Objective:To determine the residual formaldehyde fumigation on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments by AHMT method. Methods:The reaction time of AHMT was controlled in 20 min, the solution with sodium periodate was then shaken for 30 seconds and stood for 30 seconds, and then the absorbance at 550 nm was measured. Results: The linear range of formaldehyde was 0. 250~2. 495 μg·ml-1. The recovery of formaldehyde on glass plate, color steel plate and stainless steel plate was (83. 42 ± 1. 48)%(n=3), (83. 63 ± 1. 94)%(n=3)and (83. 94 ± 2. 28)%(n=3), respectively. Conclusion:The method is proved to be convenient and accurate, and is suitable for the determination of formaldehyde on the surface of pharmaceutical equipments.

Objective To study the clinical value of capsule endoscopy for small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.Methods Clinical data of 61 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent capsule endoscopy from February 2007 to April 2014 was respectively analyzed.The positive diagnostic results and safety were observed.Results Of 61 patients,the CE procedures were completed successfully in 58 patients,and failed in 3 patients because of the gastric stasis.Forty-one positive lesions were found in small intestine,and the detection rate was 70.69％.Positive findings included angiodysplasias,Crohn' s disease,Meckel diverticula,ulcer,P-J syndrome,protrusion lesion and enteritis,etc.Finally,29 patients were confirmed (50％),3 (5.17％) were misdiagnosed and 1 (1.72％) was missed.Twenty-two patients underwent other small bowel examinations besides the capsule endoscopy.And the accuracy of capsule endoscopy was 81.82％.All capsules were successfully swallowed by the patients and evacuated within two weeks.No complications such as capsule retention or intestinal obstruction occurred.Conclusion Capsule endoscopy is a safe and well tolerated procedure with high diagnostic rate,which has a prospective clinical value in small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Adult ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ; genetics

Objective To analyze the expression of dystrophin associated glycoprotein complex (DGC) in Duchnne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in different age groups. Methods The confirmed 24 DMD patients were divided into 3 groups according to their chronological age (children whose age between 1 to 3 were assigned to early childhood group; children whose age between 3 to 6 were assigned to preschool group; children whose age between 6 to 13 were assigned to school-age group). Several proteins from sarcolemmal muscle membrane were analyzed by immunohistocbemistry. Results The primary loss of dystrophin may lead to a secondary or completely deficiency of α-SG, β-SG, γ-SG,δ-SG, β-DG and dysferlin from sarcolemmal muscle membrane in different age groups. The expression of nNOS is completely deficient in the 3 groups, while the expression of caveolin-3 increased. Conclusions The expression of dystrophin related DGC proteins from DMD patients in different age groups showed diversed degrees of deficiency or complete deficiency. The deficiency of these proteins may occur during the embryonic period, while the increased expression of eaveolin-3 may have a relation with the regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers.

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic mechanism of Zhizhu Pill (ZP) for treating functional dyspepsia (FD) rats.

METHODSTotally 30 ten-day-old male rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n =10) and the model group (n = 20). The FD rat model was induced using gastric administration of 0.1% iodoacetamide (IA) combined tail clamping. The model was evaluated when rats were 8-week old. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group (n = 10) and the ZP group (n = 10). Rats in the normal group and the model group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage, while those in the ZP group were administered with ZP Decoction (2 mL/100 g) by gastrogavage. All medication lasted for 7 successive days. The contractile activity in in vitro longitudinal gastric muscle was recorded using Power Lab biological signal collecting system. The expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in stomach of FD rats was detected using Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR decreased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously increased in the ZP group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR increased in the ZP group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZP could promote the gastric motility in FD rats induced by gastric administration of IA combined tail clamping, and its mechanism might be related to up-regulating GHSR protein level.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Dyspepsia ; drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Receptors, Ghrelin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of Shexiang Injection (SI) on inflammatory reaction in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI).

METHODSForty-two patients with ACI were randomly divided into two groups, 21 in each group. The control group treated with conventional therapy and the SI group treated with conventional therapy plus SI. Besides, 21 healthy people were arranged in the normal group for control. Expression of CD54 of mononuclear cell (MC-CD54) and serum level of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) were determined and the clinical efficacy was observed dynamically before treatment and on the 7th, 14th day of the course.

RESULTSLevels of MC-CD54 expression and sVCAM-1 in the ACI patients increased obviously (P < 0.01), reached the peak on the 7th day, and declined obviously on the 14th day in both groups, however, the lowering in the SI group was more significant than that in the control group (P < 0.01); and positive correlation was shown between these two indexes (P < 0.01). After treatment, score of neural defect was improved more significantly (P < 0.01), and the markedly effective and curative rate was higher in the SI group than those in the control group (P < 0.05), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSI could inhibit the subsequent inflammatory reaction, and thus improve the clinical efficacy of conventional therapy in treating patients with ACI.

Aged ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnostic value of MRI in radial head fracture with forearm interosseous membrane injuries.

METHODSFrom December 2011 to December 2012,26 patients with fractures of capitulum radial in our hospital were collected. There were 15 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 21 to 53 years old,with an average of 37.6 years old. All the patients visited hospital within 72 hours after injuries. X-ray radiography of full ulnar radial length in injured side, CT in injured side (three-dimensional reconstruction if necessary) and MRI (including the elbow and wrist joints) were performed within a week after the injury. The MRI manifestations of the forearm interosseous membrane (with or without damage, the injured location and the injury degree ) and the fractures degree of radial head were observed and compared for the relativity.

RESULTSRadial head fracture from Mason type I to III was associated with the forearm interosseous membrane injury. Radial head fracture degree was positive correlated with forearm interosseous membrane injury degree (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRadial head fracture with suspicious forearm interosseous membrane injury is necessary to take MRI for checking for any interosseous membrane injury and injury degree, then choose the right treatment for radial capitulum fracture, only in this way can be helpful for the functional recovery of elbow and forearm.

Adult ; Female ; Forearm ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Membranes ; injuries ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of neoadjuvant regional arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 158 patients with advanced gastric cancer and with the same clinical stages who were admitted to Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University from February 2002 to May 2005 were retrospectively analysed. Preoperative regional arterial chemotherapy was applied to 76 patients (test group) and the remaining 82 patients only received surgical treatment (control group). The chemotherapy regimen was epirubicin (50 mg/m2) + cisplatin (60 mg/m2) + 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2).This regimen was modified to oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2) + 5-fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2) since 2003, and surgery was performed 6-11 days after the chemotherapy. All patients received postoperative intravenous chemotherapy.The clinical effects, radical resection rate, operative complications and long-term survival of the two treatment methods were evaluated. All data were analysed using the chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results The radical resection rate was significantly higher at 86% (65/76) in the test group compared with 71% (58/82)in the control group ( x2 = 5.01, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The toxicity of the chemotherapy in the test group was mild. The postoperative complication rate was 20% (15/76) in the test group and 16% (13/82) in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (x2 = 0.41, P＞0.05). The median survival time was 41 months in the test group and 23 months in the control group. The 5-year overall survival rate was higher in the test group (44.6%) than that in the control group (29.1%) (x2 =3.95, P＜0. 05). Conclusions Neoadjuvant regional arterial chemotherapy is well tolerated by patients with advanced gastric cancer. It is also effective for increasing the radical resection rate and improving the long-term survival.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) patients treated with imatinib (IM) and interferon (IFN)-α.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty five CML patients at chronic phase were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups according to treatment regimen: IM + IFN group and IM group. Complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) rate, major molecular response (MMR) rate, complete molecular response (CMR) rate, overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were observed and compared in both groups.

RESULTSThe CCyR rate was higher in the IM + IFN group than that in the IM group at 6 months (60.6% vs 41.6%, P < 0.05), but no difference was observed later on. The MMR + CMR rate was higher in the IM + IFN group than that in the IM group at 6 months and 12 months (71.2% vs 34.8%, 77.3% vs 52.8%, respectively, P < 0.05), but no difference after that. After stratification according to Sokal risk, the CCyR rate of low- and intermediate-risk patients was higher in the IM + IFN group than that in the IM group at 6 months (77.8% vs 52.6%, 75.0% vs 46.7%, P < 0.05), but not from 12 months on; the MMR + CMR rate of low- and intermediate-risk patients was higher in the IM + IFN group than that in the IM group at 6 months and 12 months (85.2% vs 36.8%, 90.0% vs 36.7%, P < 0.05; 88.9% vs 57.9%, 90.0% vs 56.7%, P < 0.05), but not from 24 months on. There was no significant difference in high-risk patients. OS in IM and IM + IFN group at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months was 100%, 100%, 96.8% and 90.0%, and 100%, 100%, 97.9% and 93.1%, respectively. PFS in IM and IM + IFN group at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months was 97.8%, 95.5%, 91.9% and 85.5%, and 98.5%, 95.5%, 91.5% and 86.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in OS (u = 0.427, P = 0.514) or PFS (u = 0.556, P = 0.456). The side effects in both groups included pancytopenia, edema, weight gain, ostalgia, rash and muscle spasm. In addition, patients in the IM + IFN group suffered from flu-like symptoms, impaired liver function, abnormal thyroid function and extremity sensory disturbance. It seemed that grade III or IV pancytopenia occurred more commonly in the patients in the IM + IFN group, however, there was no statistically significance.

CONCLUSIONSThe response to IM + IFN is more rapid than that to IM alone, especially for the low- and intermediate-risk patients. It seems no benefit of the addition of IFN to treatment of high-risk patients. During the period of 36 months, survival rate in the IM + IFN group is not higher than that in IM group, and it is possible to increase the side effects of pharmaceutical drugs.

Adult ; Aged ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the role of increased microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the development of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis secondary to aristolochic acid induced acute kidney injury.Methods C57BL/6J male mice were intraperitoneally injected with aristolochic acid at a dose of 10 mg/kg.Blood samples and kidneys were harvested at day 1,3,7,14,28 after aristolochic acid treatment.To assess the role of miR-21 in aristolochic acid induced acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease progression,mice were intravenously injected with anti-miR-21 or anti-scramble (10 mg/kg) at 1 h before aristolochic acid dosing,as well as d5 and d10 after aristolochic acid dosing.Results Increased serum creatinine and severe kidney injury were found at d3 after aristolochic acid treatment.Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis was developed at d14 after aristolochic acid treatment.Protein expression of α-SMA,vimentin and collagen Ⅰ were significantly up-regulated at d7 and peaked at d14 (P ＜ 0.01),while protein abundance of E-Cadherin decreased at d14 and lasted until d28 (P ＜ 0.01).The abundance of miR-21 increased at d7 after aristolochic acid dosing,peaking at d14 and thereafter maintaining at a high level.Anti-miR-21 intervention relieved renal injury with reduced serum creatinine (P ＜ 0.05) and attenuation of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Besides,the protein expression of α-SMA,vimentin,and collagen Ⅰ/Ⅳ was all down-regulated after anti-miR-21 treatment (P ＜ 0.05).PTEN was up-regulated and the ratio of its downstream genes p-AKT/AKT was decreased.(P ＜ 0.05) Conclusions A single high dose of aristolochic acid leads to acute kidney injury and the development of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis secondary to AKI.Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis could be partially reversed by inhibiting miR-21 via PTEN/p-AKT pathway.