To study the chemical constituents from the bark of Myrica rubra, fourteen compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical properties and spectroscopic data, as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol (1), myricanol (2), myricanone (3), myricanol 11-sulfate (4), myricitrin (5), quercetin (6), quercetin-3-rhamnoside (7), tamarixol (8), uvaol (9), ursolic acid (10), taraxerol (11), myricadiol (12), β-sitosterol (13) and β-daucosterol (14). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, named as 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxymyricanol, compounds 8, 9 were isolated from the genus Myrica for the first time.
Diarylheptanoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Myrica ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Bark ; chemistry

Objective: To study the effects of glycosaminoglycan from scallop skirt (SS-GAG) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis action of SS-GAG. Methods: U937 cells were incubated with 80mg/L oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 48h to establish a macrophage-derived foam cell model. In addition, U937 cells were divided into 6 groups: ①control group; ②ox-LDL group; ③ox-LDL+200mg/L SS-GAG group; ④ox-LDL+400 mg/L SS-GAG group; ⑤ox-LDL+800 mg/L SS-GAG group; ⑥ox-LDL +Heparin 100 mg/L group.After 48h's incubation, the concentration of VEGF in the medium was determined by ELISA. Results: The expression of VEGF in U937 foam cells was obviously higher than that of the control group. After treatment with heparin (100 mg/L) and SS-GAG of different concentrations (200mg/L, 400 mg/L, 800 mg/L), the expression of VEGF decreased obviously, especially in the ox-LDL+800 mg/L SS-GAG group (P＜0.01). Conclusion: The antiatherogenic effect of SS-GAG is probably due to its ability to inhibit VEGF expression.

Objective To explore the current status of the prenatal care quality and the influencing factors in Hangzhou City. Methods We used sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire and the Chinese version of QPCQ to investigate 383 pregnancy women who were at 36 weeks' gestation or greater by convenient sampling method from September to December in 2016. Results A total of 350 questionnaires were valid. The average age of 350 samples was (29.71±3.67) years old. There were 231 primiparas which accounted for 66.00％. Among them, 196 (56.00％) were satisfied with the prenatal care they received, and 153 (43.70％) think general, and only 1 (0.30％) felt unsatisfied. The score of the Chinese version of QPCQ was 3.61±0.50. The item "My prenatal care professional (s) always answered my questions honestly" had the highest scores of 4.10±0.62, while "My prenatal care professional (s) did things hastily" had the lowest scores of 2.44±0.96 . By multiple linear regression analysis, those people who had more visiting time (β' = 0.21, P<0.01), less waiting time (β' = -0.18, P<0.01) and the cognition of the essentiality of pregnancy school (β' = 0.12, P=0.02) were more likely to give higher regards for the quality of prenatal care. Conclusion Sufficient time scored relative lower in the whole questionnaire. So, hospitals could take efforts to shorten the waiting time by promoting the hospital process optimization, making good use of this period time and other strategies, so as to improve the quality of prenatal care.

Objective To explore the effect of individual health education on the patients with colostomy.Methods Seventy-eight patients received individual health education.They were investigated with the questionnaire about the exercise of selfvcare-agency(ESCA) and the assessment of self-care agency in third to fifth day after operation,left hospital and three months after discharged.Results The average score of ESCA of patients in third to fifth day after operation,left hospital,three months after discharged was ( 96.63 ± 10.13 ),(106.18 ± 8.94),(134.74 ± 9.54),and different time slot with different score,and the different was statistically different (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the sub-scale score of self-care skill,self-nursing sense,self conception,health knowledge level,colostomy care was significantly different between different time slots ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Individual health education can obviously improve the self-care agency of patients with colostomy and effectively reduce the complication of colostomy.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of pregnancy termination at second and third trimester in women with scarred uterus and placenta previa .Mtehods:Clinical data of 24 pregnant women of second and third trimester with a scarred uterus and placenta previa ,who requested termination in Women ’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine from July 2009 to June 2014 , were retrospectively analyzed .The method of mifepristone combined with ethacridine lactate was adopted for all cases . Mifepristone combined with ethacridine lactate and uterine artery embolization were routinely given for patients with complete placenta previa . Cesarean section was performed for patients who failed to delivery or underwent massive vaginal bleeding before delivery. Age, gestational weeks, gravidity and parity, times of previous cesarean section , the interval from previous operation , the position and the type of placenta previa , placenta accretet , the indication and method of termination , postpartum hemorrhage , successful rate of labor induction , placental retention ratio and uterus rupture were documented .Results: The successful rate of labor induction was 83 .3%.The analysis showed that age , gestational weeks , gravidity and parity and times of previous cesarean section were not risk factors for failed labor induction , however the interval time from previous operation was related to induction failure ( P<0.05 ) .Patients with previous cesarean section ≥13 years were more likely to require cesarean section than those <13 years ( P<0 .05 ) .The placenta adhered to the antetheca of the uterus or placenta accrete increased risk to have cesarean section . There were no significant differences in postpartum hemorrhage , the successful rate of labor induction, placental retention ratio and the rate of uterine rupture between patients with uterine artery embolization and those without .Conclusion: The labor induction would be feasible for women with a scarred uterus and placenta previa in second and third-trimester pregnancy.The previous operation ≥13 years, the antetheca placenta or placenta accrete might increase the incidence of labor induction , while the uterine artery embolization would rise the successful rate of labor induction .

Objective To investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of four molecular markers ER,PR,HER-2 and Ki6 7 ,so as to provide the basis for accurate individualized treatment of breast cancer patients.Methods We enrolled 165 breast cancer patients who underwent radical surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 1,2013 to December 31,2015.Among them,62 patients received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC group),and 103 received no adjuvant (control group).We collected all the patients'preoperative and postoperative pathological specimens;we detected the expression levels of ER,PR,HER-2 and Ki67 by immunohistochemical method.Results Compared with that in control group patients,in NAC group the change rate of ER expression was 12.1% (7/58)and 7.8% (8/103) before and after chemotherapy,respectively,with no significant difference (P=0.3 78);the change rate of PR expression was 10.3% (3/58)and 10.7% (11/103),with no significant difference (P=0.227);the change rate of HER-2 expression was 8.6% (5/58)and 22.3 (23/103),with significant difference (P=0.026);the change rate of Ki67 expression was 39.7% (23/58)and 19.4% (20/103),with significant difference (P=0.006).In addition,the effective rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients with high Ki67 expression was 63.8% (30/47), that of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with low Ki6 7 expression was 3 3 .3 % (5/15),with significant differences between the two groups (P=0.038).Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can change the status of HER-2 and Ki6 7 in breast cancer patients,in which the high Ki6 7 expression level predicts better effect of chemo-therapy.

The relationship between the levels of renalase and changes in proteinuria,hypertension,renal function,renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression was investigated in patients (chronic nephritis,primary nephrotic syndrome or other kidney disease) that underwent renal biopsy.The study group comprised 72 patients undergoing renal biopsy.Patient profiles and renal function were collected.Concentrations of renalase and Bcl-2 were measured by immunohistochemistry.Tubular injury was detected by periodic acid Schiff staining (PAS) and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay.The expression of renalase was significantly lower in renal biopsy specimens than in normal kidney tissues.There was a positive linear relationship between renalase and some serum and cardiac indices;a negative correlation was found between age,eGFR,Ccr and 24-h urinary protein.Renal tubule injury index and tubular epithelial cell apoptosis index showed a negative linear correlation with renalase.The results showed that renalase probably increased the expression of Bcl-2.By two independent samples t-test,renalase levels were significantly increased in the non-hypertension group than in the hypertension group.One-way ANOVA showed that renalase expression was higher in samples with Lee's grade Ⅲ than in those with Lee's grade V.The expression of renalase was significantly decreased in patients who underwent renal biopsy,and was also associated with blood and renal function.The research proved that renalase may reduce renal tubular injury and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway,finally achieving the purpose of delaying the progress of renal failure.

In recent years, micro/nano-scaled separation technique has attracted increasing attention due to its inherent advantages. The porous layer open tubular ( PLOT) capillary column is an important microcolumn form. Comparied to wide-bore PLOT capillary columns ( inner diameter >25 μm ) , the PLOT capillary columns with a narrow inner diameter yield higher separation efficiency and lower reagent consumption. In this paper, the preparation methods for porous layer open tubular capillary columns with narrow inner diameter, less than or equal to 25 μm, are reviewed. Detection techniques combined with mass spectrometry and their applications in liquid chromatography are also disussed.

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of standard-dose idarubicin in combination with continuous infusion of cytarabine as induction therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A total of 38 AML patients were enrolled, including 30 new diagnosed patients, 8 relapsed and refractory patients. Cytogenetic analysis was performed in all patients, 15 patients had cytogenetic aberrations including 4 complex abnormalities. All patients were treated with standard-dose idarubicin [12 mg/(m(2).d), days 1 to 3] and continuous infusion of cytarabine [100 mg/(m(2).d), days 1 to 7]. The results showed that after one course of induction therapy, the overall response rate was 89.5% (34/38), and 32 out of 38 (84.2%) patients achieved complete remission (CR), including 27 of 30 (90.0%) new diagnosed AML patients, 5 (62.5%) refractory and relapsed AML patients, all 4 patients with complex cytogenetic aberrations achieved cytogenetic CR. Out of 6 relapsed patients 2 showed as extramedullary relapse, 4 showed as bone marrow relapse. The median survival duration was > 22 months and median disease-free survival time was > 16 months. Myelosuppression and infections due to neutropenia were the most frequent adverse effects, severe nonhematologic toxicity and the early death were not observed in the patients. It is concluded that standard-dose of idarubicin combined with continuous infusions of cytarabine as the induction therapy is highly effective and well tolerated approach in patients with AML, this regimen provides an opportune moment for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Idarubicin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEObesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, many indexes can be used to describes obesity and predict diabetes. This research attempts to identify the best indicator of obesity to screening diabetes in Chinese population.

METHODSA cross-sectional data of 8121 subjects aged 35-60 years were included in this research belongs to the Diabetes Appropriate Technology Intervention Study. Anthropometric indicators including body weight, height, waist circumferences (WC), body fat index (BFI) and visceral fat index (VFI) and blood biochemical indicators after an overnight fast [fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triacylglycerol] were measured. BMI (body mass index) and Weight to Height Ratio was calculated.

RESULTSSubjects with obesity had a higher risk of physician diagnosed diabetes (OR=2.50, 95% CI 1.83-3.43), new diagnosed diabetes (OR=4.23, 95% CI 2.91-6.15) and pre-diabetes (OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.31-2.34) compared to those with normal Body mass index (BMI). There was a significant trend of increased risk of all diabetes status with increased waist circumference (WC). The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) yielded the most significant association with new diagnosed diabetes and physician diagnosed diabetes than other indices.

CONCLUSIONCentral obesity is significantly correlated with diabetes. VFI was most correlated with pre-diabetes while WHtR is an efficient screening index than BMI and WC in Chinese community diabetes screening.

Adipose Tissue ; physiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; etiology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; complications ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio