Objective To investigate the current situation of health promoting behaviours among the maintenance hemodialysis patients(MHD) and explore the related factors of health promoting behaviours among the MHD patients. Methods A total of 120 MHD patients were investigated with a set of questionnaires, including demographic data, Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), Self Rated Abilities for health Practices Scales (SRAS), Short Form 36 Health survey Questionnaire (SF-36) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results The mean score of overall health-promoting lifestyles was 63.18, which was significantly positively correlated with demographic characteristics, education and economic status. The health promotion behaviors was positively correlated with self-efficacy of health behaviours, perceived health status and social support. Conclusions The health-promoting behaviours among the MHD patients is at medium level. Better health promoting are found among the MHD patients with higher education and better economic status. Better health promoting behaviours are found among the MHD patients with high self-efficacy of health behaviours,better perceived health status and more social support.

OBJECTIVETo assess the larvicidal effects of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing scorpion neurotoxin AaIT or Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis (B.t.i) toxin Cyt2Ba against the second instar larvae of Culex pipiensquinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus and compare different formulations for their larvicidal effects.

METHODSThe AaIT- or Cyt2Ba-coding sequences were cloned into pET28a(+) and the recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). After induction with IPTG, the recombinant proteins expressed by the recombinant E. coli were detected and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, respectively. The larvicidal activity of the bacterial suspension was tested at different concentrations against mosquitoes. The effective engineered bacteria were prepared into dry powder with different formulations, and their larvicidal activity was tested.

RESULTSAaIT and Cyt2Ba proteins were successfully expressed in E. coli. The recombinant AaIT protein showed no virulence to the mosquito larvae. The suspension of the recombinant E. coli expressing Cyt2Ba protein exhibited a stronger killing effect on Aedes albopictus larvae than on Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus larvae at 48 h (P<0.001) with LCof 3.00×10cells/mL and 1.25×10cells/mL, respectively. The dry powder of the engineered bacteria formulated with yeast extract, wheat flour or white pepper powder at the mass ratio of 1:1 showed the strongest killing effect on mosquito larvae (P=0.044), and the formulation with white pepper powder produced a stronger killing effect than formulations with yeast extract or wheat flour (P=0.002).

CONCLUSIONThe B.t.i Cyt2Ba protein expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) shows a good larvicidal activity against mosquitoes, and appropriate formulations of the engineered bacteria can enhance its efficiency in mosquito control.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical characteristics of Wolman disease and diagnostic methods using enzymatic and molecular analysis.

METHODLysosomal acid lipase activity was measured using 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate in the leukocytes of an infant suspected of Wolman disease and LIPA gene mutational analysis was performed by PCR and direct sequencing in the proband and his parents. After the diagnosis was confirmed, the clinical, biochemical, radiological and histopathological findings in this case of Wolman disease were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTThe sixteen-day-old boy was failing to thrive with progressive vomiting, abdominal distention and hepatosplenomegaly. Abdominal X-ray revealed adrenal calcifications which were confirmed on abdominal CT scan. Xanthomatosis were observed on enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes during abdominal surgery. Liver and lymph node biopsy showed foamy histiocytes. The lysosomal acid lipase activity in leukocytes was 3.5 nmol/(mg·h) [control 35.5 - 105.8 nmol/(mg·h)]. Serum chitotriosidase activity was 315.8 nmol/(ml·h) [control 0 - 53 nmol/(ml·h)]. The patient was homozygote for a novel insert mutation allele c.318 ins T, p. Phe106fsX4 in exon 4 on LIPA gene. His both parents were carriers of the mutation.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical features of Wolman disease include early onset of vomiting, abdominal distention, growth failure, hepatosplenomegaly and bilateral adrenal calcification after birth. A plain abdominal X-ray film should be taken to check for the typical pattern of adrenal calcification in suspected cases of Wolman disease. The enzymatic and molecular analyses of lysosomal acid lipase can confirm the diagnosis of Wolman disease.

Adrenal Gland Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Exons ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukocytes ; enzymology ; Lipase ; blood ; genetics ; Liver ; pathology ; Lysosomes ; enzymology ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Splenomegaly ; pathology ; Sterol Esterase ; genetics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Wolman Disease ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; therapy ; Oligopeptides ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVECastrated rats exhibit significant shrinkage of the ventral prostate and apoptosis of prostatic cells, which can be attributed to the reduced blood supply to the prostate. But what causes the blood decrease in the prostate remains unknown. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of the changes in the microcirculation of the ventral prostate of rats following castration.

METHODSWe randomized 24 male adult rats into 6 groups of equal number, and collected their ventral prostates at 0, 1/2, 1, 2, 3 and 7 d, respectively, after castration. Then we observed the changes of the microvessels under the transmission electron microscope, detected the apoptosis of endothelial cells by TUNEL, and determined the expressions of VEGF, endostatin, angiostatin and angiopoietin-2 by Western blot.

RESULTSThe castrated rats showed dramatic changes in the microvessels of the ventral prostate, obvious apoptosis of the endothelial cells, down-regulated expression of VEGF, and up-regulated expressions of endostatin and angiostatin, while angiopoietin-2 remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONThe decreased level of VEGF and increased levels of endostatin and angiostatin might underlie the mechanism of the changes in the microcirculation of the ventral prostate of rats following castration.

Angiopoietin-2 ; metabolism ; Angiostatins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Endostatins ; metabolism ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Orchiectomy ; Prostate ; blood supply ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To establish recombinant outer membrane lipoprotein LipL32-based antibody detection assays in identifying leptospirosis. Methods Recombinant leptospiral outer membrane protein LipL32 was obtained by genetic engineering method. This purified protein was used in the indirect and sandwich ELISA assays to test the antibodies in sera of human beings and rats, and the results were compared with those obtained by microscopy agglutination test (MAT) and imported ELISA kit. Results When the acute and convalescent phase specimens from 9 leptospiral patients were tested, the detected rates of three ELISAs were similar to the MAT. Among the 45 probable cases which MAT showed positive, 32 (71.11%) samples were positive by r32-I-ELISA, 36(80.00%) by r32-S-ELISA,while 28.89% (13/45) samples were positive and 55.56% (25/45)were suspicious by D.A.I-ELISA. The specificity of r32-I-ELISA and r32-S-ELISA were 97.10 % (67/69) for 69 specimens. 43 healthy specimens were negative by both r32-I-ELISA and r32-S-ELISA, 14 healthy specimens were negative by D.A.I-ELISA. Among 16 non-leptospirosis patients, two specimens were positive by r32-I-ELISA and r32-S-ELISA, D.A.I-ELISA and identified one positive specimen, while 12 specimens were suspicious by D.A.I-ELISA. For 10 syphilis specimens, data obtained through three ELISAs were in consistent with that by MAT. A sandwiched ELISA, using rLipL32 protein as the antigen was developed to detect rat sera. Considering MAT as standard test, the sensitivity and specificity were 86.75 % (131/151), 99.19 % (122/123) respectively with coincidence rate as 92.34% (253/274). Conclusion The recombinant protein LipL32 had high immunoresctivity and could be used as an antigen for the detection of panthogenic leptospirosis. In summary, the novel sandwiched ELISA with rLipL32 showed similar sensitivity and specificity to that of MAT in the antibody detection of rat leptospirosis. It was suitable for large scales field sero-epidemiological studies.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severity of Illness Index ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Young Adult

Objective The choice of surgical approaches for salvage surgery based on the location and invasion of recurrent and residual lesions of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),surgical results,complications,and survival were assessed.Methods Thirty-seven cases with recurrent and residual lesions of NPC underwent salvage surgery between March 1991 and January 2005 were analysed retrospectively.Of 37 patients,23 were men and 14 women,with a median age of 46.5 years (26 -57 years) ;4 were at stage Ⅰ,10 at stage Ⅱ,14 at stage Ⅲ,and 9 at stage Ⅳ; 5 cases were with cervical metastasis,including 3 cases of N1 and 2 cases N2.All recurrent and residual lesions of NPC were determined by biopsy.On the location and invasion of recurrent and residual lesions of NPC,8 cases underwent endoscopic resection of lesions,12 cases of the palate nasopharyngectomy,5 cases of maxillary swing,4 cases of maxillary swing plus preronal approach,2 cases of lateral rhinotomy plus coronalflap approach,and 6 cases transfacial plus nasal pyramid swing approach.Five cases with cervical metastasis received neck dissection in addition to the operations for recurrent and residual lesions of NPC. Postoperatively 31 cases received radiotherapy with dosage of 60 Gy,among them 15 cases with concurrent chemoradiation therapy,and 6 cases with clear surgical margin did not received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The cases were followed up for 12 - 72 months,with a median of 45 months.Results Total resection for the recurrent and residual lesions of NPC acounted for 91.8% (34/37) and subtotal resection for 8.2% (3/37). The accidence of perioperative complications was 24.3% (9/37). The 3- and 5-year overall disease-free survival rates (DFSR) were 62.1% and 43.3%,respectively. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates (OSR) were 72.9% and 51.3%,respectively.The 5 year DFSR of cases at stage Ⅰ - Ⅳ were 100%,40%,28% and 11% (χ2 =10.0,P ＜0.01＝,respectively.The 5 year OSR were 100%,70%,35% and 28% (χ2 = 11.5,P ＜0.01),respectively.Conclusions Salvage surgery is a justified treatment for the recurren and residual lesions of NPC,by which some patients with recurren and residual lesions of NPC can be salvaged.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between bacterial biofilm (BBF) and chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS).Methods The database on line was searched to collect the studies on BBF and CRS.The method of meta analysis was used to analyze the data of suitable studies.Results Fourteen studies were included.System evaluation indicated that the BBF detection rate in CRS group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR =17.01,P ＜0.01),and the nasal surgery's rate of BBF positive group was significantly higher than the negative group (OR=3.99,P ＜ 0.01).Preoperative Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score,Lund-MacKay CT score,symptom severity score,postoperative Lund-Kennedy score after six months showed no difference between BBF positive group and negative group.Conclusion The presence of BBF is related to the pathogenesis of CRS and the history of nasal surgery.

The infectious disease outpatient service as a frontier is an important fulcrum of public health service. Its standardized construction is an important support for ensuring medical safety, reducing nosocomial infections, and controlling the epidemic of infectious diseases. The sub-specialty outpatient service of infection diseases includes fever outpatient service, intestinal outpatient service, tuberculosis outpatient service, AIDS outpatient service, liver disease outpatient service, etc. According to the characteristics of each subspecialty outpatient service and combining with clinical practice, we elaborated the setting norms of subspecialty outpatient service for common infectious diseases from the perspective of planning and design, building layout, equipment and facilities configuration, staffing, daily management and demonstration.