Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hyperbaric oxygen caused pulmonary oxygen toxicity.Methods Mice were divided into the control group that was exposed to normal air,and hyperbaric oxygen exposure groups treated with phosphate buffer saline(PBS)or exosomes,respectively.PBS and exosome treatment were given one day prior to exposure.Mice were subjected to 0.23 MPa pure oxygen for 8 hours.The lung wet-dry ratio,inflammation,exudation and pathological injury were analyzed,while cell death and antioxidant related molecules were detected.Results Pretreatment with exosome significantly attenuated lung injury caused by hyperbaric oxygen exposure by decreasing the lung wet-dry ratio,inflammation,and cell apoptosis.Conclusion Prophylactic administration of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate hyperbaric oxygen induced pulmonary oxygen poisoning by attenuating cell death and inflammation.

Objective To study the anti-reflux effect of conical gastric stump embedding in radical resection of esophageal cancer.Methods A total of 60 patients who planned to undergo radical resection of esophageal cancer in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects,and the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.Patients in both groups underwent laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer and esophagogastric end-to-side mechanical anastomosis.The observation group adopted the conical gastric stump embedding technique after esophagogastric end-to-side mechanical anastomosis.The perioperative related indexes,postoperative complications and gastroesophageal reflux of patients in the two groups were compared.The postoperative anti-reflux effect was evaluated by reflux disease questionnaire(RDQ)score and 24-hour intraesophageal pH monitoring.Results The operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time of patients in the observation group were longer than those in the control group(P<0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of intraoperative bleeding,the number of lymph node dissection,the first exhaust time,or the postoperative hospital stay of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P>0.05).The severity of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux of patients in the observation group was lighter than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The RDQ score,24-hour reflux frequency,>5 minutes reflux frequency,pH<4 time,and longest reflux time of patients in the observation group was significantly lower/less/shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The conical gastric stump embedding technique is safe and feasible in the radical resection of esophageal cancer.Although the operation time and digestive tract reconstruction time are slightly prolonged,it does not increase the perioperative risks,which can significantly reduce the occurrence and severity of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux of patients,and achieve a good anti-reflux effect.

Background: and Purpose Intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) efficacy has not been well demonstrated in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours after onset. This study aimed to determine the effect of intravenous TNK for AIS within 4.5 to 24 hours of onset. Methods: In this pilot trial, eligible AIS patients with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) mismatch were randomly allocated to intravenous TNK (0.25 mg/kg) or standard care within 4.5–24 hours of onset. The primary endpoint was excellent functional outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0–1). The primary safety endpoint was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Results: Of the randomly assigned 80 patients, the primary endpoint occurred in 52.5% (21/40) of TNK group and 50.0% (20/40) of control group, with no significant difference (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval 0.46–2.66; P=0.82). More early neurological improvement occurred in TNK group than in control group (11 vs. 3, P=0.03), but no significant differences were found in other secondary endpoints, such as mRS 0–2 at 90 days, shift analysis of mRS at 90 days, and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours and 7 days. There were no cases of sICH in this trial; however, asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 3 of the 40 patients (7.5%) in the TNK group. Conclusion This phase 2, randomized, multicenter study suggests that intravenous TNK within 4.5–24 hours of onset may be safe and feasible in AIS patients with a DWI-FLAIR mismatch.

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) in children. Methods: The clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, genetic testing and follow-up of 10 children with TRAPS from May 2011 to May 2021 in 6 hospitals in China were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 10 patients with TRAPS, including 8 boys and 2 girls. The age of onset was 2 (1, 5) years, the age of diagnosis was (8±4) years, and the time from onset to diagnosis was 3 (1, 7) years. A total of 7 types of TNFRSF1A gene variants were detected, including 5 paternal variations, 1 maternal variation and 4 de novo variations. Six children had a family history of related diseases. Clinical manifestations included recurrent fever in 10 cases, rash in 4 cases, abdominal pain in 6 cases, joint involvement in 6 cases, periorbital edema in 1 case, and myalgia in 4 cases. Two patients had hematological system involvement. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were significantly increased in 10 cases. All patients were negative for autoantibodies. In the course of treatment, 5 cases were treated with glucocorticoids, 7 cases with immunosuppressants, and 7 cases with biological agents. Conclusions: TRAPS is clinically characterized by recurrent fever accompanied by joint, gastrointestinal, skin, and muscle involvement. Inflammatory markers are elevated, and autoantibodies are mostly negative. Treatment mainly involves glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and biological agents.
Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies ; Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases/drug therapy* ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Biological Factors/therapeutic use* ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use* ; Autoantibodies ; Familial Mediterranean Fever/diagnosis* ; Mutation

A comprehensive analytical method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole/linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry(UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established for simultaneous determination of the content of 45 bioactive constituents including flavonoids, alkaloids, amino acids, phenolic acids, and nucleosides in Epimedium brevicornum. The multiple bioactive constituents in leaves, petioles, stems and rhizomes of E. brevicornum were analyzed. The gradient elution was performed at 30 ℃ in an XBridge~® C_(18) column(4.6 mm×100 mm, 3.5 μm) with 0.4% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min~(-1). Single factor experiment and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction conditions. Multivariate statistical analyses including systematic cluster analysis(SCA), principal component analysis(PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA), and one-way analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA) were carried out to classify the samples from different parts and identify different constituents. Grey relation analysis(GRA) and entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis were performed to build a multi-index comprehensive evaluation model for different parts of E. brevicornum. The results showed that there was a good relationship between the mass concentrations of 45 constituents and the corresponding peak areas, with the correlation coefficients(r) not less than 0.999 0. The precision, repeatability, and stability of the established method were good for all the target constituents in this study, with the relative standard deviations(RSDs) less than 5.0%(0.62%-4.9%) and the average recovery of 94.51%-105.7%. The above results indicated that the bioactive constituents varied in different parts of E. brevicornum, and the overall quality followed the trend of leaves > petioles > rhizomes > stems. This study verified the rationality of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition) stipulating that the medicinal part of E. brevicornum is the leaf. Moreover, our study indicated that the rhizome had the potential for medicinal development. The established method was accurate and reliable, which can be used to comprehensive evaluate and control the quality of E. brevicornum. This study provides data reference for clarifying the medicinal parts and rationally utilizing the resources of E. brevicornum.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Epimedium ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Multivariate Analysis

Objective: To explore the feasibility of moving epidemic method (MEM) in the assessment of seasonal influenza (influenza) activity intensity from the perspective of urban agglomeration, assess influenza activity intensity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2019 to 2021 and evaluate the reliability of surveillance data and the effectiveness of the MEM model application. Methods: The weekly reported incidence rate (IR) of influenza and the percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI%) from 2011-2021 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were collected to establish MEM models respectively. The model fitting effect and the reliability of the two data were evaluated for the purpose of establishing an optimal model to assess the influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2019-2021. A cross-validation procedure was used to evaluate the performance of the models by calculating the Youden's index, sensitivity and specificity. Results: The MEM model fitted with weekly ILI% had a higher Youden's index compared with the model fitted with weekly IR at both Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region level and provincial level. The MEM model based on ILI% showed that the epidemic threshold in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during 2019-2020 was 4.42%, the post-epidemic threshold was 4.66%, with medium, high and very high intensity thresholds as 5.38%, 7.22% and 7.84%, respectively. The influenza season during 2019-2020 had 10 weeks (week 50 of 2019 to week 7 of 2020). The influenza season started in week 50 of 2019, and the intensity fluctuated above and below medium epidemic level for six consecutive weeks. The high intensity was observed in week 4 of 2020, the threshold of very high intensity was excessed in week 5, and the intensity gradually declined and became lower than the threshold at the end of the influenza season in week 8. The epidemic threshold was 4.29% and the post-epidemic threshold was 4.35% during 2020-2021. Influenza activity level never excessed the epidemic threshold throughout the year, and no epidemic period emerged. Conclusions: The MEM model could be applied in the assessment of influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the use of ILI% to assess influenza activity intensity in this region was more reliable than IR data. Influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was higher during 2019-2020 but significantly lower in 2020-2021.
Humans ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology* ; Seasons ; Reproducibility of Results ; Epidemics ; China/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the decompensation effectiveness and alveolar bone remodeling of mandibular anterior teeth after preoperative orthodontic treatment in high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion using lateral cephalogram and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Thirty high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion who had received preoperative orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology between Ja-nuary 2017 and August 2022 and had taken lateral cephalogram and CBCT before and after preoperative orthodontic treatment were selected. Items were measured with lateral cephalogram including: The lower central incisor (L1)-Frankfort plane angle (L1-FH), the L1-mandibular plane angle (L1-MP), the L1-nasion-supramental angle (L1-NB) and the vertical distance from the incisal edge of lower central incisor to NB line (L1-NB distance), etc. The incidence of dehiscence/fenestration and the length of dehiscence at labial side (d-La) and lingual side (d-Li) were measured using CBCT. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the changes of d-Li of L1 and age, duration of preoperative orthodontic treatment and the cephalometric measurements before preoperative orthodontic treatment to screen out risk factors affecting the periodontal risk of preoperative orthodontic treatment in high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusions. RESULTS: After preoperative orthodontic treatment, L1-FH, L1-MP, L1-NB and L1-NB distances changed by 11.56°±5.62°, -11.13°±5.53°, -11.57°±5.43° and (-4.99±1.89) mm, respectively, and the differences were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the 180 measured mandibular anterior teeth, 45 cases with labial dehiscence/fenestration before preoperative orthodontic treatment (T0) had no longer labial dehiscence/fenestration after preope-rative orthodontic treatment (T1); 142 cases without lingual dehiscence/fenestration at T0 had lingual dehiscence/fenestration at T1. After preoperative orthodontic treatment, the d-La of lower lateral incisors (L2), lower canines (L3) and lower anterior teeth (L1+L2+L3) decreased by (0.95±2.22) mm, (1.20±3.23) mm and (0.68±2.50) mm, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); the d-Li of L1, L2, L3 and L1+L2+L3 increased by (4.43±1.94) mm, (4.53±2.35) mm, (3.19±2.80) mm and (4.05±2.46) mm, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The increase of d-Li of L1 was positively correlated with L1-FH (r=0.373, P=0.042). CONCLUSION This study showed that high-angle patients with skeletal class Ⅱ ma-locclusion could achieve ideal decompensation effect of mandibular anterior teeth after preoperative orthodontic treatment with bilateral mandibular first premolars extracted, but the lingual periodontal risk of mandibular anterior teeth was increased. This risk could be correlated to L1-FH before preoperative orthodontic treatment, which should be paid more attention in the design of orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/surgery* ; Facial Bones ; Incisor ; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Mandible

Objective:To understand the genetic characteristics of human adenovirus (HAdV) in severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases in Luohe city, Henan province, China.Methods:After viral isolation of HAdV-positive specimens identified in SARI cases from October 2017 to February 2019, the Loop2 region of the Hexon gene was amplified and determined to initially identify the virus type. Then, based on the preliminary screening result, the full length of the sequences of the three target genes (Penton base, Hexon and Fiber) of the viral strains were amplified using specific primers for each HAdV type, and phylogenetic and sequence homology analyses were performed with the prototype strains and the representative strains of the corresponding types at home and abroad to identify the types of viral strains and understand their genetic characteristics.Results:A total of 18 viral isolates were obtained from 27 HAdV-positive throat swab specimens from 783 SARI cases in Luohe city, Henan province, and the molecular typing result showed that these strains belonged to species B (HAdV-3, HAdV-7 and HAdV-55), species C (HAdV-1, P1H2F2, Px1/Ps3H5F5, P89H5F5 and HAdV-6) and species E (HAdV-4). Among them, the highest positive detection rate was found for species C HAdV-1 isolates (33.3%), followed by species B HAdV-3 (22.2%) and species C P1H2F2 (11.1%). The four HAdV strains in this study (HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-7 and HAdV-55) were characterized by significantly conserved and stable in time and space; while three patterns of genetic recombination (P1H2F2, Px1/Ps3H5F5 and P89H5F5) were identified for HAdV-C strains in this study, and their potential public health significance needed to be confirmed by further studies.Conclusions:The HAdV infection of SARI cases in Luohe city, Henan province during 2017-2019 was dominated by species C, followed by species B and species E. These data provided a scientific basis for the prevention and control of local adenovirus-associated infectious diseases.

ObjectiveTo compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of five classical prescriptions for acute attack of bronchial asthma （BA） and cough variant asthma （CVA） in children， and to further compare and assess the effect of them on cold-induced asthma or heat-induced asthma. MethodRandomized controlled trials （RCT） on the treatment of acute attack of asthma with five classical prescriptions （Sanzi Yangqintang， Maxing Shigantang， Shegan Mahuangtang， Xiao Qinglongtang， and Dingchuantang） were retrieved from China Science and Technology Journal Database （VIP）， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， and Wanfang Data （from establishment to August 15， 2021）. The eligible RCT were evaluated and the data were extracted for network Meta-analysis by Stata 16.0. ResultA total of eligible 47 RCT were screened out， involving 5 114 children with acute attack of asthma and 10 intervention measures. Among them， 16 RCT （1 912 children， 6 intervention measures） were about the cold-induced asthma and 10 RCT （1 054 cases， 4 intervention measures） focused on the heat-induced asthma. According to the Meta-analysis， among the 10 interventions， Maxing Shigantang + routine treatment of western medicine demonstrated the most significant effect， and the effect of the interventions was in the following order： Maxing Shigantang + routine treatment of western medicine > routine treatment of western medicine， Shegan Mahuangtang + routine treatment of western medicine> Xiao Qinglongtang + routine treatment of western medicine > Shegan Mahuangtang > Dingchuantang + routine treatment of western medicine. For the cold-induced asthma， the effect of Shegan Mahuangtang + routine treatment of western medicine was remarkable， and for the heat-induced asthma， the corresponding intervention was Dingchuantang + routine treatment of western medicine. Shegan Mahuangtang was outstanding in improving the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second in predicted value （FEV₁%）. ConclusionThe combination of western medicine with the five prescriptions was more effective than the western medicine alone， particularly the combination with Maxing Shigantang. The combination of Shegan Mahuangtang and western medicine was outstanding in the treatment of cold-induced asthma， while the corresponding intervention for heat-induced asthma was the combination of Dingchuantang and western medicine. However， a large number of RCT with scientific design and higher quality are still needed to verify the conclusion.

Objective: To explore the clinical application and efficacy of lateral upper arm free flap (LUAFF) for one-stage repairing of soft tissue defect after oral cancer surgery. Methods: This article was a retrospective analysis of clinical data of 46 patients receiving treatment of one-stage repairing of soft tissue defect with LUAFF after oral cancer surgery in Hunan Cancer Hospital, from June 2019 to June 2021. Among these cases, 40 were males, and 6 were females. The patients' ages were from 23 to 64 years old. The clinical data of patients were reviewed and outcomes were evaluated. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: In the LUAFF of 46 patients, flap area ranged from 5.0 cm×3.5 cm to 15.0 cm×7.0 cm; the mean pedicle length was 8.15±1.42 cm; the mean artery diameter was 1.20±0.41 mm (range, 1.5 to 2.5 mm); the mean diameter of the largest veins was 2.15±0.52 mm; and the median number of perforators was 2.6 (range, 1 to 4). All donor sites were closed primarily. Two cases had arterial anastomosis thrombosis, but their flaps were successfully saved with urgent re-anastomosis of the vessels. The overall flap survival rate was 93.5%(43/46), with flap necroses after operation in three cases. No patient received tracheotomy. The average hospital stay time of patients after operation was 9.4 days. The follow-up time was 6-24 months, elbow and wrist movements on the operative side were normal, and the upper limb muscle strength was not affected. Conclusions: LUAFF is a suitable choice for the repairs of small-moderate tissue defects in oral cancer surgery, with consistent perforators in the flap, simple harvest method, concealed donor-site scar, and high survival rate.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Postoperative Period ; Cicatrix