic portions showed no enhancement,the solid portions marked enhancement,and the cystic walls demonstrated no moderate,or marked enhancement.(3)The tumors(72.7%)showed stippled calcification in solid portions and(or)cystic wall in 8 cases.(4)The tumors(27.3%)accompanied with mature cystic teratomas,and showed fat density in 3 cases.(5)The tumors(27.3%)accompanied a great of ascites and pleural liquid.Conclusion CT characteristics of SO might be of great value for the diagnosis.

Objective To analysis the clinical manifestations of mtDNA A3243G mutation in adulthood.Methods The clinical features were investigated in 36 cases (28 patients from 5 families with the mutation and 8 sporadic cases),in whom mtDNA A3243G mutation was confirmed genetically in 23 cases (15 cases from 5 mutation families and 8 sporadic cases).Cranium radiology was performed in 14 cases.Muscal biopsies were performed in l0 cases.Results Among 28 cases in the 5 family,there were 9 cases (32.1%) with stroke like episodes,17 cases (60.7%) with diabetic mellitus and 16 cases (57.1%) with deafness.Such symptoms usually combined with each other and rarely existed alone. Cardiomyopathy and renal failure were uncommon.In the 23 cases with mtDNA A3243G mutation,14 cases (61.0%) had mitochondria] myopathy,encephalopathy,lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episodes (MELAS),mostly presenting cognitive abnormalities,dysarthria or aphasia and headache,3 cases (13.0%) were asymptomatic carriers,2 cases (8.7%) had autonomic dysfunction,2 cases (8.7%) had diabetic mellitus with or without nerve deafness,1 case (4.3%) had diabetic mellitus with infertilitas and cardiomyopathy,respectively.Cranial radiological images revealed the changes more commonly in the temporal and occipital lobes and less frequently in the frontal lobes.Ragged red fibers were confirmed in 9 of 10 cases with muscle biopsies.The proportion of mutant mtDNA A3243C was not significantly different between MEALS (28.75%?13.69%) and non-MELAS (25.08%?11.54%).Conclusions mtDNA A3243G mutation mainly results in the lesions in the central nerve system,pancreatic island and acoustic nerve in adulthood.Heart and kidney are less frequently involved.Cognitive abnormalities,aphasia and headache are the major symptoms of adult MELAS.Families have with more than 1 patient with diabetic mellitus and deafness,indicating that the mutation is other than MELAS mutation.We should pay more attention to the non-MELAS symptoms in the families with mtDNA A3243G mutation.