AlM: To investigate the influences of 577nm panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP ) on the retinal thickness of macular fovea on diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .METHODS:A total of 45 eyes of 37 cases suffering from preproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PPDR ) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) undergoing 577nm PRP were enrolled in this study. The alterations of the retinal thickness of macular fovea measured by optovue optical coherence tomography( OCT) before and 1, 3, 6mo following PRP were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS: The macularfoveal retinal thickness after 1, 3mo of PRP had significantly increased that before operation (P<0. 05). After 6mo postoperative follow-up, it gradually recovered to the level before PRP, with no significant difference (P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: After the treatment of PRP, it appeared a transient increase on the retinal thickness of macular fovea, but after 6mo following-up, the macular foveal retinal thickness decreased nearly to the levels before PRP.

Animals ; Colonoscopy ; methods ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins ; metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology ; Rodentia

To ascertain current situation of wild Marsdenia tenacissima resources in Honghe, Yunnan province, the distribution, habitat characteristic and resources reserves of M. tenacissima were surveyed based on interviews and investigation. The results showed that M. tenacissima was found in 7 counties such as Jinping, Mengzi etc, and distributed mainly on the mountainsides from 800 m to 1 200 m. And distribution was affected by many factors, such as light, heat, topography, soil, and vegetation. M. tenacissima grew well in distribution areas. M. tenacissima had averagely a weight of 2.8 kg per plant. Resources reserve of M. tenacissima in Honghe was estimated to 1 300 tons by now but it reduced rapidly in resent years, the wild resources reserve may not meet demand of market. Resources protection and wildlife tending would be conducted to deal with increasing medication requirements.
China ; Ecosystem ; Marsdenia ; classification ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; growth & development ; Soil ; chemistry

Objective To elucidate the electrophysiological features of POEMS syndrome. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the electrophysiological findings of 22 patients of POEMS, and compared their results with those of 22 patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Results Compared with the CIDP group, the motor nerve conduction velocity was decreased in the POEMS group, but the difference was not significantstatistically (P>0.05); whereas, distal motor latency (DML) was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and terminal latency index (TLI) was significantly increased (P<0.05). The incidence rate of the nerve conduction block in the POEMS group was lower than that in the CIDP group (P<0.05). Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of the tibial nerve was decreased significantly in the POEMS group as compared with the CIDP group (P<0.05), whereas CMAP of the median nerve was not significantly different (P>0.05). Abnormal electrophysiology was frequently observed in muscles of lower limbs in the POEMS group, and in comparison of upper limbs, the difference was not significant statistically (P<0.05).Conclusion In POEMS syndrome, slowing of nerve conduction velocity is more predominant in the intermediate segments of the peripheral nerve, and conduction block is rare. Abnormal nerve conduction may be correlated with limbs.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that anterior approach and posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy were effective, but there is stil no conclusion in which one is better.
OBJECTIVE:To systematical y assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of anterior approach versus posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
METHODS:The databases such as The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2013), PubMed (from 1966 to March 2013), OVID (from 1950 to March 2013), EMbase (from 1966 to March 2013), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (from 1978 to March 2013), WanFang Database (from 1998 to March 2013), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (from 1999 to March 2013) were electronical y searched and five relevant journals were searched by hand to col ect the randomized control ed trials or non-randomized control ed trials about the clinical effectiveness and safety of anterior approach versus posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then the meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.2 software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 11 control ed trials involving 814 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that, compared with posterior approach, postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were better (P<0.000 01), improvement rate of neurological function was higher (P=0.000 3), the incidence of C5 root palsy was lower (P=0.007), but operation time was longer (P<0.000 01), amount of intraoperative bleedin g was larger (P=0.000 7), incidence of adjacent segments degeneration was higher (P=0.01), incidence of postoperative complications was higher (P<0.000 01) and the rate of secondary surgical procedures was higher (P=0.003) after anterior approach. Additional y, there were no differences between the two groups in the cervical range of motion (P=0.56). For quantity limitation and low methodological quality of included studies, this conclusion stil needs to be further proved by performing more high-quality and large-scale randomized control ed trials.

Objective To describe the clinical features and imaging characteristics of nodular splenic sarcoidosis. Methods We describe a patient with splenic sarcoidosis and review the related medical literature, the etiology, symptomatology, pathology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management and prognosis of splenic sarcoidosis. Results The etiology of this rare disease remains unknown. Symptoms are scanty and usually mild; computed tomography usually reveals splenomegaly or the presence of multiple nodules, confusing with metastatic tumor in spleen. On histopathologic examination, sarcoid produces noncaseating granulomas. Sarcoid is typically treated only when symptomatic. Oral corticosteroids is the most important method of treatment in patients with progressive loss of organ functions. Prognosis has closed relationship with early clinical manifestation. Conclusion Splenic sarcoidosis is rare and often misdiagnosis as other diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on intracellular free Ca2+ concentration and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in PC12 cells exposed to bupivacaine. Methods The PC12 cells were provided by Shanghai Cell Biology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences and cultured in DMEM liquid culture medium. The cultured PC12 cells were seeded in 36 well plates and randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (n=9 wells each): group Ⅰ control (C);group Ⅱ propofol (P);group Ⅲ bupivacaine (B) and group Ⅳ propofol + bupivacaine (PB). In control group D-Hank solution was added. The cells were exposed to propofol 2 mmol/L and bupivacaine 0.09 mmol/L in group P and B respectively. In group PB the cells were incubated with propofol 2 mmol/L and bupivacaine 0.09 mmol/L simultaneously. After being incubated for 6 and 24 h the apoptosis in BC12 cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Apoptotic rate was calculated. NOS activity and intracellular free Ca2+ coneentration in PC12 cells were determined. Results Bupivacaine significantly increased the apoptotic rate of PC12 cells, the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration and NOS activity in PC12 cells in group B as compared with control group. Propofol significantly decreased the toxic effects of bupivacaine on PC12 cells in group PB compared with group B. Conclusion Bupivacaine is toxic to PC12 cells by increasing apoptosis, intracellular Ca+ concentration and NOS activity in the cells. The toxic effects can be prevented to some extent by concomitant administration of propofol.

Child ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Paraganglioma ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Among its various active components, glycyrrhizic acid is believed to be the marker component. Squalene synthase (SQS) and beta-amyrin synthase (beta-AS) are key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of glycyrrhizic acid in G uralensis. To reveal the effects of co-expression of SQS1 and beta-AS genes on this pathway, 7 yeast expression vectors harboring different SQS1 variants and beta-AS were constructed and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as fusion proteins. TLC and GC-MS results showed that co-expression of SQS1 and beta-AS enhanced the accumulation of beta-amyrin. The effects of SQS12 were more obvious than the other two SQS1 variants. This study is significant for further investigations concerned with exploring the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizic acid in vitro and strengthening the efficacy of G. uralensis by means of increasing the content of glycyrrhizic acid.
Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; genetics ; Intramolecular Transferases ; metabolism ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; metabolism

Child ; Contracture ; congenital ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Neck Muscles ; pathology ; Torticollis ; congenital