In order to improve the effect of teaching and teachers' ability,make our teaching methods adapt to the social development,the department of Endocrinology used the method of preparing lessons collectively in our teaching.We found that the method not only made the the supply of teachers reasonably but also made good contribution to the students' culture.Practice testified that the method of preparing lessons collectively could adapt to the new model of cultivation and create substantial results.

Objective To evaluate the magneto-heating effect and cytotoxicity of the carbonyl iron powder as a feasibility for arterial embolization hyperthermia. Methods Different doses of carbonyl iron powder suspensions were prepared in vitro(10 mg/ml,100%;10 mg/ml,50%;or 64 g/L phenol solutions),and heated for 20 minutes in an alternating magnetic field(49.9,79.9,and 110.2 Oe).The influences of the doses of suspensions and currency of magnetic field on the heating effect were observed.Meanwhile,mouse fibroblast L-929 cells were cultured with the suspensions for 2,4,or 7 days.The morphology and relative growth rate(RGR) of the cells were determined by microscopy and MTT assay.The cytotoxicity of the suspensions was then classified. Results The heating ability of the carbonyl iron powder increased with the suspension concentration and the strength of the magnetic field.A optimal therapeutic temperature was achieved at 110.2 Oe with 60 mg/ml carbonyl iron powder suspension.The L-929 cells showed normal morphology after been treated by the carbonyl iron powder(10 mg/ml 100% solution and 50% solution) for 2,4 and 7 days with the 0-1 degree cytotoxicity.Conclusion The carbonyl iron powder has good heating effect under the alternating magnetic field,and is compatible with the tested cells.

Objective To evaluate the preoperative diagnosis and treatment of primary non-specific ureteritis,and to better understand this disease.Methods Three cases of primary non-specific ureteritis (1 man and 2 women)were reported.Their age was 28,38,68 years,respectively.One ease was found to have hydronephrosis on B-ultrasound at physical examination with no symptoms,and 2 had abdominal pain. The lesions were detected in lower part of the ureter in 2 cases,and in middle in I.The patients were diag- nosed preoperatively with combined use of MRU and ureteroscopy.Partial resection of the diseased part of the ureter was performed in all the cases.Results Pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of non-spe- cific ureteritis.Microscopy showed necrotic tissue and inflammatory cell infiltration of ureteral mucosa,dilated and congested blood vessels,hypertrophic muscular layer,and proliferation of fibrous tissue.During the fol- low-up of 2 years,the patients had no symptoms and were free from hydronephrosis.Conclusions The eti- ology of primary non-specific ureteritis is unclear,and no typical symptoms can be found clinically.Combined use of MRU and ureteroscopy is helpful for definite diagnosis of the disease.Partial resection of the diseased part of the ureter has good results.

0.05).Some waves(N2,P3,N3) were even absent in children with TS and mental retardation.Statistical analysis indicated that the differences were significant(all P0.05).Conclusion The functional deficit in TS was localized prominently in cerebral cortex and subcortex,and the changes of SEP were almost same marked on both sides.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the levels of secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles and their association with the expressions of aquaporins (AQP) in the prostatic tissue and seminal vesicles of castrated rats.

METHODSWe randomly divided 18 eight-week-old male SD rats into a control, a castration, and a testosterone (T) replacement group. Four weeks after surgical castration, we detected the plasma T level and measured the volumes of the secretions and the expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the rats.

RESULTSThe plasma T level was significantly lower in the castrated models ([30. 98 ± 28. 84] ng/dl) than in the rats of the control ([700.78 ± 123.8] ng/dl) and T replacement groups ([688.08 ± 132. 47] ng/dl) (P <0. 05). The castration group, in comparison with the control and T replacement groups, showed remarkably reduced ratios of prostatic secretion volume / prostate weight ([11.1 ± 0.30] vs [2.32 ± 0.61] and [2.13 ± 0.56] %, P <0. 05) and seminal vesicle secretion volume / seminal vesicle weight ( [4. 78 ± 1. 97 ] vs [57. 36 ± 11. 86] and [55. 74 ± 7. 21] %, P < 0. 05). Immunohistochemistry revealed the expressions of AQPs 3 and 7 in the epithelial envelop and cytoplasm and that of AQP 11 the in endothelial envelop and cytoplasm of the prostate and seminal vesicles. Western blot exhibited significantly lower expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostate and seminal vesicles of the castrated rats than in the animals of the control and T replacement groups (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSignificant decreases of the secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles may be related to the reduced expressions of AQPs 3, 7, and 10 - 12 in the prostatic tissue and seminal vesicles in castrated rats.

Animals ; Aquaporins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seminal Vesicles ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; blood

Objective To investigate the association of angiotensinogen(AGT)gene A-6G、T174M and G-217A polymorphisms with the risk of essential hypertension(EH)in the elderly of Han nationality.Methods Genotypes of AGT gene A-6G,T174M and G-217A polymorphisms in 177 aged EH patients and 86 sex and age-matched controls were analyzed with gene chip technology.Results The A-6G and T174M polymorphisms of AGT gene were significantly associated with EH.The numbers of the three genotypes of A-6G were 113,58 and 6 in the patient group and 70,15 and 1 in the control group(P= 0.014)and those of T174M were 94,77 and 6,60,25 and 1(P=0.031),respectively.G-217A polymorphism was not related to EH.Individuals carrying A-6G AA and T174M CC genotypes showed 57% and 56% lower risk of EH(OR=0.43;95%CI=0.23-0.82 and OR=0.44;95%CI=0.25-0.79, respectively).Conclusions The A-6G AA and the T174M CC genotype may be related with decreased risk of EH and G-217A polymorphism may have little role in the etiology of EH in Han nationality.

BACKGROUND: Angiotensinogen (AGT) gene is the firstly discovered candidate gene for essential hypertension, both the T174M and M235T polymorphisms locate at the second exons of AGT gene, and there is existence of linkage disequilibrium. The polymorphism at A-6G and G-217A sites in promotor region plays an important role in regulating the gene expression, and the products of keep close correlation with the level of blood pressure. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of AGT gene at A-6G, T174M and G-217A sites and the risk for the attack of essential hypertension in Chinese Han population, DESIGN: A cluster sampling and case-control analysis. SETTINGS: Department of Geriatrics and Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Southern Research Center of National Human genome; Department of Cardiology, Dongtai People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province. PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was carried out in the countryside of Dongtai county, Yancheng city, Jiangsu province. All the subjects were selected from the countryside of Dongtai county, Yancheng city, Jiangsu province. Totally 177 patients with essential hypertension who had never accepted any drug treatment, were taken as the essential hypertension group, and hypertension was diagnosed according to the diagnostic standard of hypertension set by WHO/ISH in 1999 (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg); Another 86 normal person were taken as the normal control group. ② Inclusive criteria: The enrolled subjects should be Han nationality; long-term local residents but not from other places; able to answer questions clearly; diagnosed by disease history, clinical symptoms, physical signs and assistant examinations; have complete data of investigation of uniform questionnaires by face-to-face interview (including demographic information, profession history, family history and life styles of smoking, drinking, drinking tea, etc.). ③ Exclusive criteria: The patients with secondary hypertension in the essential hypertension group, subjects having family hisory of hypertension in the normal control group, and those with chronic diseases of liver and kidney, and diabetes mellitus in both groups were excluded. METHODS: Peripheral venous blood samples (3 mL) were collected, and DNA was extracted from human peripheral blood with FlexiGene DNA Kit (250). The Primer3 software was applied to design primers, and the polymorphism sites in the primer sequence were excluded. After multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 3 μL products were selected to detected the amplified results by agarose gel electrophoresis. The successfully amplified PCR products were purified with the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit, and the purified products were fragmentized with Dnase Ⅰ . The fragmentized products of enzyme digestion were labeled with fluorescein by deoxynucleotide terminal transferase. Two allele specific probes and one mismatched probe were designed respectively for each single nucleotide polymorphism. The chips were prepared with the OmniGridTM 100 TLC samler, each probe was repeated for three times to form three matrix. The hyridization solution was degenerated at 95 ℃ for 10 minutes, and then immediately cut on ice. 10 μL hybridization solution was added onto the chip matrix, hybridized at 50 ℃ for 2 hours, then washed and dried. The chips were scanned with the GenePix 4000B laser confocal scanner (Figure 2),and the intensity of the fluorescent signal for each probe was extracted with GenePix Pro, and the allele score of each single nucleotide polymorphism was calculated to judge the genotype. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of the frequencies of genotype distribution at each polymorphism site of AGT gene in both groups; ② Correlation analysis of the polymorphism of AGT gene at A-6G and T-174M sites with the risk for the attack of essential hypertension; ③ Effects of the polymorphism of AGT gene at A-6G, T-174M and G-217A sites on blood pressure.RESULTS: According to the intention-to-treat analysis,all the 263 subjects were involved in the analysis of results. ① At the A-6G site of AGT gene, the frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes (P=0.014) and A and G alleles (P=0.004, OR=0.44) had significant differences between the essential hypertension group and normal control group; At the T174M site, the frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotypes (P=0.031) and A and G alleles (P=0.014, OR=0.55) were significantly different; At the G-217A site, no obvious differences were found in the GG, AG and AA genotypes (P=0.722) and G and A alleles (P=0.403, OR=0.80). ② The risk of essential hypertension in the individuals carrying AA genotype of A-6G polymorphism and CC genotype of T174M polymorphism was reduced by 57% (95%CI= 0.23-0.82, P= 0.010) and 56% (95%CI= 0.25-0.79, P= 0.006) respectively. ③ There were no significant differences in the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure among different genotypes at the A-6G, T174M sites and G-217A sites (F=0.100- 2.911, P ＞ 0.05). CONCLUSION: The AA genope at A-6G and the CC genotype at T174M site of AGT gene may reduce the risk for the attack of essential hypertension in Chinese Hun population, and no significant correlation was found between the genotype of G-217A polymorphism and the attack of essential hypertension.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) on the treatment of children with hematologic malignancies and nonmalignancies, between August 2001 and June 2004, 32 patients were transplanted by using unrelated umbilical cord blood supplied by Shandong Umbilical Cord Blood Bank. Out of them, 13 patients suffered from ALL, 9 from AML, 3 from AA, 3 from HAL, 2 from CML and 2 from NHL. The median age was 8 years (range 2-15), the median weight was 31.5 kg (range 14-55). All patients received ablative conditioning regiment according to the disease and the disease status. Conditioning regiments Cy/TBI were used for 4 patients and Bu/Cy for 21 patients, other for 7 patients. All patients received cyclosporin A and/or methotrexate for GVHD prophylaxis. The mean number of infused nuclear cells were 5.57 (2.16-12.3) x 10(7)/kg, CD34+ cells 1.78 (0.85-5.59) x 10(5). All of UCB units were tested for HLA-A, -B, and DRB1 using low and high resolution techniques. There were HLA-matched in 10, 5/6 in 16 and 4/6 in 6. The results showed that 20 out of 32 patients achieved complete engraftment. Median time of neutrophil > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L, and platelet > or = 20 x 10(9)/L were 17 (9-38) and 42 (18-102) days respectively. The incidence of aGVHD II-IV and aGVHD III-IV were 35% and 15% respectively. After a median follow-up of 18 months (1.5-28.5), overall survival rate at one year was 59.4%, overall survival rate at two years was 40.6%. It is suggested that UCBT is promising for children patients who is lack of matched bone marrow donors.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation Conditioning

The purpose of this study is to explore depression metabolic markers in rat hippocampus and to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabonomics. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was conducted to establish the depressive rat model. At the beginning of the third week, genipin low dose (25 mg x kg(-1)), middle dose (50 mg x kg(-1)), high dose (100 mg x kg(-1)), and venlafaxine (50 mg x kg(-1)) were given to the CUMS rats separately once daily for two weeks except control and model groups. Rat hippocampus was analyzed by 1H NMR based metabonomics after drug administration for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of rat hippocampus of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed with metabolic effects of CUMS including decreasing in glycine and N-acetylaspartate, increasing in inositol, glutamate, lactate, glutamine, taurine and alanine. Genipin showed ideal antidepressive effects at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) in rats, decrease of inositol, glutamate, lactate, alanine were observed, while glycine and N-acetylaspartate were increased. Important influence has been found on normal nervous system function of these significant changed metabolites, which suggests that the antidepressant effect of genipin may be played by enhancing the activity of neurons in hippocampus, repairing and improving the function of the neuron. The metabonomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the anti-depressant effect and pharmacologic mechanisms of genipin.
Alanine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Aspartic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Chronic Disease ; Depression ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Glutamic Acid ; metabolism ; Glycine ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Inositol ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To analyze the curative effect of minimally invasive incision combined with plate fixation for calcaneal fractures.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 30 cases(30 feet) of calcaneal fractures who were treated with minimal incision(sinus tarsi approach combined with posterior lateral incision) from August 2014 to August 2015.Minimally invasive incision combined with plate fixation were performed for the treatment.X-rays were taken in the regular follow-up,B(o)hler and Gissane angle as well as the complications were measured.The final curative effect was comprehensively assessed according to the ankle hind foot score of American Aryhopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS).Results All cases were followed up for an average of 14.5 months (from 12 to 16 months), and all fractures healed with no complication such as incision infection or poor healing.The average B(o)hler angle was improved from preoperative(13.42°±4.2°) to (29.3°±3.8°) at the last follow-up with a significant difference(t=-20.424,P=0.000),and the average Gissane angle was significantly improved from preoperative(97.8°±9.7°) to (123.6°±6.5°) at the last follow-up (t=-17.5,P=0.000).The outcomes were evaluated with AOFAS,resulting in an excellent and good rate of 83.3%.Conclusion Treatment of calcaneal fractures with minimal incision has the advantages of less trauma,lower incision complication rate,stronger reduction and fixation,which can achieve satisfactory outcomes.