Methyltransferase is an important metabolic enzyme whose main function is to catalyze the methylation of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms. It plays an important role in the metabolism of exogenous and exogenous compounds, including drugs in vivo. Methyltransferases are widely distributed in different tissues, with the liver and kidneys being the most abundant. In addition, the structure and activity of the enzyme have certain species and individual differences. This article will describe the biological properties of methyltransferases and their role in drug metabolism.

The effects of ketotifen, cimetidine & erythromycin on thebphy-lline pharmacokinetics in rabbits were studied. The results suggested that the elimination half-life of theophylline decresed from 2.74 ? 0.75 to 2.33 ? 0.56 h & the clearance of theophylline increased from 0.15?0.036 to 0.13 ? 0.047 1/kg?h-1 by ketotifen.The elimination half-life of theophylline increased from 2 .08 ? 0.33 to 2.6l?0.45 h & the clearance decreased from 0.2l?0.03 to 0.16?0.03 1/kg?h-1 by cimetidine.The elimination half-life of theophylline increased from 2.39 ? 0.43 to 3.54?0.89 h & the clearance decreased from 0.15?0.03 to 0.12?0.03 1/kg?h-1 by erythromycin.

Corneal endothelial cell(CEC)is the most critical part for the cornea, of which activity can influence the postoperative vision.It is very important for the clinical cornea preservation considering the function and its self-purification of donor cornea.There are a variety of classical methods, which can significantly prolong the saving time of donor cornea with its good quality of CEC.We reviewed the published papers about present preservation methods of cornea, which can give us many suggestions for the clinical cornea preservation.

BackgroundThe effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on public health have attracted wide attentions.The association of the thermal effect of ELF-EMFs with cancer and ocular tissue damage has been of concern.However,the pathological changes of scleral tissue after exposure to ELF-EMFs as well as the relationship between these changes and myopia are still poorly understood.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the molecular pathological changes of human fetal scleral fibroblasts (HFSFs) after exposure to ELF-EMFs in vitro and to explore the possible mechanism in the occurrence and development of myopia.MethodsHFSFs were cultured and passaged and then exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields,and HFSFs that did not receive the irradiation of ELF-EMFs were used as the control group.The expression of collagen type Ⅰ (COL1A1 ) mRNA and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) mRNA in cultured HFSFs were detected by real-time qualitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) under different magnetic field intensites (0,0.1,0.2,0.5,1.0 mT) and different exposure time (0,6,12,24,36,48 hours).Cell proliferation assay of HFSFs was detected by the cell counting kit 8 ( CCK8 ) assay.The expression levels of COL1 A1 and MMP-2 proteins in HFSFs were further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining.Results The expression of COL1A1 mRNA was significantly down-regulated under the exposure of 0.2 mT ELF-EMFs for 6 hours,in comparison with the control group;moreover,it decreased in parallel with the increased of flux density (0.099±0.008 vs.0.050±0.004) (P =0.009 ).The expression of MMP-2mRNA was up-regulated conspicuously after exposure to 0.1 mT ELF-EMFs for 24 hours,and it increased with exposure time in comparison with the control group ( 0.009 ±0.001 vs.0.018±0.003 ) ( P =0.038 ).Proliferation of HFSFs (A450) was inhibited following the exposure to 0.2 mT ELF-EMFs for 24 hours in comparison with the control group (P =0.009 ).The expression of COL1 A1 in the experimental group was decreased,compared with the control group,but the expression of MMP-2 was increased.ConclusionsELF-EMFs inhibit the proliferation of HFSFs and expression of COL1 A1 in HFSFs,which might be one of the reasons for the development of myopia.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Morphine Dependence ; metabolism ; Neurotrophin 3 ; metabolism ; Prosencephalon ; metabolism

Biliary stent has been utilized in the patients of benign and malignant biliary strictures and biliary fistula who are unsuitable or unwilling to operate.Its short-term curative effect is distinct,while the long-term effect is relatively poor,because the long-term application is affected by stent blocking and biliary ducts restenosis.Therefore,the research and development of new biliary stents,such as biodegradable stent and covered stent,are the main trend of the current development,which will be of profound significance for the biliary tract disease.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF) by systematic review. Methods From September 2005 to March 2009,46 cases of fresh OVCF were treated. Patients were divided into 2 groups (A, B), according to Jikei grade, Genant semiquantitative method, injury vertebra number. Twenty-five cases(group A)were treated by PVP,8 males and 17 females with the age of 52 - 78 years (average 69). Vertebra segment of fracture was within T6 - L5 (14 in case thoracical vertebrae and 11 lumbar vertebrae). Twenty-one cases(group B)were treated by PKP,There were 6 males and 15 females with the age of 54 - 82 years (average 71). Vertebra segment of fracture was within T6 - L4 (12 in case thoracical vertebrae and 9 lumbar vertebrae). The clinical efficacy, incidence rate of complication, the anterior height of vertebrae body,visual analogue pain scale(VAS) ,ease of pain were measured preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months and 1 year postoperatively between the two groups. Results All the patients were followed up for 12 -45 months with an average of 23.5 months. The average recovery of anterior height of vertebrae body was respectively(85.95 ± 4.31) % in group A and (93.64 ± 3.35) % in group B,which statistically difference in vertebral height between two groups (P ＜ 0.05). No statistical significant difference was seen in VAS, analgesic durg (AID) and ease of pain complication between two groups (P ＞0. 05). Statistical significant difference was noted in pre-postoperatively between intra-two groups (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions PVP and PKP can quickly relieve pain and enhance vertebral stability in treating thoracolumbar OVCF according to evaluation parameter, and have the similar therapeutic efficacy in treatment of OVCF with minimal invasion. However, PKP is superior in the recovery of vertebral height.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of dendritic cells modified by sCD41)gene on T lymphocytes phenotypes and cytokines production and the mechanism of inducing donor-specific immune tolerance in vitro.Methods T lymphocytes prepared with Nylon Fiber Column from Balb/c mice(as reaction cells)and DCs of different groups(as stimulation cells)were subjected to primary mixed lymphocyte culture(MLC).After incubation for 7 days,the responsiveness of the cells was de- tected by MTS method at the indicated time points,and supernatants were assayed for IFN-?,IL-2, IL-4,IL-10 by ELISA kits.On the day 5,the cultured cells were assessed for the expression of CD4, CDS,CD25 and CD69 by using flow cytometry(FCM).After secondary MLC for 5 days,the same indexes were assayed hy using the same methods.Results Dendritic cells modified by sCD40 could in- duce the hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen in primary and secondary MLC.In primary MLC,the ex- pression of CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells and CD4~+ CD25~+,CD8~+ CD25~+,CD4~+ CD69~+,CD8~+ CD69~+ T cells in IX;modified by sCD40 group were less than those in control group(P

Objective: To modify EBP(endotoxin binding peptide), clone and express the mutate of EBP gene and gain purified mEBP.Method: mEBPgene was cloned by PCR site-directed mutagenesis. PinpointXa-3/mEBP expression vector was designed to express human mEBP as a fusion protein in BL21 (DE3) pLysS. Digested engineering bacteria by lysozyme and collected inclusion bodies.Fusion protein was purified by Pinpoint TM Xa purification system and cleaved by factorXa,mEBP was purified by RP-HPLC. Results: Mutations at residues 5 and 18(Gln→Lys) was obtained by PCR site-directed mutagenesis, expressed and purified mEBP successfully.Conclusions: Obtaining of purified mEBP lay a foundation for its biological activity research.

BACKGROUND:Fibrin glue is a natural biodegradable scaffold, which can be used for tissue-engineered scaffolds, and is increasingly used as seed cel carrier for tissue engineering repair. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biocompatibility in vitro of rabbit fascia fibroblasts and fibrin glue. METHODS:Tissue explants adherent method was used to culture fibroblasts from subcutaneous deep fascia tissue of New Zealand white rabbits. The fibroblasts could be passaged with trypsin digestion method. Suspension of passage four fibroblasts was co-cultured with fibrin glue. Morphology and proliferation of fibroblasts on the surface of fibrin glue were dynamical y observed under the inverted phase contrast microscope. At 5 days after co-culture, fibroblasts were identified by immunofluorescence staining under the laser scanning confocal microscope. The fibroblast growth and adhesion were observed under the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no significant difference in fibroblast morphology between co-culture fibroblasts and pure culture fibroblasts with inverted phase contrast microscope. Scanning electron microscope demonstrated that fibroblasts ful y extended in fibrin glue surface, and showed a good adhesion between the“pseudopodium”and fibrin glue, and secreted matrix material. It is clear that the fibrin glue did not alter the morphologic features of fibroblasts. Laser scanning confocal microscope revealed that fibroblasts were positive for vimentin. These verified that properties of fibroblasts did not change after they were seeded in fibrin glue surface and did not be induced to differentiate. There is a very good biocompatibility between fascia fibroblasts and fibrin glue in vitro.