Objective To investigate the effects of montelukast(MK),a selective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist on interleukin(IL)-5 and eotaxin expression as well as serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE) production during MK treatment of mouse acute asthma airway inflammation.Methods Sensitized Balb/c mice were challenged by ovabumin(OVA)to establish the acute asthmatic mo-(del).Twenty-five mg/kg of MK(MK group) or Saline(Saline group)were given by intravenously for 3 days.Cellular infiltration of bronchoalveolar larvage fluid(BALF) were assessed by Wright staining.Production of IL-5 and eotaxin in the lung or BALF and serum IgE were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of IL-5 and eotaxin mRNA were measured by semi-quantified reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Plasma MK level was determined by liquid chromatography.Results After 24 h OVA challenge,the numbers of total white blood cells,neutrophils and eosinophils(EOS)of BALF were(26.0?18.9)?10~7/L,(5.92?8.09)?10~7/L and(0.74?0.88)?10~7/L in MK treatment group.They were significantly reduced compared with those in Saline group,respectively(P80%.The level of IL-5 in BALF and lung tissue were(48.52?14.45) ng/L and(27.40?9.62) ng/g protein in MK group,which significantly declined compared with that in saline group;BALF eotaxin level declined too.Serum IL-5 and total IgE level were also significantly reduced;IL-5 mRNA expression in lung significantly decreased.Eotaxin and its mRNA expression in lung were not decreased significantly.Conclusion MK(exerts) its anti-inflammatory effect mainly through the suppression of IL-5 and IgE production.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of anticoagulation complication,heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT),induced by low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) after joint replacement.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations,treatment and prognosis of 4 patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) suffered from HIT induced by LMWH.Results The morbidity rate of HIT induced by LMWH was 0.3％(4/1376).Platelets were found less than 70 × 109/L after 4-9 d,minimum to 16 × 109/L.Different level of cardiorespiratory distress and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis all appeared.Once diagnosed,patients were immediately stopped using LMWH and replaced with argatroban,fondaparinux or rivaroxaban and warfarin.Deep vein thrombosis gradually disappeared and cured in 3 patients after treatment.One patient suffered cerebral hemorrhage and multiple pulmonary embolism,received craniotomy hematoma removal and decompressive craniectomy.But the patient didn't wake up after 1-month treatment,became a vegetative one.Conclusions HIT is rare but dangerous,which can result in deep vein thrombosis,pulmonary embolism,cerebral hemorrhage and other serious consequences.Early diagnosis and timely treatment can reduce the rate of disability and mortality.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of integrative traditional Chinese and Western medicine on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOC).

METHODSSixty-three patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome were randomly allocated into 2 groups, 31 patients orally administered with diane-35 in the Western medicine group (WMG) and 32 patients treated with conventional controlled medicine plus modified Yougui Pill in the integrative medicine group (IMG). Changes of relevant hormones and clinical syndromes in patients were detected before treatment, after 3 cyclic treatment and at the 6th cycle after treatment.

RESULTSThe levels of relevant hormones and the indexes of B-ultrasonic were obviously improved after treatment in the two groups. But 6 cycles after treatment, these changes restored to the baseline as those before treatment in WMG, while maintained in IMG (P < 0.01). What's more, the normalization of menstruation, ovulation and pregnancy rate in IMG were significantly higher than those in WMG (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONDiane-35 combined with modified yougui pill in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome not only shows marked short-term effect, but could consolidate the curative effect.

Adult ; Androgen Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Cyproterone Acetate ; therapeutic use ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Ethinyl Estradiol ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Tablets

Objective To investigate the endoscopic findings and treatment of gastrointestinal neu-roendocrine neoplasms.Methods Endoscopic manifestation and treatment were analyzed retrospectively in 72 patients who were diagnosed as having gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms by endoscopy and pathol-ogy from May 2011 to December 2014.Results In 72 patients of gastrointestinal NEN,rectum was most commonly involved (48 patients,66.7%),followed by the stomach (16 patients,22.2%),duodenum, esophagus and the ileocecal valve.There were certain features in rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms under endoscopy,mostly manifested by submucosal tumors.But gastric,esophageal,and small intestine NEN man-ifestations showed various forms,without specific typical features,and easy to be misdiagnosed.Some patients diagnosed as having NEN G1 or G2 underwent EMR,ESD or laparoscopy combined with endoscopy resection.Patients diagnosed as having NEN G2 or neuroendocrine carcinoma by pathology received surgical resection,chemotherapy or palliative treatment.All 50 patients underwent endoscopic treatment successful-ly.Perforation occurred in one duodenal bulbar G1 patient during ESD.No bleeding occurred during and after the operation.All patients after treatment were followed up for 15.6 +13.2 months on average with no recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion Manifestations of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms vary under endoscopy.Some tumors that locate in mucosa or submucosa with diameter less than 1cm can be resec-ted through EMR or ESD.

OBJECTIVE Dynamics of serum and urine metabolites in hepatic injury rats induced by ethanolic extract from Rhizoma Dioscoreae Bulbiferae(RDB)was investigated by 1H-NMR-based metabo?nomic methods in order to discover early biomarkers of liver toxicity induced by RDB. METHODS Rats were ig adminisetred with RDB at a dose of 5 g·kg-1 for 28 d. Rats were sacrificed 3,7,14 and 28 d af?ter RDB administration,as well as after a recovery period,respectively. Blood was taken for routine bio?chemical analysis by an automatic biochemical analyzer. Liver/body mass indexes were calculated ,and liver pathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Urine samples were collected before and 3,7,14 and 28 d after RDB administration,respectively,as well as after withdrawal. Metabo?nomic analysis was carried out for serum and urine samples. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used for screening and identifiying early biomarkers. RESULTS Compared with the control group,total bilirubin (TB) and total cholesterol (TC) values were increased in 3-28 d in RDB group(P<0.05,P<0.01). Total bile acid(TBA)was elevated in 7-28 d (P<0.05,P<0.01). TB,TC and TBA became normal after discontinuation with RDB. There was no significant difference between RBD-treated group and control group in the activity of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase,and the content of glucose also was not different between the two groups. The ratio of liver/body mass was elevated at 3-28 d(P<0.01)but returned to normal after withdraval of RDB. The enlargement and necrosis of hepatocytes were observed 7 d after RDB administration,and lesion degree was aggravated with the extension of RDB delivery time. Meta?bonomic analysis showed that the serum lipids (low density lipoprotein/very low density lipoprotein (LDL/VLDL),glutamic acid,choline phosphate and glycerolphosphatecholine were increased in the early stage. Pyruvate and N-acetylglutamate were decreased in urine. These metabolites became normal 7 d after discontinuation with RDB. CONCLUSION The serum lipids (LDL/VLDL),glutamic acid,glycerol phosphate choline,as well as urine pyruvic acid salt and N-acetyl glutamate may be used as the early biomarkers for liver toxicity induced by RDB.

Chemical constituents of Inula japonica were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatographies, over silica gel, and Toyopearl HW-40, and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectral data analysis, including NMR and MS data, the structures of the isolates were elucidated and their anti-inflammatory activities were assayed. Fifteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of I. japonica, and their structures were elucidated as dihydrosyringenin (1), (3S, 5R, 6S, 7E)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (2), (6R, 7E) -9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one (3), arnidiol (4), taraxasterol acetate (5), 8,9,10-trihydroxythymol (6), taxifolin (7), luteolin (8), napetin (9), eupatin (10), spinacetin (11), quercetin (12), p-hydroxycinnamic acid (13), caffeic acid (14), and caffeoyl acetate (15). Compounds 1, 2, 7, 13 and 15 were isolated from the genus Inula for the first time, and compounds 3, 4, 9-11 and 14 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity result showed that compounds 3, 6-12 and 14 exhibited inhibition effect against leukotriene C4 (LTC4) synthesis and degranulation definitely in c-Kit Ligand (KL) induced mast cells, and compound 8 and 12 also had the suppression effect against lipopolysacharide(LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) activity in RAW264.7 macrophages. It is firstly reported that compounds 7 and 9-11 possessed potent inhibition activities against LTC4 generation and degranulation in mast cells.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Inula ; chemistry ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; Mast Cells ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Drug Industry ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Ventilation

A cDNA sequence of Arnebia euchroma AP2/ERF named AeAP2/ERF was cloned by in silico cloning in this study, using ACX71873 sequence from Lithospermum erythrorhizon as the probe sequence. Some characters of the AP2/ERF gene and encoded protein sequences were predicted and analyzed by the bioinformatics methods, including general physical and chemical properties, hydrophobieity, signal peptide, secondary structure, localization sites in cells. Results showed that the 876 bp long gene included a 1 077 bp ORF and encoding 205 amino acid. The AeAP2/ERF protein had no signal peptide, it was a hydrophilic proteins located in nucleus. The function of the AP2/ERF protein was mainly involved with metabolism controlling and signal transduction.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Boraginaceae ; classification ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transcription Factors ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective To explore the peripheral blood circulating microRNA expression profile of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients by using microRNA array. Methods The whole blood of 3 patients with acute ischemic stroke, 3 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and 3 healthy volunteers were collected for whole blood RNA through Norgen exosome isolation kit, and then underwent quality and density measurement through PCR. The miRNAs expression profile was studied through μParaflorTM microRNA. All the data were analyzed by associated software and statistics methods. Results 8 miRNAs associated with cerebral stroke in ischemia stroke patients and cerebral hemorrhage patients were discovered, and showed significant difference (P<0.05). 11 differential expression miRNAs were found between ischemia stroke patients and control group, and 24 were found between hemorrhage patients and control group. However, after up-regulation, no significant difference was found (P > 0.05). Conclusions Different expression profiles of miRNA between ischemic stroke patients and hemorrhagic stroke patients may provide insights into their roles in the pathogenesis and progression of stroke. The study of miRNA can contributes to elucidate the epigenetics molecular mechanism of acute stroke.

San'ao Decoction (SD) and its analogous formulas derived in the following generations are common used prescriptions for treating pulmonary diseases with principal symptoms such as cough and asthma. They are usually compatible with Chinese herbs for facilitating Fei, dispelling wind, resolving phlegm and fluid retention. Material bases in these formulas are mainly derived from Chinese drugs, but dissolution contents of active components are changed and new components are produced after compatibility. By multilevel effect evaluation, these analogous formulas all have commonness in ventilating Fei and superiorities of evidence-based derivation. The effect pathway of commonness was involved in cell structure protection, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and immunoregulation.
Asthma ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional